柔性直流输电故障快速清除系统及其用直流断路器
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摘要
目前的柔性直流输电系统无法实现直流侧短路故障的清除,导致故障时所有换流站长时间停运。为解决该问题,提高系统可靠性,通过对系统故障电流的产生机理及直流开断原理的研究,以及直流断路器转移回路参数对开断性能影响的仿真分析;提出了一种开断电流500 A的机械式直流断路器及使用该断路器快速清除故障的方法;并搭建低频振荡试验回路验证直流断路器的开断性能。试验结果显示:文中提出的直流断路器稳定开断500 A直流电流,并使用该断路器的故障清除方法能够有效地缩短系统恢复时间,提高了系统稳定性,保证了电能质量。
At present,the flexible HVDC system cannot realize DC side short circuit fault clearing,it leads to chronic failure of all converters. To solve this problem and improve the reliability of the system,this paper researches the mechanism of fault current,the principle of DC interruption and simulates the influence of transfer parameters on DC breaking performance;proposes a mechanical DC circuit breaker of 500 A and a method of clearing the DC fault using the DC circuit breaker. Finally,building a low frequency oscillation circuit verifies the interruption performance of the breaker. The results show that the breaker stably breaks 500 A. The method can effectively shorten the system recovery time,improve the stability of the system and ensure the quality of electric energy.
At present,the flexible HVDC system cannot realize DC side short circuit fault clearing,it leads to chronic failure of all converters. To solve this problem and improve the reliability of the system,this paper researches the mechanism of fault current,the principle of DC interruption and simulates the influence of transfer parameters on DC breaking performance;proposes a mechanical DC circuit breaker of 500 A and a method of clearing the DC fault using the DC circuit breaker. Finally,building a low frequency oscillation circuit verifies the interruption performance of the breaker. The results show that the breaker stably breaks 500 A. The method can effectively shorten the system recovery time,improve the stability of the system and ensure the quality of electric energy.
引文
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[21]赵畹君.高压直流输电工程技术[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2004:71-79.ZHAO Wanjun.High voltage direct current transmission engineer technologies[M].Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2004:71-79.
[22]HAMZAHA.QISTIRAMLIA.Usinga PSCADsimulationsoftware in calculating the probability of surge protective device failure in an installation served by overhead lines[J].Proceedings of the IEEE,2012,15(6):1127-1133.
[23]赵成勇.柔性直流输电建模和仿真技术[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2014:164-173.ZHAO Chengyong.Modeling and simulation technology of flexible direct current transmission[M].Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2014:164-173.146
[24]SURGEVIL T,VARDAR K,AKPINAR E.Analysis of shunt active power filter using PSCAD for parallel operation[J].Proceedings of the IEEE,2015,12(6):263-267.
[25]那虎,丁正平,孙晋峰,等.高压直流输电用直流转换开关转换电流试验回路的分析与设计(1)[J].高压电器,2012,48(11):75-81.NA Hu,DING Zhengping,SUN Jinfeng,et al.Design of test circuits of DC circuit breaker for high voltage direct current(HVDC)distribution system(1)[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2012,48(11):75-81.
[26]那虎,丁正平,孙晋峰,等.高压直流输电用直流转换开关转换电流试验回路的分析与设计(2)[J].高压电器,2013,49(1):91-95.NA Hu,DING Zhengping,SUN Jinfeng,et al.Design of test circuits of DC circuit breaker for high voltage direct current(HVDC)distribution system(2)[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2013,49(1):91-95.
[2]JOVCIC D,HERTEM D V,LINDEN K,et al.Feasibility of DC transmission networks[C]//2nd IEEE PES International Conference and Exhibition on Innovative Smart Grid Technologies.[S.l.]:IEEE,2011:11-17.
[3]LUNDBERG P,JONSSON T,MAITI S,et al.Converter technologies and functional requirements for reliable and economical HVDC grid design[C]//CIGRE Symposium.Calgary:CIGRE,2013:407-410.
[4]MOBAREZ M,KAISHANI M G.A novel control approach for protect of multi-terminal VSC based HVDC transmission system against DC fault[J].Proceedings of the IEEE,2014,10(2):4208-4213.
[5]DASTGEER F,KALAM A.Efficiency comparison of DC and AC distribution systems for distributed generation[C]//Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference.Adelaide,SA,USA:[s.n.],2009:1-5.
[6]ULLAH N,THIRINGER T,KARLSSONM D.Temporary primary frequency control support by variable speed wind turbines-potential and applications[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2008,23(3):601-612.
[7]NOVELLO L,GAIO E,PIOVAN R.Feasibility study of a hybrid mechanical-static DC circuit breaker for superconducting magnet protection[J].IEEE Transations on Applied Superconductivity,2009,19(2):76-83.
[8]SKARBY P,STEIGER U.An ultra-fast disconnecting switch for a hybrid HVDC breaker-A technical breakthrough[C]//CIGRE Canada Conference.Calgary:CIGRE,2013:16-18.
[9]穆建国,王莉,胡杰.直流固态断路器拓扑结构的设计与分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(18):109-114.MU Jianguo,WANG Li,HU Jie.Analysis and design of topological structure for DC solid-state circuit breaker[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2010,30(18):109-114
[10]胡杰,王莉,穆建国.直流固态断路器现状及应用前景[J].电力系统保护与控制,2009,37(19):145-150.HU Jie,WANG Li,MU Jianguo.Present status of DC solid state circuit bresker and its potential application[J].Power System Protection and Control,2009,37(19):145-150.
[11]徐政.柔性直流输电系统[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2012:274-276.XU Zheng.Flexible DC transmission system[M].Beijing:China Machine Press,2012:274-276.
[12]王帮田.高压直流断路器技术[J].高压电器,2010,46(9):61-65.WANG Bangtian.Technology of HVDC circuit breaker[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2010,46(9):61-65
[13]彭畅,温家良,王秀环,等.特高压直流输电系统的直流转换开关研制[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(16):151-156.PENG Chang,WEN Jialiang,WANG Xiuhuan,et a1.Development of DC transfer switch for ultral high voltage DC transmission systems[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(16):151-156.
[14]TAHATA K,KA S,TOKOYODA S,et al.HVDC circuit breaker for HVDC grid application[C]//CIGRE AORC Technical Meeting.Pairs,France:CIGRE,2014:1120.
[15]NOE M,JUENGST K P,ELSCHNER S,et al.High voltage design,requirements and test of a 10 MVA superconducting fault limit[J].IEEE Transactions of Applied Superconductivity,2005,15(2):2082-2085.
[16]RAFFERTY J.DC fault analysis of VSC based multi-terminal HVDC system[C]//International Conference on AC and DC Power Transmission.[S.l.]:IET,2013:1-6.
[17]彭畅,温家良,马国华,等.特高压直流输电系统中直流转换开关的电流转换分析和仿真[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(36):1-7.PENG Chang,WEN Jialiang,MA Guohua,et a1.Analysis and simulation study on current commutation of the DCtransfer switches in UHVDC transmission systems[J],Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(36):1-7.
[18]温家良,吴锐,彭畅,等.直流电网在中国的应用前景分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(2):7-12.WEN Jialiang,WU Rui,PENG Chang,et al.Analysis of DCgrid prospects in China[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(2):7-12.
[19]黄瑜珑,程铁汉.高压直流转换开关的研究与产品开发.2013年中国电机工程学会直流输电与电力电子专委会学术年会.重庆:中国电机工程学会,2013:23-26.HUANG Yulong,CHENG Tiehan.Analysis and simulation study on current commutation of the DC transfer switches in UHVDC transmission systems[C]//2013 Academic Conference on DC Transmission and Electricity Electronics Committee of the CSEE.Chongqing:CSEE,2013:23-26.
[20]马元社,李宾宾,王蔚华,等.高压直流断路器振荡回路特性[J].南方电网技术,2011,5(3):10-13.MA Yuanshe,LI Binbin,WANG Weihua,et al.Characteristic of oscillation circuit in HVDC circuit breakers[J].Southern Power System Technology,2011,5(3):10-13.
[21]赵畹君.高压直流输电工程技术[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2004:71-79.ZHAO Wanjun.High voltage direct current transmission engineer technologies[M].Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2004:71-79.
[22]HAMZAHA.QISTIRAMLIA.Usinga PSCADsimulationsoftware in calculating the probability of surge protective device failure in an installation served by overhead lines[J].Proceedings of the IEEE,2012,15(6):1127-1133.
[23]赵成勇.柔性直流输电建模和仿真技术[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2014:164-173.ZHAO Chengyong.Modeling and simulation technology of flexible direct current transmission[M].Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2014:164-173.146
[24]SURGEVIL T,VARDAR K,AKPINAR E.Analysis of shunt active power filter using PSCAD for parallel operation[J].Proceedings of the IEEE,2015,12(6):263-267.
[25]那虎,丁正平,孙晋峰,等.高压直流输电用直流转换开关转换电流试验回路的分析与设计(1)[J].高压电器,2012,48(11):75-81.NA Hu,DING Zhengping,SUN Jinfeng,et al.Design of test circuits of DC circuit breaker for high voltage direct current(HVDC)distribution system(1)[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2012,48(11):75-81.
[26]那虎,丁正平,孙晋峰,等.高压直流输电用直流转换开关转换电流试验回路的分析与设计(2)[J].高压电器,2013,49(1):91-95.NA Hu,DING Zhengping,SUN Jinfeng,et al.Design of test circuits of DC circuit breaker for high voltage direct current(HVDC)distribution system(2)[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2013,49(1):91-95.