TSI粉尘仪与集沙仪粉尘收集效率比较
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摘要
通过在风洞进行4组土壤风蚀实验,利用TSI粉尘仪和集沙仪两种仪器,分别在距离样品表面不同高度、不同风速和时间下,同时测量PM_(10)和PM_(2. 5)的粉尘收集效率。结合样品粒度特征,尝试建立两种仪器粉尘收集效率之间的关系,并探讨其存在差异的原因。主要得出以下结论:1) TSI粉尘仪切割粒径分别选择PM_(10)和PM_(2. 5)时,所测质量浓度垂直分布特征明显,且变化趋势一致; 2)集沙仪输沙量不同风速下的垂线分布规律基本一致; 3)对比TSI粉尘仪和集沙仪的粉尘收集效率发现,两者呈显著的线性关系。综上,初步认为TSI粉尘仪可以代替集沙仪进行风沙监测方面的研究。
Four wind erosion experiments were carried out in the wind tunnel; TSI dust monitor and sand collector were used to measure the dust collection efficiency of PM10 and PM2.5 simultaneously at different heights of the sample surface and the simulated wind speed and time respectively.In combination with the particle size characteristics of the samples,we attempted to establish the relationship between the dust collection efficiency of the two instruments and to explore the reasons for their differences.The main conclusions are as follows: 1) When the PM_(10) and PM_(2.5) were selected as the TSI dust particle sizes,the measured mass concentration vertical distribution of PM_(10) and PM_(2.5) characteristics were obvious,and the trend was same.2) The vertical variation of sand discharges collected by sand collector were basically same.3) Comparing the dust collection efficiency of the TSI dust monitor and the sand collector,it was found that there was a significant linear relationship between the two.In summary,TSI dust monitor can replace sand collector for the research of wind-blown sand monitoring.
Four wind erosion experiments were carried out in the wind tunnel; TSI dust monitor and sand collector were used to measure the dust collection efficiency of PM10 and PM2.5 simultaneously at different heights of the sample surface and the simulated wind speed and time respectively.In combination with the particle size characteristics of the samples,we attempted to establish the relationship between the dust collection efficiency of the two instruments and to explore the reasons for their differences.The main conclusions are as follows: 1) When the PM_(10) and PM_(2.5) were selected as the TSI dust particle sizes,the measured mass concentration vertical distribution of PM_(10) and PM_(2.5) characteristics were obvious,and the trend was same.2) The vertical variation of sand discharges collected by sand collector were basically same.3) Comparing the dust collection efficiency of the TSI dust monitor and the sand collector,it was found that there was a significant linear relationship between the two.In summary,TSI dust monitor can replace sand collector for the research of wind-blown sand monitoring.
引文
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[19]李振山,倪晋仁,刘贤万.垂直点阵集沙仪的集沙效率[J].泥沙研究,2003(1):24-32.
[20]邹本功,丛自立,刘世建.沙坡头地区风沙流的基本特征及其防治效应的初步观测[J].中国沙漠,1981,1(1):33-39.
[2]柳静献,毛宁,谢越,等.如何防控-工业烟尘PM2. 5控制技术与过滤材料[J].环境保护与循环经济,2012(4):9-12.
[3]Lonati G,Giugliano M,Butelli P,et al. Major chemical components of PM2. 5in Milan(Italy)[J]. Atmospheric Environment,2005,39(10):1925-1934.
[4]Sloane C S,White S,Warren H. Visibility:An evolving issue[J]. Environmental Science and Technology,1986,20(8):760-766.
[5]Chan Y C,Simpson R W,Mctainsh G H,et al. Source apportionment of visibility degradation problems in Brisban(Australia)using multiple linear regression techniques[J]. Atmos. Environ,1999,33(19):3237-3250.
[6]何凌燕,胡敏,黄晓锋,等.北京大气气溶胶PM2. 5中的有机示踪化合物[J].环境科学学报,2005,25(1):23-29.
[7]薛文博,付飞,王金南,等.中国PM2. 5跨区域传输特征数值模拟研究[J].中国环境科学,2014,34(6):1361-1368.
[8]杨昆,杨玉莲,朱彦辉,等.中国PM2. 5污染与社会经济的空间关系及成因[J].地理研究,2016,35(6):1051-1060.
[9]樊玮,崔耀华,师恩洁.粉尘浓度测量仪校准装置的研制[J].工业计量,2015,25(5):42-45.
[10]黄志凡,扈蓉,张志坚.粉尘浓度监测仪校准技术发展概况[J].中国计量,2015(5):105-107.
[11]郜津慧,王智超,杨英霞,等.光散射式数字粉尘测试仪的标定及不确定度分析[J].价值工程,2014(24):301-303.
[12]张金萍,赵文君,狄楠.住宅室内环境中PM10的污染特征及源强度评估[J].环境工程,2017,35(2):141-146.
[13]Bagnold RA. The physics of blown sand and desert dunes[M]. London:Methuen,1941.
[14]Chepil W S. Width of field strips to control wind erosion[J]. Kansas Agricultural Experimental Station Technical Bulletin,1957,92:1-16.
[15]Shao Y,Raupach M R,Findlater P A. The effect of saltation bombardment on the entrainment of dust by wind[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research:Atmospheres,1993,98(D7):12719-12726.
[16]Barchyn T E,Hugenholtz C H,Li B,et al. From particle counts to flux:Wind tunnel testing and calibration of the‘Wenglor’aeolian sediment transport sensor[J]. Aeolian Research,2014,15:311-318.
[17]Greeley R,Leach R N,Williams S H,et al. Rate of wind abrasion on Mars[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth,1982,87(B12):10009-10024.
[18]Neuman M K,Boulton J W,Sanderson S. Wind tunnel simulation of environmental controls on fugitive dust emissions from mine tailings[J].Atmospheric Environment,2009,43(3):520-529.
[19]李振山,倪晋仁,刘贤万.垂直点阵集沙仪的集沙效率[J].泥沙研究,2003(1):24-32.
[20]邹本功,丛自立,刘世建.沙坡头地区风沙流的基本特征及其防治效应的初步观测[J].中国沙漠,1981,1(1):33-39.