摘要
【目的】对土壤颗粒分维特征定量化研究,为改良耕作区土壤结构和提高农业生产潜力提供基础数据支撑。【方法】选取岷江上游杂谷脑河流域3个典型耕作区,运用分形模型,研究该区域典型农耕区土壤颗粒分形维数特征。【结果】研究表明:土壤颗粒分形维数在2. 6279~2. 8705,不同土壤质地分形维数存在显著差异:粉壤土>壤土>砂壤土,表明土壤颗粒分形维数可以表征土壤质地差异;不同土地利用方式下分形维数的分布特征:退耕还林>经果林>原始林,土壤分形维数随土地利用类型的不同而发生规律性的变化;同一流域下不同土地利用类型的土壤颗粒分形维数与土壤深度成正比,不同深度土壤之间变化幅度较小且随深度增加逐渐稳定;土壤颗粒分形维数与黏粒(R2=0. 8125)和粉粒(R2=0. 7556)呈正相关,与砂粒(R2=0. 8932)呈负相关,表明土壤颗粒分形维数可表征土壤颗粒组成。【结论】土壤颗粒分形维数指标是表征土壤质地物理结构状况的重要参数。
【Objective】The quantitative research on the fractal dimension of soil particles can provide basic data support for improving soil structure and agricultural production potential.【Method】Three typical farming areas in Zagunao river basin of the upper reaches of Min river were selected,and the fractal model was used to study the fractal dimension of soil particles in this typical farming area.【Result】The research showed that the fractal dimension of soil particles was between 2. 6279-2. 8705,the significant difference was existing among different soil textures as follows: powder loam > loam > sand loam,it demonstrated that the fractal dimension of soil particles could characterize the difference of soil textures. The fractal dimension with different land-use types showed that the returning farmland to forest > fruit-bearing forest > forest,the soil fractal dimension was regularly changing with different land-use types. Moreover,soil particle fractal dimension of different land-use types in the same river basin was directly proportional to the depth of soil,the variation range was relatively small between the soil in different depths,and also gradually stable with the increase of depth. In addition,the fractal dimension of soil particles was positively correlated with the clay content( R2= 0. 8125) and the silt content( R2= 0. 7556),which was negatively correlated with the sand grains( R2= 0. 8932),which indicated that the fractal dimension of soil particles could represent the composition of soil particles.【Conclusion】The fractal dimension of soil particles is an significant parameter to characterize the physical structure of soil texture.
引文
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