基于高压直流换流站站域信息的交流线路距离保护方法
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摘要
为了解决发生换相失败时基于工频相量的交流线路距离保护将会受到影响而无法可靠判别故障的难题,提出了一种基于高压直流换流站站域信息的交流线路距离保护方法。因为未发生换相失败期间,距离保护可以准确地识别故障位置,所以可以考虑在换相失败期间闭锁距离保护,以避免其受到换相失败的影响。逆变器正常换相时,直流侧电流与交流侧电流基本相等,而换相失败时直流侧电流将远大于交流侧电流,利用此故障特征可对换相失败进行检测。基于换流站站内换相失败信息的检测与共享,可对传统距离保护的性能进行改善。在PSCAD/EMTDC仿真环境下建立高压直流输电系统模型,对所提出保护方法的性能进行验证。仿真结果表明,新提出的距离保护可以避免换相失败对其的影响,在交流线路区内、外发生不同类型的故障时均能准确、可靠地判别故障位置。
In order to solve the problem that the traditional distance protection for AC transmission lines is influenced by commutation failure, a novel distance protection based on substation area information sharing is proposed in this paper. The distance protection can detect the fault position correctly when commutation failure do not occur. Thus, to avoid the influence of commutation failure, the distance protection can be blocked when the commutation failure is detected. The current at inverter DC side is approximately equal to the current at AC side when the inverter commutates normally, and the DC current will be larger than the AC current when commutation failure occurs, which can be used to recognize the commutation failure. Based on the detection and sharing of commutation failure information, the traditional distance protection can be improved. A HVDC system model is built in PSCAD/EMTDC simulation environment to test the performance of the improved method. Simulation results show that the novel method can detect the internal and external faults correctly when different types of faults occur, avoiding the influence of commutation failure.
In order to solve the problem that the traditional distance protection for AC transmission lines is influenced by commutation failure, a novel distance protection based on substation area information sharing is proposed in this paper. The distance protection can detect the fault position correctly when commutation failure do not occur. Thus, to avoid the influence of commutation failure, the distance protection can be blocked when the commutation failure is detected. The current at inverter DC side is approximately equal to the current at AC side when the inverter commutates normally, and the DC current will be larger than the AC current when commutation failure occurs, which can be used to recognize the commutation failure. Based on the detection and sharing of commutation failure information, the traditional distance protection can be improved. A HVDC system model is built in PSCAD/EMTDC simulation environment to test the performance of the improved method. Simulation results show that the novel method can detect the internal and external faults correctly when different types of faults occur, avoiding the influence of commutation failure.
引文
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[13]张璞,王钢,李海峰.直流馈入下的输电线路距离保护动作特性分析[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(6):56-62.ZHANG Pu,WANG Gang,LI Haifeng.Performance of distance protection for transmission lines in a DC/ACinterconnected power system[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2012,36(6):56-62.
[14]王峰,刘天琪,周胜军,等.谐波对HVDC系统换相失败的影响机理及定量分析方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(19):4888-4894.WANG Feng,LIU Tianqi,ZHOU Shengjun,et al.Mechanism and quantitative analysis method for HVDCcommutation failure resulting from harmonics[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(19):4888-4894.
[15]索南加乐,张健康,刘林林,等.交直流混联系统对距离保护暂态超越的影响及解决措施[J].西安交通大学学报,2010,44(4):57-61.SUONAN Jiale,ZHANG Jiankang,LIU Linlin,et al.Impact of AC-DC component power system on distance protection transient overreach and resolving measures[J].Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University,2010,44(4):57-61.
[16]姜姝.HVDC换流器故障分析与保护原理研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2010.JIANG Shu.A study on fault analysis and protection principle for HVDC converter[D].Guangzhou:South China University of Technology,2010.
[17]宋臻吉,邢海文,马龙,等.换流站换相失败保护原理分析[J].山东电力技术,2015(5):45-48.SONG Zhenji,XING Haiwen,MA Long,et al.Commutation failure protection principle in convertor station[J].Shandong Electric Power,2015(5):45-48.
[18]贺智,蔡泽祥.高压直流输电系统继电保护原理和技术[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2013:57-58.
[19]刘之尧,唐卓尧,张文峰,等.直流换相失败引起继电保护误动分析[J].电力系统自动化,2006,30(19):104-107.LIU Zhiyao,TANG Zhuoyao,ZHANG Wenfeng,et al.The research on the mal-operation of protection caused by commutation failure[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2006,30(19):104-107.
[20]张新昌,张项安.层次化保护控制系统及其网络通信技术研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(19):129-133.ZHANG Xinchang,ZHANG Xiangan.Research of hierarchical protection and control system and its communication technology[J].Power System Protection and Control,2014,42(19):129-133.
[21]李俊刚,张爱民,彭华厦,等.区域层次化保护系统研究与设计[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(11):34-40.LI Jungang,ZHANG Aimin,PENG Huaxia,et al.Research and design of zone area hierarchical protection system[J].Power System Protection and Control,2014,42(11):34-40.
[2]王同文,谢民,孙月琴,等.智能变电站继电保护系统可靠性分析[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,43(6):58-66.WANG Tongwen,XIE Min,SUN Yueqin,et al.Analysis of reliability for relay protection systems in smart substation[J].Power System Protection and Control,2015,43(6):58-66.
[3]梁鑫钰,李伟,张哲,等.基于站域信息的备自投研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(20):50-56.LIANG Xinyu,LI Wei,ZHANG Zhe,et al.Automatic bus transfer based on substation area information[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(20):50-56.
[4]李志坚,潘书燕,宋斌,等.智能变电站站域保护控制装置的研制[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(13):107-113.LI Zhijian,PAN Shuyan,SONG Bin,et al.Development of substation area protection and control device in smart substation[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(13):107-113.
[5]田伟,刘更,原宇光,等.基于站域保护的变压器中性点地刀智能切换技术研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(21):170-175.TIAN Wei,LIU Geng,YUAN Yuguang,et al.Research on the smart switching technology of transformer neutral point earthing switch based on substation protection[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(21):170-175.
[6]赵婉君.高压直流输电工程技术[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2010:7-14.
[7]陈仕龙,束洪春,万春红,等.一种特高压直流输电线路单端电压暂态保护原理[J].电力系统保护与控制,2013,41(3):26-31.CHEN Shilong,SHU Hongchun,WAN Chunhong,et al.The principle of single-ended transient based voltage protection for UHVDC transmission line[J].Power System Protection and Control,2013,41(3):26-31.
[8]许朋见,黄金海,许静静,等.宾金特高压直流换相失败保护的研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(2):140-146.XU Pengjian,HUANG Jinhai,XU Jingjing,et al.Study of Bin-Jin UHVDC project commutation failures protection[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(2):140-146.
[9]何朝荣,李兴源,金小明,等.高压直流输电系统换相失败判断标准的仿真分析[J].电网技术,2007,31(1):20-24.HE Chaorong,LI Xingyuan,JIN Xiaoming,et al.Simulation analysis on commutation failure criteria for HVDC transmission systems[J].Power System Technology,2007,31(1):20-24.
[10]李海峰,张璞,王钢,等.直流馈入下的工频变化量方向纵联保护动作特性分析(二)故障线路的方向保护[J].电力系统自动化,2009,33(10):43-49.LI Haifeng,ZHANG Pu,WANG Gang,et al.Performance of directional protection based on variation of power-frequency components in HVDC/AC interconnected system part two response of the directional protection for faulted line[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2009,33(10):43-49.
[11]黄少锋,费彬,申洪明,等.换相失败对距离保护的影响分析及防范措施的研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(20):123-128.HUANG Shaofeng,FEI Bin,SHEN Hongming,et al.Effect of commutation failure on distance protection and the countermeasures[J].Power System Protection and Control,2014,42(20):123-128.
[12]费彬.HVDC换相失败对交流保护的影响及对策[D].北京:华北电力大学,2015.FEI Bin.Research on the effect of HVDC commutation failure on the relay protection and its countermeasures[D].Beijing:North China Electric Power University,2005.
[13]张璞,王钢,李海峰.直流馈入下的输电线路距离保护动作特性分析[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(6):56-62.ZHANG Pu,WANG Gang,LI Haifeng.Performance of distance protection for transmission lines in a DC/ACinterconnected power system[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2012,36(6):56-62.
[14]王峰,刘天琪,周胜军,等.谐波对HVDC系统换相失败的影响机理及定量分析方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(19):4888-4894.WANG Feng,LIU Tianqi,ZHOU Shengjun,et al.Mechanism and quantitative analysis method for HVDCcommutation failure resulting from harmonics[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(19):4888-4894.
[15]索南加乐,张健康,刘林林,等.交直流混联系统对距离保护暂态超越的影响及解决措施[J].西安交通大学学报,2010,44(4):57-61.SUONAN Jiale,ZHANG Jiankang,LIU Linlin,et al.Impact of AC-DC component power system on distance protection transient overreach and resolving measures[J].Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University,2010,44(4):57-61.
[16]姜姝.HVDC换流器故障分析与保护原理研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2010.JIANG Shu.A study on fault analysis and protection principle for HVDC converter[D].Guangzhou:South China University of Technology,2010.
[17]宋臻吉,邢海文,马龙,等.换流站换相失败保护原理分析[J].山东电力技术,2015(5):45-48.SONG Zhenji,XING Haiwen,MA Long,et al.Commutation failure protection principle in convertor station[J].Shandong Electric Power,2015(5):45-48.
[18]贺智,蔡泽祥.高压直流输电系统继电保护原理和技术[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2013:57-58.
[19]刘之尧,唐卓尧,张文峰,等.直流换相失败引起继电保护误动分析[J].电力系统自动化,2006,30(19):104-107.LIU Zhiyao,TANG Zhuoyao,ZHANG Wenfeng,et al.The research on the mal-operation of protection caused by commutation failure[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2006,30(19):104-107.
[20]张新昌,张项安.层次化保护控制系统及其网络通信技术研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(19):129-133.ZHANG Xinchang,ZHANG Xiangan.Research of hierarchical protection and control system and its communication technology[J].Power System Protection and Control,2014,42(19):129-133.
[21]李俊刚,张爱民,彭华厦,等.区域层次化保护系统研究与设计[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(11):34-40.LI Jungang,ZHANG Aimin,PENG Huaxia,et al.Research and design of zone area hierarchical protection system[J].Power System Protection and Control,2014,42(11):34-40.