含源配电网的无功电压分段自适应自治控制策略
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摘要
针对分布式电源(DG)接入配电网产生的电压越限问题,可以利用DG逆变器输出的无功功率为含源配电网提供无功支撑以解决电压越限问题。提出含源配电网的无功电压分段自适应自治控制策略。首先通过采集当前时刻DG并网点电压和并网点处馈线流过的有功功率方向。然后根据采集到的信息动态自适应调整触发电压临界值,触发电压临界值将并网点电压运行值划分为五个区间。其次根据DG并网点电压所处区间使用Q(U)控制策略计算DG无功输出目标值。最后控制DG逆变器输出无功追踪该目标值。将所提方法与不考虑DG无功调控能力方案、基于定参数的Q(U)控制方案进行综合比较,仿真结果表明所提控制策略在解决电压越限问题、抑制电压扰动、提高电压质量等方面均有显著的效果。
This paper focuses on the problem that the voltage exceeds the limit range when Distributed Generation(DG) is connected to distribution network. Reactive power of DG inverter can offer reactive support to solve the voltage problem. The reactive voltage control strategy based on adaptive autonomous segment for Distribution Network with Sources(DNS) is put forward in this paper. Firstly, this strategy can adaptively adjust the trigger voltage thresholds by collecting the information about the voltage of Point of Common Coupling(PCC) of DG and the direction of active power flow through next feeder adjoining the PCC of DG. Then, the threshold value of trigger voltage is adjusted dynamically according to the collected information. The run value of the PCC of DG can be divided to five intervals by the trigger voltage thresholds. Secondly, according to the interval that the voltage of PCC of DG is in the reference values about reactive power outputs of DG inverter can be calculated by using the Q(U) control method. Finally, the reactive output of the DG inverter is controlled to trace the reference value. This research is comprehensively compared with the case without the reactive support of DG inverter and the case where DG inverter operates using the Q(U) control strategy with constant segmented voltage threshold. The simulation result shows that the proposed method has a significant improvement on reducing the voltage exceeding the limits range, restraining the voltage disturbance and improving the voltage quality.
This paper focuses on the problem that the voltage exceeds the limit range when Distributed Generation(DG) is connected to distribution network. Reactive power of DG inverter can offer reactive support to solve the voltage problem. The reactive voltage control strategy based on adaptive autonomous segment for Distribution Network with Sources(DNS) is put forward in this paper. Firstly, this strategy can adaptively adjust the trigger voltage thresholds by collecting the information about the voltage of Point of Common Coupling(PCC) of DG and the direction of active power flow through next feeder adjoining the PCC of DG. Then, the threshold value of trigger voltage is adjusted dynamically according to the collected information. The run value of the PCC of DG can be divided to five intervals by the trigger voltage thresholds. Secondly, according to the interval that the voltage of PCC of DG is in the reference values about reactive power outputs of DG inverter can be calculated by using the Q(U) control method. Finally, the reactive output of the DG inverter is controlled to trace the reference value. This research is comprehensively compared with the case without the reactive support of DG inverter and the case where DG inverter operates using the Q(U) control strategy with constant segmented voltage threshold. The simulation result shows that the proposed method has a significant improvement on reducing the voltage exceeding the limits range, restraining the voltage disturbance and improving the voltage quality.
引文
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[19]魏昊焜,刘健,高慧.分布式电源的本地电压控制策略[J].电力自动化设备,2016,36(9):40-45.WEI Haokun,LIU Jian,GAO Hui.Local voltage control of distributed generations[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2016,36(9):40-45.
[20]李鹏,于航,夏曼,等.分布式光伏集群分层多模式无功控制策略[J].电网技术,2016,40(10):3038-3044.LI Peng,YU Hang,XIA Man,et al.A hierarchical multi-mode var control strategy for grid-connected PVclusters[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(10):3038-3044.
[21]徐志成,赵波,丁明,等.基于电压灵敏度的配电网光伏消纳能力随机场景模拟及逆变器控制参数优化整定[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(6):1578-1587.XU Zhicheng,ZHAO Bo,DING Ming,et al.Photovoltaic hosting capacity evaluation of distribution networks and inverter parameters optimization based on node voltage sensitivity[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(6):1578-1587.
[22]张玮亚,王紫钰.智能配电系统分区电压控制技术研究综述[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(1):146-154.ZHANG Weiya,WANG Ziyu.Review of zonal-voltage control techniques of smart distribution system[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(1):146-154.
[2]ZHANG D,LI J,HUI D.Coordinated control for voltage regulation of distribution network voltage regulation by distributed energy storage systems[J].Protection and Control of Modem Power Systems,2018,3(3):35-42.DOI:10.1186/s41601-018-0077-1.
[3]黄弘扬,王波,黄晓明,等.基于双馈风电机组的分布式动态无功支撑系统[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(24):140-147.HUANG Hongyang,WANG Bo,HUANG Xiaoming,et al.Distributed dynamic reactive power support system based on doubly fed induction generator[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(24):140-147.
[4]陈旭,杨雨瑶,张勇军,等.光伏光照概率性对配电网电压的影响[J].华南理工大学学报(自然科学版),2015,43(4):112-118.CHEN Xu,YANG Yuyao,ZHANG Yongjun,et al.Influence of illumination probability of photovoltaic system on voltage of power distribution networks[J].Journal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science Edition),2015,43(4):112-118.
[5]刘泽槐,翟世涛,张勇军,等.基于扩展QV节点潮流的光储联合日前计划[J].电网技术,2015,39(12):3435-3441.LIU Zehuai,ZHAI Shitao,ZHANG Yongjun,et al.A joint day-ahead scheduling for photovoltaic-storage systems based on extended QV bus-type power flow[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(12):3435-3441.
[6]张曦,张宁,龙飞,等.分布式电源接入配网对其静态电压稳定性影响多角度研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(6):120-125.ZHANG Xi,ZHANG Ning,LONG Fei,et al.Research of the impacts on static voltage stability of distribution networks with distributed generation from different aspects[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(6):120-125.
[7]GHASEMI M,PARNIANI M.Prevention of distribution network overvoltage by adaptive droop-based active and reactive power control of PV systems[J].Electric Power Systems Research,2016,133:313-327.
[8]骆晨,陶顺,赵晨雪,等.主动配电网区域自适应性电压分层分区控制[J].现代电力,2016,33(3):29-34.LUO Chen,TAO Shun,ZHAO Chenxue,et al.Hierarchical and distributed voltage control with regional adaptability in active distribution networks[J].Modern Electric Power,2016,33(3):29-34.
[9]ZHAO B,XU Z,XU C,et al.Network partition based zonal voltage control for distribution networks with distributed PV systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2018,9(5):4087-4098.
[10]DARWISH E,HASANIEN H,ATALLAH A,et al.Reactive power control of three-phase low voltage system based on voltage to increase PV penetration levels[J].Ain Shams Engineering Journal,2018,9(4):1831-1837.
[11]周林,任伟,廖波,等.并网型光伏电站无功电压控制[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(20):168-175.ZHOU Lin,REN Wei,LIAO Bo,et al.Reactive power and voltage control for grid-connected PV power plants[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(20):168-175.
[12]MOLINA-GARCíA A,MASTROMAURO R,GARCíA-SáNCHEZ T,et al.Reactive power flow control for PVinverters voltage support in LV distribution networks[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2017,8(1):447-456.
[13]王颖,文福拴,赵波,等.高密度分布式光伏接入下电压越限问题的分析与对策[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(5):1200-1206.WANG Ying,WEN Fushuan,ZHAO Bo,et al.Analysis and countermeasures of voltage violation problems caused by high-density distributed photovoltaics[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(5):1200-1206.
[14]陶维青,鲁胜清,杨刚,等.低压配网中光伏发电系统调压策略[J].可再生能源,2015,33(9):1323-1328.TAO Weiqing,LU Shengqing,YANG Gang,et al.A voltage regulation strategy of PV system in low-voltage networks[J].Renewable Energy Resources,2015,33(9):1323-1328.
[15]周林,晁阳,廖波,等.低压网络中并网光伏逆变器调压策略[J].电网技术,2013,37(9):2427-2432.ZHOU Lin,CHAO Yang,LIAO Bo,et al.A voltage regulation strategy by grid-connected PV inverters in low-voltage networks[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(9):2427-2432.
[16]CRACIUN B I,SERA D,MAN E A,et al.Improved voltage regulation strategies by PV inverters in LV rural networks[M].Aalborg:IEEE Press,2012:775-781.
[17]武兆亮,赵庆生,郭贺宏,等.光伏智能逆变器电压/无功控制研究[J].可再生能源,2015,33(1):32-36.WU Zhaoliang,ZHAO Qingsheng,GUO Hehong,et al.Research on volt/var control of photovoltaic intelligent inverter[J].Renewable Energy Resources,2015,33(1):32-36.
[18]李清然,张建成.含分布式光伏电源的配电网电压越限解决方案[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(22):117-123.LI Qingran,ZHANG Jiancheng.Solution of voltage beyond limits in distribution network with distributed photovoltaic generators[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(22):117-123.
[19]魏昊焜,刘健,高慧.分布式电源的本地电压控制策略[J].电力自动化设备,2016,36(9):40-45.WEI Haokun,LIU Jian,GAO Hui.Local voltage control of distributed generations[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2016,36(9):40-45.
[20]李鹏,于航,夏曼,等.分布式光伏集群分层多模式无功控制策略[J].电网技术,2016,40(10):3038-3044.LI Peng,YU Hang,XIA Man,et al.A hierarchical multi-mode var control strategy for grid-connected PVclusters[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(10):3038-3044.
[21]徐志成,赵波,丁明,等.基于电压灵敏度的配电网光伏消纳能力随机场景模拟及逆变器控制参数优化整定[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(6):1578-1587.XU Zhicheng,ZHAO Bo,DING Ming,et al.Photovoltaic hosting capacity evaluation of distribution networks and inverter parameters optimization based on node voltage sensitivity[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(6):1578-1587.
[22]张玮亚,王紫钰.智能配电系统分区电压控制技术研究综述[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(1):146-154.ZHANG Weiya,WANG Ziyu.Review of zonal-voltage control techniques of smart distribution system[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(1):146-154.