基于光纤光栅的结构应变模态测试及参数识别
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摘要
以光纤光栅传感器为测量手段实现了基于快速应变响应的结构模态分析。根据位移模态分析的基本原理,推导了应变模态参数识别算法,能够仅根据应变响应数据计算结构的模态参数。搭建了一套采样率为5 000Hz的光纤光栅快速应变采集系统,进行了等截面悬臂梁的光纤光栅应变模态试验并识别了悬臂梁的前5阶模态参数。光纤光栅方法与有限元分析结果相比,固有频率相对误差小于0.6%,比基于电传感器的位移模态测试结果更接近理论值。基于光纤光栅的应变模态分析方法附加质量小,能够适应更复杂的测量环境,具有一定的应用价值。
Structural modal analysis based on fast strain response was realized by using fiber Bragg grating sensor.According to the basic principle of displacement modal analysis,the strain modal parameter identification algorithm was derived,which can calculate the modal parameters of the structure only based on the strain response data.A fiber Bragg grating fast strain acquisition system with a sampling rate of 5 000 Hz was built.The strain modal test of the fiber grating with equal section cantilever beam was carried out and the first 5 modal parameters of the cantilever beam were identified.Compared with the results of finite element analysis,the fiber grating method has a relative error of less than 0.6%,which is closer to the theoretical calculation than the displacement mode test result based on the electrical acceleration sensor.The strain modal analysis method based on fiber grating has small additional quality and can adapt to more complex measurement environment.
Structural modal analysis based on fast strain response was realized by using fiber Bragg grating sensor.According to the basic principle of displacement modal analysis,the strain modal parameter identification algorithm was derived,which can calculate the modal parameters of the structure only based on the strain response data.A fiber Bragg grating fast strain acquisition system with a sampling rate of 5 000 Hz was built.The strain modal test of the fiber grating with equal section cantilever beam was carried out and the first 5 modal parameters of the cantilever beam were identified.Compared with the results of finite element analysis,the fiber grating method has a relative error of less than 0.6%,which is closer to the theoretical calculation than the displacement mode test result based on the electrical acceleration sensor.The strain modal analysis method based on fiber grating has small additional quality and can adapt to more complex measurement environment.
引文
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[3]Li D B,Zhuge H C,Wang B.On the principle and techniques of experimental strain modal analysis[C]//Proc.of 7th IMAC,1989:1285-1289.
[4]Yam L H,Leung T P,Li D B,et al.Theoretical and experimental study of modal strain analysis[J].J.of Sound and Vibration,1996,192(2):251-260.
[5]陆秋海,周舟,李德葆,等.结构应变模态辨识的特征系统实现方法[J].机械强度,2004,26(1):1-5.Lu Qiuhai,Zhou Zhou,Li Debao,et al.Structural strain modes identification method by eigensystem realization algorithm[J].J.of Mechanical Strength,2004,26(1):1-5.
[6]张开银,刘成林.时域应变模态分析的理论与应用[J].武汉钢铁学院学报,1995,18(2):195-200.Zhang Kaiyin,Liu Chenglin.The theory and application on time domain strain modal analysis[J].J.of Wuhan University of Science and Technol.,1995,18(2):195-200.
[7]陈熙源,王曦峤.光纤Bragg光栅传感器在智能船舶结构中的应用[J].船舶工程,2006,28(2):29-32.Chen Xiyuan,Wang Xijiao.Application of fiber Bragg grating sensors on smart ship structure[J].Ship Engin.,2006,28(2):29-32.
[8]刘铁根,王双,江俊峰,等.航空航天光纤传感技术研究进展[J].仪器仪表学报,2014,35(8):1681-1693.Liu Tiegen,Wang Shuang,Jiang Junfeng,et al.Advances in optical fiber sensing technology for aviation and aerospace application[J].Chinese J.of Scientific Instrument,2014,35(8):1681-1693.
[9]Ogisu T,Shimanuki M,Kiyoshima S,et al.Development of damage monitoring system for aircraft structure using a PZTactuator/FBG sensor hybrid system[J].Proc.SPIE,2004,5388:53-54.
[10]Mizutani T,Takeda N,Takeya H.On-board strain measurement of a cryogenic composite tank mounted on a reusable rocket using FBG sensors[J].Structural Health Monitoring,2006,5(3):205-214.
[11]Takeda I S,Aoki Y,Nagao Y.Damage monitoring of CFRPstiffened panels under compressive load using FBG sensors[J].Composite Structures,2012,94(3):813-819.
[12]Ecke W,Grimm S.Optical fiber grating sensor network based on highly reliable fibers and components for spacecraft health monitoring[J].Proc of SPIE,2001,4328:297-305.
[13]聂雪媛,丁桦.基于随机减量技术的模态参数识别方法探讨[J].机械设计,2012,29(8):1-5.Nie Xueyuan,Ding Hua.Discussion on modal parameter identification method based on random decrement technique[J].J.of Machine Design,2012,29(8):1-5.
[14]宋汉文,华宏星,傅志方.工况模态分析理论的概念、应用和发展[J].振动工程学报,2004,17(2):657-659.Song Hanwen,Hua Hongxing,Fu Zhifang.Operational modal analysis:Concept,application and development[J].J.of Vibration Engin.,2004,17(2):657-659.
[15]梁君,赵登峰.工作模态分析理论研究现状与发展[J].电子机械工程,2006,22(6):7-8.Liang Jun,Zhao Dengfeng.The status and prospect of modal analysis theory[J].Electro-Mechanical Engin.,2006,22(6):7-8.