高速铁路综合接地系统对牵引变电所接地阻抗测量的影响
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摘要
牵引变电所接地网在高速铁路综合接地系统的作用范围内,其接地阻抗的测量必然会受到高速铁路综合接地系统的影响,并不能简单照搬电力系统接地装置接地阻抗的测量方法。基于CDEGS软件建立高速铁路综合接地系统存在下牵引变电所接地网接地阻抗计算模型,分析了均匀土壤电阻率下高速铁路综合接地系统对牵引变电所接地网地表地电位升分布的影响。在此基础上,建立了某段高速铁路综合接地系统存在下的牵引变电所接地网接地阻抗测量仿真模型,分析了不同电极布置方式、不同电流极距离下用夹角法测量牵引变电所接地网接地阻抗的准确度,并开展了现场试验。仿真计算和现场实测表明:高速铁路综合接地系统的存在,减小了牵引变电所接地网的作用范围,严重影响了夹角法测量牵引变电所接地阻抗的准确度。合理地布置电流极和电压极,能减小高速铁路综合接地系统对牵引变电所接地网接地阻抗测量的影响,远离30°夹角法适合高速铁路综合接地系统存在下牵引变电所接地网接地阻抗的测量。
The grounding grid of traction substation is within the influence scope of the integrated grounding system for high-speed railway, and the measurement of its grounding impedance is bound to be influenced by the integrated grounding system for high-speed railway, therefore, it can not simply copy the grounding impedance measurement method of power system grounding device. Based on the CDEGS software, we established a calculation model of the grounding impedance of grounding grid in traction substation in the existence of integrated grounding system for high-speed railway,and analyzed the influence of the integrated grounding system for high-speed railway on the ground potential rise distribution of traction substation grounding grid under a homogeneous soil resistivity. Thereby, the simulation model of grounding impedance measurement of grounding grid in a traction substation was established in the presence of integrated grounding system for high-speed railway. We also analyzed the accuracy of measuring the grounding impedance of traction substation by an angle measurement method under different electrode arrangements and different current electrode distances, and performed the field tests. The simulation calculation and the field measurement show that the existence of integrated grounding system for high-speed railway reduces the influence scope of the grounding grid of traction substation, and seriously affects the accuracy of the angle measurement method for measuring the grounding impedance of traction substation. Reasonable arrangements of current electrode and voltage electrode can reduce the influence of integrated grounding system for high-speed railway on grounding impedance measurement of traction substation grounding grid, and a 30-degree-beyond angle method is suitable for the grounding impedance measurement of the grounding grid in traction substation in the existence of integrated grounding system for high-speed railway.
The grounding grid of traction substation is within the influence scope of the integrated grounding system for high-speed railway, and the measurement of its grounding impedance is bound to be influenced by the integrated grounding system for high-speed railway, therefore, it can not simply copy the grounding impedance measurement method of power system grounding device. Based on the CDEGS software, we established a calculation model of the grounding impedance of grounding grid in traction substation in the existence of integrated grounding system for high-speed railway,and analyzed the influence of the integrated grounding system for high-speed railway on the ground potential rise distribution of traction substation grounding grid under a homogeneous soil resistivity. Thereby, the simulation model of grounding impedance measurement of grounding grid in a traction substation was established in the presence of integrated grounding system for high-speed railway. We also analyzed the accuracy of measuring the grounding impedance of traction substation by an angle measurement method under different electrode arrangements and different current electrode distances, and performed the field tests. The simulation calculation and the field measurement show that the existence of integrated grounding system for high-speed railway reduces the influence scope of the grounding grid of traction substation, and seriously affects the accuracy of the angle measurement method for measuring the grounding impedance of traction substation. Reasonable arrangements of current electrode and voltage electrode can reduce the influence of integrated grounding system for high-speed railway on grounding impedance measurement of traction substation grounding grid, and a 30-degree-beyond angle method is suitable for the grounding impedance measurement of the grounding grid in traction substation in the existence of integrated grounding system for high-speed railway.
引文
[1]陈晶晶.高速铁路综合接地系统参数计算及优化设计[D].西安:西南交通大学,2008.CHENJingjing.Parametercalculationandoptimizationdesignofhigh-speedrailwayintegratedgroundingsystem[D].Xi’an,China:Southwest Jiaotong University, 2008.
[2]黄足平.降低高速电气化铁道钢轨电位技术措施研究[D].西安:西南交通大学,2007.HUANGZuping.Researchontechnicalmeasuresforreducingrailpotential in high speed electrified railway[D]. Xi’an, China:SouthwestJiaotong University, 2007.
[3]王建国,樊亚东,张义,等.高速铁路综合接地系统的接地阻抗和散流特性[J].高电压技术,2015,41(11):3576-3582.WANG Jianguo, FAN Yadong, ZHANG Yi, et al. Grounding imped-anceandcurrentdispersedcharacteristicsofhigh-speedrailwayintegratedgroundingsystem[J].HighVoltageEngineering,2015,41(11):3576-3582.
[4]王爱霞.干旱沙漠地区牵引变电所接地网的优化设计[D].兰州:兰州交通大学,2013.WANG Aixia. Optimal design of grounding grid for traction substationin arid desert area[D]. Lanzhou, China:Lanzhou Jiaotong University,2013.
[5]曾嵘,何金良,高延庆,等.分层土壤结构变电站接地阻抗测试信号的处理[J].电工技术学报,2000,15(5):69-74.ZENG Rong, HE Jinliang, GAO Yanqing, et al. Measuring signal pro-cessingofgroundingimpedanceofsubstationwithlayeredsoilstructure[J].TransactionsofChinaElectrotechnicalSociety,2000,15(5):69-74.
[6]张义,黄松波,王建国,等.运行变电站接地网接地阻抗计算分析[J].高电压技术,2013,39(2):457-463.ZHANGYi,HUANGSongbo,WANGJianguo,etal.Analysisofgrounding impedance computation for grounding grid of substation inoperation[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2013, 39(2):457-463.
[7]张波,何金良,曾嵘.电力系统接地技术现状及展望[J].高电压技术,2015,41(8):2569-2582.ZHANG Bo, HE Jinliang, ZENG Rong. State of art and prospect ofgrounding technology in power system[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2015, 41(8):2569-2582.
[8]解广润.电力系统接地技术[M].北京:中国电力出版社,1991.XIEGuangrun.Powersystemgroundingtechnology[M].Beijing,China:China Water Resource and Electrical Power Press, 1991.
[9]何金良,曾嵘.电力系统接地技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2007.HEJinliang,ZENGRong.Powersystemgroundingtechnology[M].Beijing, China:Science Press, 2007.
[10]接地装置特性参数测量导则:DL/T 475—2006[S],2006.Guideformeasurementofgroundingconnectionparameters:DL/T475—2006[S], 2006.
[11]PowerSystemInstrumentationandMeasurementsCommittee.IEEEguideformeasuringearthresistively,groundimpedance,andearthsurfacepotentialsofagroundsystem:ANSI/IEEEStd81-2012[S].New York, USA:The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers,2012.
[12]WANG JJ,ZOUJ,HE JL,etal. Influenceofdifferentfactors oncurrent division factor for grounding system design[C]∥14th Interna-tionalSymposiumonHighVoltageEngineering.Beijing,China:Tsinghua University Press, 2005:74.
[13]GRCEV L. Computer analysis of transient voltages in large groundingsystems[J].IEEETransactionsonPowerDelivery,1996,11(2):815-823.
[14]OTEROAF,CIDRASJ,ALAMODELJL.Frequencydependentgrounding system calculation by means of a conventional nodal analy-sis technique[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 1999, 14(3):873-878.
[15]张海峰,王丰华,金之俭,等.地下金属管道对变电站接地网接地电阻及其测量的影响[J].电网技术,2011,35(1):134-140.ZHANG Haifeng, WANG Fenghua, JIN Zhijian, et al. Impacts of un-dergroundmetalpipelinesongroundingresistanceofsubstationgroundinggridanditsmeasurement[J].PowerSystemTechnology,2011, 35(1):134-140.
[16]ZHANG Y, WANG J G, QI G F, et al. Grounding impedance of meas-urement method of integrated grounding system in high-speed railwayroadbedsection[J].IETElectricalSystemsinTransportation,2015,5(2):88-93.
[17]张波,崔翔,赵志斌,等.计及导体互感的复杂接地网的频域分析方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2003,23(4):77-80.ZHANG Bo, CUI Xiang, ZHAO Zhibin, et al. Analysis of the complexgroundinggridsinfrequencydomainconsideringmutualinductanc-es[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2003, 23(4):77-80.
[18]何金良,尹晗,张晓,等.地中敷设绝缘层降低直流接地极跨步电压的的方法研究[J].高电压技术,2014,40(7):1940-1947.HE Jinliang, YIN Han, ZHANG Xiao, et al. Method of reducing DCgrounding electrode step voltage based on underground insulating lay-ers[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2014, 40(7):1940-1947.
[19]张义,蔡汉生,贾磊,等.带架空地线运行的变电站主接地网接地阻抗的测量与分析[J].南方电网技术,2016,10(9):77-82.ZHANGYi,CAIHansheng,JIALei,etal.Groundingimpedancemeasurement and analysis for main grounding grid of substation oper-atingwithoverheadgroundwire[J].SouthernPowerSystemTechnology, 2016, 10(9):77-82.
[20]铁路综合接地系统测量方法:TB/T 3233—2010[S].北京:中华人民共和国铁道部,2010.Measurementmethodofrailwayintegratedgroundingsystem:TB/T3233-2010[S].Beijing,China:MinistryofRailwaysofthePeople’sRepublic of China, 2010.
[2]黄足平.降低高速电气化铁道钢轨电位技术措施研究[D].西安:西南交通大学,2007.HUANGZuping.Researchontechnicalmeasuresforreducingrailpotential in high speed electrified railway[D]. Xi’an, China:SouthwestJiaotong University, 2007.
[3]王建国,樊亚东,张义,等.高速铁路综合接地系统的接地阻抗和散流特性[J].高电压技术,2015,41(11):3576-3582.WANG Jianguo, FAN Yadong, ZHANG Yi, et al. Grounding imped-anceandcurrentdispersedcharacteristicsofhigh-speedrailwayintegratedgroundingsystem[J].HighVoltageEngineering,2015,41(11):3576-3582.
[4]王爱霞.干旱沙漠地区牵引变电所接地网的优化设计[D].兰州:兰州交通大学,2013.WANG Aixia. Optimal design of grounding grid for traction substationin arid desert area[D]. Lanzhou, China:Lanzhou Jiaotong University,2013.
[5]曾嵘,何金良,高延庆,等.分层土壤结构变电站接地阻抗测试信号的处理[J].电工技术学报,2000,15(5):69-74.ZENG Rong, HE Jinliang, GAO Yanqing, et al. Measuring signal pro-cessingofgroundingimpedanceofsubstationwithlayeredsoilstructure[J].TransactionsofChinaElectrotechnicalSociety,2000,15(5):69-74.
[6]张义,黄松波,王建国,等.运行变电站接地网接地阻抗计算分析[J].高电压技术,2013,39(2):457-463.ZHANGYi,HUANGSongbo,WANGJianguo,etal.Analysisofgrounding impedance computation for grounding grid of substation inoperation[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2013, 39(2):457-463.
[7]张波,何金良,曾嵘.电力系统接地技术现状及展望[J].高电压技术,2015,41(8):2569-2582.ZHANG Bo, HE Jinliang, ZENG Rong. State of art and prospect ofgrounding technology in power system[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2015, 41(8):2569-2582.
[8]解广润.电力系统接地技术[M].北京:中国电力出版社,1991.XIEGuangrun.Powersystemgroundingtechnology[M].Beijing,China:China Water Resource and Electrical Power Press, 1991.
[9]何金良,曾嵘.电力系统接地技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2007.HEJinliang,ZENGRong.Powersystemgroundingtechnology[M].Beijing, China:Science Press, 2007.
[10]接地装置特性参数测量导则:DL/T 475—2006[S],2006.Guideformeasurementofgroundingconnectionparameters:DL/T475—2006[S], 2006.
[11]PowerSystemInstrumentationandMeasurementsCommittee.IEEEguideformeasuringearthresistively,groundimpedance,andearthsurfacepotentialsofagroundsystem:ANSI/IEEEStd81-2012[S].New York, USA:The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers,2012.
[12]WANG JJ,ZOUJ,HE JL,etal. Influenceofdifferentfactors oncurrent division factor for grounding system design[C]∥14th Interna-tionalSymposiumonHighVoltageEngineering.Beijing,China:Tsinghua University Press, 2005:74.
[13]GRCEV L. Computer analysis of transient voltages in large groundingsystems[J].IEEETransactionsonPowerDelivery,1996,11(2):815-823.
[14]OTEROAF,CIDRASJ,ALAMODELJL.Frequencydependentgrounding system calculation by means of a conventional nodal analy-sis technique[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 1999, 14(3):873-878.
[15]张海峰,王丰华,金之俭,等.地下金属管道对变电站接地网接地电阻及其测量的影响[J].电网技术,2011,35(1):134-140.ZHANG Haifeng, WANG Fenghua, JIN Zhijian, et al. Impacts of un-dergroundmetalpipelinesongroundingresistanceofsubstationgroundinggridanditsmeasurement[J].PowerSystemTechnology,2011, 35(1):134-140.
[16]ZHANG Y, WANG J G, QI G F, et al. Grounding impedance of meas-urement method of integrated grounding system in high-speed railwayroadbedsection[J].IETElectricalSystemsinTransportation,2015,5(2):88-93.
[17]张波,崔翔,赵志斌,等.计及导体互感的复杂接地网的频域分析方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2003,23(4):77-80.ZHANG Bo, CUI Xiang, ZHAO Zhibin, et al. Analysis of the complexgroundinggridsinfrequencydomainconsideringmutualinductanc-es[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2003, 23(4):77-80.
[18]何金良,尹晗,张晓,等.地中敷设绝缘层降低直流接地极跨步电压的的方法研究[J].高电压技术,2014,40(7):1940-1947.HE Jinliang, YIN Han, ZHANG Xiao, et al. Method of reducing DCgrounding electrode step voltage based on underground insulating lay-ers[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2014, 40(7):1940-1947.
[19]张义,蔡汉生,贾磊,等.带架空地线运行的变电站主接地网接地阻抗的测量与分析[J].南方电网技术,2016,10(9):77-82.ZHANGYi,CAIHansheng,JIALei,etal.Groundingimpedancemeasurement and analysis for main grounding grid of substation oper-atingwithoverheadgroundwire[J].SouthernPowerSystemTechnology, 2016, 10(9):77-82.
[20]铁路综合接地系统测量方法:TB/T 3233—2010[S].北京:中华人民共和国铁道部,2010.Measurementmethodofrailwayintegratedgroundingsystem:TB/T3233-2010[S].Beijing,China:MinistryofRailwaysofthePeople’sRepublic of China, 2010.