软岩渗流-化学-损伤软化过程中能量耗散机制
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摘要
红层软岩具有遇水软化特性,在降雨条件下渗流、化学、力学损伤等多效应综合作用造成工程地质灾害,是岩土工程界广泛关注的热点和难点问题之一。基于能量耗散原理,研究了软岩软化过程中的渗流、化学、损伤效应,提取了主要的渗流、化学、损伤能量变量,讨论了渗流-化学-损伤效应对软岩软化过程的作用以及能量耗散的机制,结合软岩三轴试验分析了能量耗散过程。结果表明:在渗流-化学-损伤效应共同作用下,水在软岩中形成渗流,渗流的作用加速了软化进程;软岩与渗流之间的化学作用加速了裂隙-孔隙损伤的发展;软岩裂隙-孔隙损伤的发展反过来促进了渗流及化学的作用。从能量角度来看,软岩软化后可承受的极限应变能量减少,渗流提供了能量同时也通过化学效应消耗了软岩自身的能量,降低了强度并引发损伤,因此,软岩软化的过程是一个能量耗散的过程。在此过程中,渗流、化学、力学损伤等能量的涨落及耗散、物质交换、非线性正反馈作用,使得软岩经历从平衡态到非平衡态相变,最终软化破坏形成了耗散结构。
Red bed soft rock has the characteristics of softening when it encounters water. The comprehensive effects of seepage,chemical and mechanical damage under rainfall conditions result in engineering geological hazards,which is one of the hot and difficult issues in geotechnical engineering field. Based on the principle of energy dissipation,the seepage,chemical and damage effects in the softening process of soft rock are studied. The main seepage,chemical and damage energy variables are extracted. The effect of seepage-chemical-damage on the softening process of soft rock and the mechanism of energy dissipation are discussed. The energy dissipation process is analyzed with triaxial test of soft rock. The results show that under the combined action of seepage-chemicaldamage effect,water forms seepage in soft rock,which accelerates the softening process. The chemical interaction between soft rock and seepage accelerates the development of fracture-pore damage. The development of fracturepore damage in soft rock in turn promotes the seepage and chemical action. From the energy point of view,the ultimate strain energy of soft rock can be reduced after softening. Seepage provides energy,but also consumes the energy of soft rock itself through chemical effect,which reduces strength and caused damage. Therefore,the softening process of soft rock is a process of energy dissipation. In this process,the fluctuation and dissipation of seepage,chemical and mechanical damage energy,material exchange and non-linear positive feedback make soft rock undergo phase transition from equilibrium to non-equilibrium,and finally soften and destroy intact soft rock to form dissipative structure.
Red bed soft rock has the characteristics of softening when it encounters water. The comprehensive effects of seepage,chemical and mechanical damage under rainfall conditions result in engineering geological hazards,which is one of the hot and difficult issues in geotechnical engineering field. Based on the principle of energy dissipation,the seepage,chemical and damage effects in the softening process of soft rock are studied. The main seepage,chemical and damage energy variables are extracted. The effect of seepage-chemical-damage on the softening process of soft rock and the mechanism of energy dissipation are discussed. The energy dissipation process is analyzed with triaxial test of soft rock. The results show that under the combined action of seepage-chemicaldamage effect,water forms seepage in soft rock,which accelerates the softening process. The chemical interaction between soft rock and seepage accelerates the development of fracture-pore damage. The development of fracturepore damage in soft rock in turn promotes the seepage and chemical action. From the energy point of view,the ultimate strain energy of soft rock can be reduced after softening. Seepage provides energy,but also consumes the energy of soft rock itself through chemical effect,which reduces strength and caused damage. Therefore,the softening process of soft rock is a process of energy dissipation. In this process,the fluctuation and dissipation of seepage,chemical and mechanical damage energy,material exchange and non-linear positive feedback make soft rock undergo phase transition from equilibrium to non-equilibrium,and finally soften and destroy intact soft rock to form dissipative structure.
引文
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Guo H Y,Zhao J,Liu P Y.2018.Experimental studies and chemical analysis of water on weakening behaviors of deep soft rock[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,37(S1):3374-3381.
Guo Y C,Xie Q,Wen J Q.2008.Laboratory experimental study on disintegration characteristics of red mudstone[J].Subgrade Engineering,(2):53-55.
He M C,Jing H H,Sun X M.2000.Research progress of soft rock engineering geomechanics in China coal mine[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,8(1):46-62.
Huang H F,Ju N P,Li L,et al.2018.Improved harris function based statistical damage softening model for rocks[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,26(2):520-527.
Huang M,Zhang J W.2015.Disintegration tests and energy dissipation characteristics of soft rock in acid and alkali solution[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,36(9):2607-2612.
Jiang J S,Zhang W G,Guo Y M,et al.2000.The quantitative research of fatigue damage for metal materials[J].Materials Science&Engineering,18(1):43-46.
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Liu H B,Xiao M.2010.Stability assessment of surrounding rock of underground cavern complexes based on energy-dissipation model[C]∥2010 Asia-Pacific Power and Energy Engineering Conference.[S.L.]:IEEE.
Liu Q S,Wang C G.2002.Theoretical and experimental study on timetemperature equivalent principle for rock[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,21(2):193-198.
Liu X L.2008.Research on theory and application of water-rock coupled processes and the multi-scale behavior[D].Beijing:Tsinghua Universtity.
Liu X M,Xiong L,Liu J H,et al.2011.Slacking mechanism of red sandstone based on energy dissipation principle[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),42(10):3143-3149.
Mironenko M V,Zolotov M Y.2012.Equilibrium-kinetic model of waterrock interaction[J].Geochemistry International,50(1):1-7.
Murakami S.1988.Mechanical Modeling of Material Damage[J].Journal of Applied Mechanics,55(2):280-286.
Okubo S,Fukui K,Hashiba K.2008.Development of a transparent triaxial cell and observation of rock deformation in compression and creep tests[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,45(3):351-361.
Pan Y,Liu Z,Zhou C Y.2017.Experimental study of disintegration characteristics of red-bed soft rock within water and its interface model[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,38(11):3231-3239.
Rashid K,Abu Al-Rub,George Z,et al.2003.On the coupling of anisotropic damage and plasticity models for ductile materials[J].International Journal of Solids and Structures,40:2611-2643.
Scislewski A,Zuddas P.2010.Estimation of reactive mineral surface area during water-rock interaction using fluid chemical data[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,74(24):6996-7007.
Shen P W,Tang H M,Wang D J,et al.2017.Disintegration characteristics of red-bed mudstone of Badong Formation under wetdry cycles[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,38(7):1990-1998.
Song D Z,Wang E Y,Liu J.2012.Relationship between EMR and dissipated energy of coal rock mass during cyclic loading process[J].Safety Science,50(4):751-760.
Wang J G,Liang B.2009.Analysis of coupled seepage and stress firelds in rock mass by considering hydrodynamic seepage pressure[J].Journal of Liaoning Technical University(Natural Science),28(S):178-180.
Wang J X,Zhang K,Liang W M,et al.2012.Experimental study on creep life of granite under directuniaxial tension[J].Advanced Materials Research,598:293-298.
Xie H P,Ju Y,Li L Y.2005.Criteria for strength and structural failure of rocks based on energy dessipation and energy release principles[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,24(17):3003-3010.
Xie H P,Peng R D,Ju Y.2004.Energy dissipation of rock deformation and fracture[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,23(21):3565-3570.
Yang H,Cao P,Jiang X L.2009.Calculation of stress intensity factor for crack under chemical corrosive of water-rock interaction[J].Journal of University of South China(Science and Technology),23(2):14-17.
Yi C C,Liu Z,Zhou C Y.2016.Probability analysis of the inclination angle of failure surface of rock mass in hydraulic-mechanical coupling condition[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,24(6):1262-1268.
Zhang X P,Wang S J,Liu Q S.2018.A continuing measure method for acoustic wave velocity measurement during cracking processes of rock[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,26(1):91-96.
Zhao Z H,Xie H P.2008.Energy transfer and energy dissipation in rock deformation and fracture[J].Journal of Sichuan University(Engineering Science Edition),40(2):26-31.
Zheng S H,Zhu W S.2001.Theoretical analysis on a coupled seepagedamage model of fractured rock mass[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,20(2):156-159.
Zhou C Y,Deng Y M,Tan X S,et al.2004.Testing study on variation regularities of solution components in saturation of soft rocks[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,23(22):3813-3817.
Zhou C Y,Deng Y M,Tan X S,et al.2005a.Experimental research on the softening of mechanical properties of saturated soft rocks and application[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,24(1):33-38.
Zhou C Y,Tan X S,Deng Y M,et al.2005b.Research on softening micro-mechanism of special soft rocks[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,24(3):394-400.
Zhou C Y,Zhang Y M.2007.Research on entropy catastrophic regularity and failure criterion in the deformation and failure process of rocks[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,28(12):2506-2510.
Zhou C Y,Zhu F X,Zhang L.2010.Research on saturation test and softening critical phenomena of soft rocks[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,31(6):1709-1715.
Zhou H,Tang Y C,Hu D W,et al.2006.Study on coupled penetrationdissolving model and experiment for salt rock cracks[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,25(5):946-950.
Zhu F X.2009.Study on softening mechanism and mechanical coupling effect of special soft rocks[D].Guangzhou:Sun Yat-sen University.
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