人工快渗处理系统厌氧氨氧化的启动及菌群结构分析
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摘要
采用上行流人工快渗处理系统(CRI),接种好氧硝化污泥与异养反硝化污泥的混合污泥(体积比为1∶2),考察了低进水基质(NH~+_4-N、NO~-_2-N)浓度下启动厌氧氨氧化的可行性及稳定运行期间的菌群结构特征。结果表明:系统运行92 d后可成功实现厌氧氨氧化启动,稳定运行期NH~+_4-N、NO~-_2-N、TN平均去除率分别为98.1%、98.6%、91.5%。生物膜中血红素的含量随运行时间的增加而逐渐升高,运行至92 d时达(1.21±0.02)μmol/g,相对应的比厌氧氨氧化活性为(95.13±0.95) mg/(g·d)。从稳定运行的厌氧氨氧化系统5个不同高度滤料层共检出45个门、127个纲、322个属,其中Candidatus Brocadia在脱氮功能菌属中以1.25%～5.33%的相对丰度占绝对优势,为厌氧氨氧化去除NH~+_4-N、NO~-_2-N提供了基础。
The up-flow constructed rapid infiltration(CRI) system was inoculated with the mixed sludge of aerobic nitrification and heterotrophic denitrifying sludge(at volume ratio 1∶2), and the start-up feasibility of anaerobic ammonia oxidation(ANAMMOX) under low influent substrates(NH~+_4-N, NO~-_2-N) concentration and the characteristics of bacterial community structure during stable operation were investigated. The results showed that ANAMMOX start-up could be achieved successfully after 92 days, and the average removal rates of NH~+_4-N, NO~-_2-N and TN were 98.1%, 98.6% and 91.5%,respectively, during the stable operation period. The content of Heme in the biofilm increased with the increase of operation time, which was up to(1.21±0.02) μmol/g after running for 92 days, and the corresponding specific ANAMMOX activity was(95.13±0.95) mg/(g·d). Total 45 phyla, 127 classes and 322 genera were detected from 5 different filter layers of the stable ANAMMOX system, among which Candidatus Brocadia was dominant with the relative abundance of 1.25%～5.33%, which provided reference for NH~+_4-N and NO~-_2-N removal via ANAMMOX.
The up-flow constructed rapid infiltration(CRI) system was inoculated with the mixed sludge of aerobic nitrification and heterotrophic denitrifying sludge(at volume ratio 1∶2), and the start-up feasibility of anaerobic ammonia oxidation(ANAMMOX) under low influent substrates(NH~+_4-N, NO~-_2-N) concentration and the characteristics of bacterial community structure during stable operation were investigated. The results showed that ANAMMOX start-up could be achieved successfully after 92 days, and the average removal rates of NH~+_4-N, NO~-_2-N and TN were 98.1%, 98.6% and 91.5%,respectively, during the stable operation period. The content of Heme in the biofilm increased with the increase of operation time, which was up to(1.21±0.02) μmol/g after running for 92 days, and the corresponding specific ANAMMOX activity was(95.13±0.95) mg/(g·d). Total 45 phyla, 127 classes and 322 genera were detected from 5 different filter layers of the stable ANAMMOX system, among which Candidatus Brocadia was dominant with the relative abundance of 1.25%～5.33%, which provided reference for NH~+_4-N and NO~-_2-N removal via ANAMMOX.
引文
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[3] 陈佼, 张建强, 文海燕, 等. 羟胺抑制协同pH调控对人工快渗系统短程硝化的影响[J]. 环境科学学报, 2016, 36(10):3728-3735.
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[8] 解庆林, 李小霞, 李艳红, 等. 基于ASBR反应器的厌氧氨氧化启动及特性研究[J]. 环境科学学报, 2009, 29(4):759-763.
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[13] Connan R, Dabert P, Khalil H, et al. Batch enrichment of anammox bacteria and study of the underlying microbial community dynamics[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2016, 297:217-228.
[14] 张泽文, 李冬, 张杰, 等. 接种单一/混合污泥对厌氧氨氧化反应器快速启动的影响[J]. 环境科学, 2017, 38(12):5215-5221.
[15] 冯莉, 于德爽, 李津, 等. 海洋厌氧氨氧化菌的富集培养及其脱氮特性[J]. 环境科学, 2017, 38(6):2435-2443.
[16] Zhang Q Q, Chen H, Liu J H, et al. The robustness of ANAMMOX process under the transient oxytetracycline (OTC) shock[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2014, 153(2):39-46.
[17] Gonzalez-Martinez A, Rodriguez-Sanchez A, Rivadeneyra M A, et al. 16S rRNA gene-based characterization of bacteria potentially associated with phosphate and carbonate precipitation from a granular autotrophic nitrogen removal bioreactor[J]. Applied Microbiology & Biotechnology, 2017, 101(2):817-829.
[18] Jin W, Bao J, Su J, et al. Impact of inorganic nitrogen additions on microbes in biological soil crusts[J]. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 2015, 88:303-313.
[19] Xiao Y, Liu X, Ma L, et al. Microbial communities from different subsystems in biological heap leaching system play different roles in iron and sulfur metabolisms[J]. Applied Microbiology & Biotechnology, 2016, 100(15):6871-6880.
[20] Gonzalez-Martinez A, Osorio F, Rodriguez-Sanchez A, et al. Bacterial community structure of a lab-scale anammox membrane bioreactor[J]. Biotechnology Progress, 2015, 31(1):186-193.
[21] Liu B, Mao Y, Bergaust L, et al. Strains in the genus Thauera exhibit remarkably different denitrification regulatory phenotypes[J]. Environmental Microbiology, 2013, 15(10):2816-2828.
[22] Chu L, Wang J. Denitrification of groundwater using a biodegradable polymer as a carbon source: long-term performance and microbial diversity[J]. Rsc Advances, 2017, 7(84):53454-53462.
[23] Coates J D, Chakraborty R, Lack J G, et al. Anaerobic benzene oxidation coupled to nitrate reduction in pure culture by two strains of Dechloromonas[J]. Nature, 2001, 411(6841):1039-1043.
[2] 林明, 李建, 骆灵喜, 等. 人工快渗一体化设备在农村污水处理中的应用[J]. 环境工程, 2017, 35(5):44-47.
[3] 陈佼, 张建强, 文海燕, 等. 羟胺抑制协同pH调控对人工快渗系统短程硝化的影响[J]. 环境科学学报, 2016, 36(10):3728-3735.
[4] Kartal B, Maalcke W J, Almeida N M D, et al. Molecular mechanism of anaerobic ammonium oxidation[J]. Nature, 2011, 479(7371):127-130.
[5] Tang C J, Duan C S, Yu C, et al. Removal of nitrogen from wastewaters by anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX) using granules in upflow reactors[J]. Environmental Chemistry Letters, 2017, 15(2):311-328.
[6] Ding C, Enyi F O, Adrian L. Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) with planktonic cells in a redox-stable semicontinuous stirred-tank reactor[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2018, 52(10):5671-5681.
[7] Tang C J, Zheng P, Wang C H, et al. Performance of high-loaded ANAMMOX UASB reactors containing granular sludge[J]. Water Research, 2011, 45(1):135-144.
[8] 解庆林, 李小霞, 李艳红, 等. 基于ASBR反应器的厌氧氨氧化启动及特性研究[J]. 环境科学学报, 2009, 29(4):759-763.
[9] Phan T N, van Truong T T, Ha N B, et al. High rate nitrogen removal by ANAMMOX internal circulation reactor (IC) for old landfill leachate treatment[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2017, 234:281-288.
[10] 陈佼. 人工快渗系统PN-ANAMMOX耦合脱氮性能及机理研究[D]. 成都: 西南交通大学, 2018.
[11] Ibrahim M, Yusof N, Mohd Z, et al. Enrichment of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) bacteria for short start-up of the anammox process: a review[J]. Desalination & Water Treatment, 2016, 57(30):13958-13978.
[12] Berry E A, Trumpower B L. Simultaneous determination of hemes a, b, and c from pyridine hemochrome spectra[J]. Analytical Biochemistry, 1987, 161(1):1-15.
[13] Connan R, Dabert P, Khalil H, et al. Batch enrichment of anammox bacteria and study of the underlying microbial community dynamics[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2016, 297:217-228.
[14] 张泽文, 李冬, 张杰, 等. 接种单一/混合污泥对厌氧氨氧化反应器快速启动的影响[J]. 环境科学, 2017, 38(12):5215-5221.
[15] 冯莉, 于德爽, 李津, 等. 海洋厌氧氨氧化菌的富集培养及其脱氮特性[J]. 环境科学, 2017, 38(6):2435-2443.
[16] Zhang Q Q, Chen H, Liu J H, et al. The robustness of ANAMMOX process under the transient oxytetracycline (OTC) shock[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2014, 153(2):39-46.
[17] Gonzalez-Martinez A, Rodriguez-Sanchez A, Rivadeneyra M A, et al. 16S rRNA gene-based characterization of bacteria potentially associated with phosphate and carbonate precipitation from a granular autotrophic nitrogen removal bioreactor[J]. Applied Microbiology & Biotechnology, 2017, 101(2):817-829.
[18] Jin W, Bao J, Su J, et al. Impact of inorganic nitrogen additions on microbes in biological soil crusts[J]. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 2015, 88:303-313.
[19] Xiao Y, Liu X, Ma L, et al. Microbial communities from different subsystems in biological heap leaching system play different roles in iron and sulfur metabolisms[J]. Applied Microbiology & Biotechnology, 2016, 100(15):6871-6880.
[20] Gonzalez-Martinez A, Osorio F, Rodriguez-Sanchez A, et al. Bacterial community structure of a lab-scale anammox membrane bioreactor[J]. Biotechnology Progress, 2015, 31(1):186-193.
[21] Liu B, Mao Y, Bergaust L, et al. Strains in the genus Thauera exhibit remarkably different denitrification regulatory phenotypes[J]. Environmental Microbiology, 2013, 15(10):2816-2828.
[22] Chu L, Wang J. Denitrification of groundwater using a biodegradable polymer as a carbon source: long-term performance and microbial diversity[J]. Rsc Advances, 2017, 7(84):53454-53462.
[23] Coates J D, Chakraborty R, Lack J G, et al. Anaerobic benzene oxidation coupled to nitrate reduction in pure culture by two strains of Dechloromonas[J]. Nature, 2001, 411(6841):1039-1043.