云南省西畴县蝴蝶群落结构与多样性
|
摘要
【目的】了解西畴县蝴蝶多样性。【方法】于2016年9月—2017年10月,对云南省西畴县蝴蝶资源进行了实地调查。【结果】共采集标本962号,隶属10科86属152种。其中优势类群为蛱蝶科,19属33种,其次为眼蝶科,8属26种。个体数量最多的是钩翅眼蛱蝶,其次为东方菜粉蝶。多样性存在时空差异,在沿海拔分布上,以1 400～1 600 m范围物种丰富度(16.276 2)和多样性指数(4.025 4)最高,以800～1 000 m范围最低;在行政区域上,以蚌谷乡的丰度指数(13.413 2)和多样性指数(3.6827)最高,以法斗乡最低。在时间分布上,以9月的多样性指数为最高,但5月、7月、9月相近,差异较小,仅10月物种丰富。【结论】西畴县具有较高的蝴蝶多样性,但多样性在不同海拔、行政区域和时间上存在明显差异,可能与当地生态环境、人类干扰和蝴蝶自身特性有关。
【Objective】In order to determine the butterfly diversity of Xichou County.【Method】The species of butterfly in Xichou County,Yunnan Province were studied based on the collection from September 2016 to October 2017.【Result】A total of 962 butterfly specimens were collected,of which152 species belonging to 86 genera in 10 families were identified. Nymphalidae was the dominant family,with the 33 species of 19 genera,and the second was Satyridae,with 26 species of 8 genera.The dominant species was Junonia iphita Cramer,and followed by Pieris canidia Sparrman. There were temporal and spatial differences in butterfly diversity. The Margalef richness index(16.276 2)and Shannon diversity index(4.025 4) were the highest in the altitude range of 1 400-1 600 m,and the lowest in the altitude range of 800-100 0 m. In the administrative region,Margalef richness index(13.413 2) and Shannon diversity index(3.682 7) were the highest in Benggu Township and the lowest in Fadou Township. In terms of time distribution,the Shannon diversity index in September was the highest,and the Shannon diversity index in May and July was similar to that in September,but the difference was not significant.. The Margalef richness index and Shannon diversity index in October were the lowest.【Conclusion】The results show that Xichou County has a high diversity of butterflies,but there are obvious differences in diversity at different altitudes,administrative regions and time,which may be related to the local ecological environment,human disturbance and the characteristics of butterflies themselves.
【Objective】In order to determine the butterfly diversity of Xichou County.【Method】The species of butterfly in Xichou County,Yunnan Province were studied based on the collection from September 2016 to October 2017.【Result】A total of 962 butterfly specimens were collected,of which152 species belonging to 86 genera in 10 families were identified. Nymphalidae was the dominant family,with the 33 species of 19 genera,and the second was Satyridae,with 26 species of 8 genera.The dominant species was Junonia iphita Cramer,and followed by Pieris canidia Sparrman. There were temporal and spatial differences in butterfly diversity. The Margalef richness index(16.276 2)and Shannon diversity index(4.025 4) were the highest in the altitude range of 1 400-1 600 m,and the lowest in the altitude range of 800-100 0 m. In the administrative region,Margalef richness index(13.413 2) and Shannon diversity index(3.682 7) were the highest in Benggu Township and the lowest in Fadou Township. In terms of time distribution,the Shannon diversity index in September was the highest,and the Shannon diversity index in May and July was similar to that in September,but the difference was not significant.. The Margalef richness index and Shannon diversity index in October were the lowest.【Conclusion】The results show that Xichou County has a high diversity of butterflies,but there are obvious differences in diversity at different altitudes,administrative regions and time,which may be related to the local ecological environment,human disturbance and the characteristics of butterflies themselves.
引文
[1]刘乃一,刘子豪,虞磊,等.鹞落坪国家级自然保护区蝶类的物种多样性及区系组成[J].基因组学与应用生物学,2018,37(5):1941-1946.
[2]陈振宁,曾阳,鲍敏,等.青海互助北山国家森林公园不同生境的蝶类多样性研究[J].生物多样性,2006,14(6):517-524.
[3]CAM V S,NOWICKI P,SETTELE J,et al.Butterfly monitoring in Europe:Methods,applications and perspective[sJ].Biodiversi-ty and Conservation,2008,17:3455-3469.
[4]KUMAR S,SIMONSON S E,STOHLGREN T J.Effects of spatial heterogeneity on butterfly species richness in Rocky Mountain National Park,CO,USA[J].Biodivers Conserv,2009(18):739-763.
[5]张立微,张红玉.蝶类对生境的指示作用研究进展[J].生物学杂志,2016,33(3):88-91.
[6]DFR C,MOOERS A.Butterfly species richness and community composition in forests affected by ENSO-induced burning and habitat isolation in Borneo[J].Journal of Tropical Ecology,2004,20:359-367.
[7]漆波,杨萍,邓合黎.长江三峡库区蝶类群落的物种多样性[J].生态学报,2006,26(9):3049-3059.
[8]查玉平,骆启桂,王国秀,等.后河国家级自然保护区蝴蝶群落多样性研究[J].应用生态学报,2006,17(2):265-268.
[9]李志刚,李军,张碧胜,等.广州市蝴蝶群落结构与多样性[J].生态学杂志,2008,27(6):1047-1050.
[10]和秋菊,易传辉,王珊,等.昆明市区蝴蝶群落多样性研究[J].西北林学院学报,2008,23(3):147-150.
[11]李密,周红春,谭济才,等.湖南乌云界蝴蝶物种多样性及区系特点研究[J].四川动物,2011,30(6):897-902,915.
[12]翁锦泅,吕文龙,胡诗佳,等.广东古田自然保护区蝶类群落多样性[J].生态学杂志,2017,36(1):132-136.
[13]陈勇,安科,张辉.云南生物多样性的现状及发展前景[J].山东林业科技,2010,40(2):100-103.
[14]杨大荣.西双版纳片断热带雨林蝶类群落结构与多样性研究[J].昆虫学报,1998,41(1):48-55.
[15]易传辉,史军义,陈晓鸣,等.昆明金殿国家森林公园蝴蝶群落研究[J].林业科学研究,2008,21(5):647-651.
[16]云南省林业厅,中国科学院动物研究所.云南森林昆虫[M].昆明:云南科技出版社,1987.
[17]李传隆.云南蝴蝶[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1995:26-27.
[18]卢盛贤,李学武,马军,等.滇东南文山地区蝴蝶多样性及其保护对策[J].文山师范高等专科学校学报,2005,18(1):29-31.
[19]王顺江,李代玺.西畴县灾害性天气预报经验[J].云南地理环境研究,2007(S1):71-76.
[20]西畴县人民政府网.自然资源[EB/OL].[2018-08-12].http://www.xczw.gov.cn/Item/6749.aspx,2015.
[21]周尧.中国蝴蝶分类与鉴定[M].郑州:河南科技出版社,1998.
[22]周尧.中国蝶类志[M].郑州:河南科学技术出版,2000.
[23]王敏,范骁凌.中国灰蝶志[M].郑州:河南科学技术出版社,2001.
[24]武春生.中国动物志昆虫纲(第二十五卷)鳞翅目(凤蝶科)[M].北京:科学技术出版社,2001.
[25]武春生,徐培峰.中国蝴蝶图鉴[M].福州:海峡出版集团、海峡书局,2017.
[26]马克平.生物群落多样性的测度方法Ⅰα多样性的测度方法(上)[J].生物多样性,1994,2(3):162-168.
[27]马克平,刘玉明.生物群落多样性的测度方法Ⅰα多样性的测度方法(下)[J].生物多样性,1994,2(4):231-239.
[28]李锡文.中国特有种子植物属在云南的两大生物多样性中心及其特征[J].云南植物研究,1994,16(3):221-227.
[29]刘广超,陈建伟.我国西部地区生物多样性热点地区的评定与划分[J].西部林业科学,2004,33(3):18-25.
[30]王艳霞,丁琨,周汝良.基于地形、水热指标的陆地生物多样性富集度评估-以云南为例[J].云南大学报(自然科学版),2017,39(3):481-493.
[31]杨自忠,毛本勇.西双版纳勐腊自然保护区蝶类调查[J].大理师专学报,2000(3):88-92.
[32]董大志,大卫·卡凡诺,李恒.云南怒江峡谷的蝴蝶资源[J].西南农业大学学报,2002,24(4):289-292.
[33]VOGEL J A,DEBINSKI D M,KOFORD RR,et al.Butterfly responses to prairie restoration through fire and grazing[J].Biological Conservation,2007,140:78-90.
[34]WEIBULL A C,BENGTSSON J,NOHLGREN E.Diversity of butterflies in the agricultural landscape:The role of farming system and landscape heterogeneity[J].Ecography,2000,23:743-750.
[35]VU L V.Diversity and similarity of butterfly communities in five different habitat types at Tam Dao National Park,Vietnam[J].Journal of Zoology,2009,277:15-22.
[36]云南文山国家级自然保护区网站.云南文山国家级自然保护区野生动植物资源状况[EB/OL].http://124.205.185.3/publicfiles/business/htmlfiles/ynwsbhq/stzy/201307/22162.html,2013.
[37]牛翠娟娄安如孙儒泳,等.基础生态学[M].3版.北京:高等教育出版社,2015.
[38]和秋菊,易传辉,王珊,等.昆明市区蝴蝶群落多样性研究[J].西北林业学院学报,2008,23(3):147-150.
[39]林宏伟,王昌杰,杨莉,等.城市化对台州市蝴蝶多样性的影响[J].四川动物,2018,37(5):541-547.
[2]陈振宁,曾阳,鲍敏,等.青海互助北山国家森林公园不同生境的蝶类多样性研究[J].生物多样性,2006,14(6):517-524.
[3]CAM V S,NOWICKI P,SETTELE J,et al.Butterfly monitoring in Europe:Methods,applications and perspective[sJ].Biodiversi-ty and Conservation,2008,17:3455-3469.
[4]KUMAR S,SIMONSON S E,STOHLGREN T J.Effects of spatial heterogeneity on butterfly species richness in Rocky Mountain National Park,CO,USA[J].Biodivers Conserv,2009(18):739-763.
[5]张立微,张红玉.蝶类对生境的指示作用研究进展[J].生物学杂志,2016,33(3):88-91.
[6]DFR C,MOOERS A.Butterfly species richness and community composition in forests affected by ENSO-induced burning and habitat isolation in Borneo[J].Journal of Tropical Ecology,2004,20:359-367.
[7]漆波,杨萍,邓合黎.长江三峡库区蝶类群落的物种多样性[J].生态学报,2006,26(9):3049-3059.
[8]查玉平,骆启桂,王国秀,等.后河国家级自然保护区蝴蝶群落多样性研究[J].应用生态学报,2006,17(2):265-268.
[9]李志刚,李军,张碧胜,等.广州市蝴蝶群落结构与多样性[J].生态学杂志,2008,27(6):1047-1050.
[10]和秋菊,易传辉,王珊,等.昆明市区蝴蝶群落多样性研究[J].西北林学院学报,2008,23(3):147-150.
[11]李密,周红春,谭济才,等.湖南乌云界蝴蝶物种多样性及区系特点研究[J].四川动物,2011,30(6):897-902,915.
[12]翁锦泅,吕文龙,胡诗佳,等.广东古田自然保护区蝶类群落多样性[J].生态学杂志,2017,36(1):132-136.
[13]陈勇,安科,张辉.云南生物多样性的现状及发展前景[J].山东林业科技,2010,40(2):100-103.
[14]杨大荣.西双版纳片断热带雨林蝶类群落结构与多样性研究[J].昆虫学报,1998,41(1):48-55.
[15]易传辉,史军义,陈晓鸣,等.昆明金殿国家森林公园蝴蝶群落研究[J].林业科学研究,2008,21(5):647-651.
[16]云南省林业厅,中国科学院动物研究所.云南森林昆虫[M].昆明:云南科技出版社,1987.
[17]李传隆.云南蝴蝶[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1995:26-27.
[18]卢盛贤,李学武,马军,等.滇东南文山地区蝴蝶多样性及其保护对策[J].文山师范高等专科学校学报,2005,18(1):29-31.
[19]王顺江,李代玺.西畴县灾害性天气预报经验[J].云南地理环境研究,2007(S1):71-76.
[20]西畴县人民政府网.自然资源[EB/OL].[2018-08-12].http://www.xczw.gov.cn/Item/6749.aspx,2015.
[21]周尧.中国蝴蝶分类与鉴定[M].郑州:河南科技出版社,1998.
[22]周尧.中国蝶类志[M].郑州:河南科学技术出版,2000.
[23]王敏,范骁凌.中国灰蝶志[M].郑州:河南科学技术出版社,2001.
[24]武春生.中国动物志昆虫纲(第二十五卷)鳞翅目(凤蝶科)[M].北京:科学技术出版社,2001.
[25]武春生,徐培峰.中国蝴蝶图鉴[M].福州:海峡出版集团、海峡书局,2017.
[26]马克平.生物群落多样性的测度方法Ⅰα多样性的测度方法(上)[J].生物多样性,1994,2(3):162-168.
[27]马克平,刘玉明.生物群落多样性的测度方法Ⅰα多样性的测度方法(下)[J].生物多样性,1994,2(4):231-239.
[28]李锡文.中国特有种子植物属在云南的两大生物多样性中心及其特征[J].云南植物研究,1994,16(3):221-227.
[29]刘广超,陈建伟.我国西部地区生物多样性热点地区的评定与划分[J].西部林业科学,2004,33(3):18-25.
[30]王艳霞,丁琨,周汝良.基于地形、水热指标的陆地生物多样性富集度评估-以云南为例[J].云南大学报(自然科学版),2017,39(3):481-493.
[31]杨自忠,毛本勇.西双版纳勐腊自然保护区蝶类调查[J].大理师专学报,2000(3):88-92.
[32]董大志,大卫·卡凡诺,李恒.云南怒江峡谷的蝴蝶资源[J].西南农业大学学报,2002,24(4):289-292.
[33]VOGEL J A,DEBINSKI D M,KOFORD RR,et al.Butterfly responses to prairie restoration through fire and grazing[J].Biological Conservation,2007,140:78-90.
[34]WEIBULL A C,BENGTSSON J,NOHLGREN E.Diversity of butterflies in the agricultural landscape:The role of farming system and landscape heterogeneity[J].Ecography,2000,23:743-750.
[35]VU L V.Diversity and similarity of butterfly communities in five different habitat types at Tam Dao National Park,Vietnam[J].Journal of Zoology,2009,277:15-22.
[36]云南文山国家级自然保护区网站.云南文山国家级自然保护区野生动植物资源状况[EB/OL].http://124.205.185.3/publicfiles/business/htmlfiles/ynwsbhq/stzy/201307/22162.html,2013.
[37]牛翠娟娄安如孙儒泳,等.基础生态学[M].3版.北京:高等教育出版社,2015.
[38]和秋菊,易传辉,王珊,等.昆明市区蝴蝶群落多样性研究[J].西北林业学院学报,2008,23(3):147-150.
[39]林宏伟,王昌杰,杨莉,等.城市化对台州市蝴蝶多样性的影响[J].四川动物,2018,37(5):541-547.