1999-2016年天山西部植被覆盖的时空变化
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摘要
[目的]调查天山西部生态环境植被覆盖状况,为科学保护区域生态环境和管理提供科学依据。[方法]以天山西部林区—霍城林场为研究对象,基于1999,2007和2016年3个时期的Landsat TM遥感影像和DEM数据,运用归一化植被指数分析研究区植被覆盖情况和空时变化特征。[结果]时间变化上,1999—2016年期间霍城林场植被覆盖以Ⅱ和Ⅲ级为主,所占比重达到55%以上,总体上是呈现上升趋势;空间分布上,霍城林场因海拔、坡度和坡向等地形因子的不同而出现不同的分布和变化特征,当海拔在1 500~2 000m和2 000~2 500m或者坡度30°~45°的区域时,植被覆盖度相对较高;当海拔<1 500m以及>2 500m或坡度<30°的区域时,植被覆盖度相对较低;植被覆盖度随着坡向的变化而变化着,呈现出阴坡>半阴坡>半阳坡>阳坡的分布特征;当海拔<1 500m和坡度<30°的区域时,植被覆盖度变化较为明显,而当海拔>2 500m和坡度>45°的区域时,因受人为社会活动影响小,植被覆盖变化不明显。[结论]1999—2016年期间,霍城林场植被覆盖在时间变化上总体呈现上升趋势,在空间分布上因海拔、坡度和坡向等地形因子的不同呈现不同的分布和变化特征。
[Objective]The research investigated the vegetation coverage status of ecological environment in the study area in order to provide scientific evidences for environmental protection and management.[Methods]Taken a Western Tianshan mountains forest,Huoheng forestry farm as study area,the research applied the normalized vegetation index to analyze the status of vegetation coverage and spatio-temporal variational characteristics based on remote sensing images of TM/OLI and DEM data in 1999,2007 and 2016 years.[Results]In temporal aspect,the vegetation coverage of Huocheng forest were mainly of gradeⅡand gradeⅢ.The two grades accounted for more than 55% of the total coverage and generally showed an increasing trend.In spatial distribution aspect,the vegetation coverage presented different distribution and variation characteristics due to the differences of altitude,slope and terrain factors.Vegetation coverage of area was relatively high at the districts with altitude from 1 500 to 2 000 mor from 2 000 to 2 500 m,or when slope is between30°to 45°.Otherwise,the vegetation coverage was relatively low.The vegetation coverage had a rank on following slopes:shady>semi-shady>semi-sunny slope>sunny slope.When altitude was less than 1 500 mand slope was greater than 30°,the change trend of vegetation coverage was obviously.However,when altitude was greater than 2 500 mand slope was more steep than 45°,the change trend of vegetation coverage was less significant resulting from the influence of human activities.[Conclusion]During the period from1999 to 2016,the vegetation coverage of Huocheng forest farm showed an overall upward trend in time.In terms of spatial distribution,there are different distribution and variation characteristics due to different terrain factors such as altitude,slope and slope direction.
[Objective]The research investigated the vegetation coverage status of ecological environment in the study area in order to provide scientific evidences for environmental protection and management.[Methods]Taken a Western Tianshan mountains forest,Huoheng forestry farm as study area,the research applied the normalized vegetation index to analyze the status of vegetation coverage and spatio-temporal variational characteristics based on remote sensing images of TM/OLI and DEM data in 1999,2007 and 2016 years.[Results]In temporal aspect,the vegetation coverage of Huocheng forest were mainly of gradeⅡand gradeⅢ.The two grades accounted for more than 55% of the total coverage and generally showed an increasing trend.In spatial distribution aspect,the vegetation coverage presented different distribution and variation characteristics due to the differences of altitude,slope and terrain factors.Vegetation coverage of area was relatively high at the districts with altitude from 1 500 to 2 000 mor from 2 000 to 2 500 m,or when slope is between30°to 45°.Otherwise,the vegetation coverage was relatively low.The vegetation coverage had a rank on following slopes:shady>semi-shady>semi-sunny slope>sunny slope.When altitude was less than 1 500 mand slope was greater than 30°,the change trend of vegetation coverage was obviously.However,when altitude was greater than 2 500 mand slope was more steep than 45°,the change trend of vegetation coverage was less significant resulting from the influence of human activities.[Conclusion]During the period from1999 to 2016,the vegetation coverage of Huocheng forest farm showed an overall upward trend in time.In terms of spatial distribution,there are different distribution and variation characteristics due to different terrain factors such as altitude,slope and slope direction.
引文
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[14]李苗苗,吴炳方,颜长珍,等.密云水库上游植被覆盖度的遥感估算[J].资源科学,2004,26(4):153-159.
[15]Qian Yuguo,Zhou Weiqi,Li Weifeng,et al.Understanding the dynamic of greens-pace in the urbanized area of Beijing based on high resolution sat-ellite images[J].Urban Forestry&Urban Greening,2015,14(1):39-47.
[16]李培先,郑江华,刘萍.2000—2014年乌鲁木齐市植被覆盖度时空变化分析[J].林业资源管理,2016(4):88-95.
[17]贾宝全,邱尔发,张红旗.基于归一化植被指数的西安市域植被变化[J].林业科学,2012,48(10):6-12.
[18]穆少杰,李建龙,陈奕兆,等.2001—2010年内蒙古植被覆盖度时空变化特征[J].地理学报,2012,67(9):1255-1268.
[19]张丽,何晓旭,魏鸣.基于NDVI的淮河流域植被覆盖度动态变化[J].长江流域资源与环境,2012,21(S1):51-56.
[20]甘春英,王兮之,李保生,等.连江流域近18年来植被覆盖度变化分析[J].地理科学,2011,31(8):1019-1024.
[21]张飞,塔西甫拉提·特依拜,丁建丽,等.新疆典型盐渍区植被覆盖度遥感动态监测:以渭干河—库车河三角洲绿洲为例[J].林业科学,2011,47(7):27-35.
[22]阳小琼,朱文泉,潘耀忠,等.基于修正的亚像元模型的植被覆盖度估算[J].应用生态学报,2008,19(8):1860-1864.
[23]毛留喜,侯英雨,钱拴,等.牧草产量的遥感估算与载畜能力研究[J].农业工程学报,2008,24(8):147-151.
[24]牛宝茹,刘俊蓉,王政伟.干旱半干旱地区植被覆盖度遥感信息提取研究[J].武汉大学学报:信息科学版,2005,30(1):27-30.
[25]熊友胜,何丙辉.运用RS和GIS进行植被覆盖分级研究:以重庆合川市为例[J].西南农业大学学报,2003,25(2):168-171.
[26]章文波,符素华,刘宝元.目估法测量植被覆盖度的精度分析[J].北京师范大学学报:自然科学版,2001,37(3):402-408.
[27]胡玉福,邓良基,刘宇,等.基于RS和GIS的大渡河上游植被覆盖时空变化[J].林业科学,2015,51(7):49-59.
[2]马明国,董立新,王雪梅.过去21年中国西北植被覆盖动态监测与模拟[J].冰川冻土,2003(2):232-236.
[3]张亚玲,苏惠敏,张小勇.1998—2012年黄河流域植被覆盖变化时空分析[J].中国沙漠,2014,34(2):597-602.
[4]温小乐,姜兴强,徐涵秋.基于TM影像的长乐市植被覆盖度变化研究[J].遥感信息,2013,28(6):56-61.
[5]杨光华,包安明,陈曦,等.1998—2007年新疆植被覆盖变化及驱动因素分析[J].冰川冻土,2009,31(3):436-445.
[6]李春晖,杨志峰.黄河流域NDVI时空变化及其与降水/径流关系[J].地理研究,2004,23(6):753-759.
[7]包安明,张小雷,方晖,等.MODIS数据在新疆生态环境建设中的应用[J].干旱区地理,2004,27(2):256-260.
[8]李向婷,白洁,李光录,等.新疆荒漠稀疏植被覆盖度信息遥感提取方法比较[J].干旱区地理,2013,36(3):502-511.
[9]杨峰,李建龙,杨文钰,等.基于线性光谱混合模型的荒漠草地覆盖度估测[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(7):243-247.
[10]田庆久,闵祥军.植被指数研究进展[J].地球科学进展,1998,13(4):10-16.
[11]常伟.基于像元二分模型的枯落层盖度反演研究[D].陕西西安:西北大学,2017.
[12]Zhang Xianfeng,Liao Chunhua,Li jonathan,et al.Fractional vegetation cover estimation in arid and semiarid environments using HJ-1satellite hyperspectral data[J].International Journal of Applied Earth Observations&Geoinformation,2013,21(1):506-512.
[13]王新军,赵成义,杨瑞红,等.基于像元二分法的沙地植被景观格局特征变化分析[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(3):285-294.
[14]李苗苗,吴炳方,颜长珍,等.密云水库上游植被覆盖度的遥感估算[J].资源科学,2004,26(4):153-159.
[15]Qian Yuguo,Zhou Weiqi,Li Weifeng,et al.Understanding the dynamic of greens-pace in the urbanized area of Beijing based on high resolution sat-ellite images[J].Urban Forestry&Urban Greening,2015,14(1):39-47.
[16]李培先,郑江华,刘萍.2000—2014年乌鲁木齐市植被覆盖度时空变化分析[J].林业资源管理,2016(4):88-95.
[17]贾宝全,邱尔发,张红旗.基于归一化植被指数的西安市域植被变化[J].林业科学,2012,48(10):6-12.
[18]穆少杰,李建龙,陈奕兆,等.2001—2010年内蒙古植被覆盖度时空变化特征[J].地理学报,2012,67(9):1255-1268.
[19]张丽,何晓旭,魏鸣.基于NDVI的淮河流域植被覆盖度动态变化[J].长江流域资源与环境,2012,21(S1):51-56.
[20]甘春英,王兮之,李保生,等.连江流域近18年来植被覆盖度变化分析[J].地理科学,2011,31(8):1019-1024.
[21]张飞,塔西甫拉提·特依拜,丁建丽,等.新疆典型盐渍区植被覆盖度遥感动态监测:以渭干河—库车河三角洲绿洲为例[J].林业科学,2011,47(7):27-35.
[22]阳小琼,朱文泉,潘耀忠,等.基于修正的亚像元模型的植被覆盖度估算[J].应用生态学报,2008,19(8):1860-1864.
[23]毛留喜,侯英雨,钱拴,等.牧草产量的遥感估算与载畜能力研究[J].农业工程学报,2008,24(8):147-151.
[24]牛宝茹,刘俊蓉,王政伟.干旱半干旱地区植被覆盖度遥感信息提取研究[J].武汉大学学报:信息科学版,2005,30(1):27-30.
[25]熊友胜,何丙辉.运用RS和GIS进行植被覆盖分级研究:以重庆合川市为例[J].西南农业大学学报,2003,25(2):168-171.
[26]章文波,符素华,刘宝元.目估法测量植被覆盖度的精度分析[J].北京师范大学学报:自然科学版,2001,37(3):402-408.
[27]胡玉福,邓良基,刘宇,等.基于RS和GIS的大渡河上游植被覆盖时空变化[J].林业科学,2015,51(7):49-59.