济南城市四维动态地质信息系统构建研究
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摘要
近20多年,济南泉水流量逐渐衰竭,泉水断流时有发生,为保护泉水,恢复泉水喷涌,塑造济南城市形象,该次研究基于50多年的济南地下水勘查、试验和研究成果,实现对城市多源、海量、多期次、多比例尺、异构地质数据的有效管理,然后建立不同地质数据的专业模型,实现对模型时空展布特征的三维可视化再现,并提供对模型的专业处理与分析。最后,从二维三维等水文地质概念模型出发,加入时间维度,由历史积累的时空关系,反映济南城市地下水的时空变化规律,在三维地质模型的基础上实现地下水动态监测数据的嵌入,构成地下水四维地质信息系统,在其空间表征的基础上,介绍了城市地下水的形成,泉水的分布、成因、演化以及泉水断流的原因、保泉供水的对策措施等,引导城市地下水的保护和发展,为政府决策提供参考。
In recent 20 years,the flow of spring water in Jinan city is gradually exhausting and spring water breaks out.In order to protect the spring water,restore the spring flow,and shape the image of Ji'nan city,based on the groundwater exploration,test and research results in 50 years,effective management of multi-source,massive,multi-period,multi-scale and heterogeneous geological data has been realized,professional models of different geological data have been established,three-dimensional visualization of the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of the model has been realized,and professional processing and analysis of the model have been carried out.The accumulated spatial-temporal relationship reflects the temporal and spatial variation law of groundwater.Finally,based on the two-dimensional and three-dimensional hydrogeological conceptual model,adding the time dimension,temporal and spatial variation law of urban groundwater in Jinan has been reflected from the time-space relationship of historical accumulation.The embedding of groundwater dynamic monitoring data has been realized on the basis of three-dimensional geological model,and form the four-dimensional groundwater geological information system in its space.On the basis of spatial representation,the formation logic of urban groundwater,the distribution,origin,evolution of spring water,the reasons for spring water cut-off and the countermeasures for water supply protection have been introduced.It can guide the protection and development of urban groundwater and provide references for government decision-making.
In recent 20 years,the flow of spring water in Jinan city is gradually exhausting and spring water breaks out.In order to protect the spring water,restore the spring flow,and shape the image of Ji'nan city,based on the groundwater exploration,test and research results in 50 years,effective management of multi-source,massive,multi-period,multi-scale and heterogeneous geological data has been realized,professional models of different geological data have been established,three-dimensional visualization of the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of the model has been realized,and professional processing and analysis of the model have been carried out.The accumulated spatial-temporal relationship reflects the temporal and spatial variation law of groundwater.Finally,based on the two-dimensional and three-dimensional hydrogeological conceptual model,adding the time dimension,temporal and spatial variation law of urban groundwater in Jinan has been reflected from the time-space relationship of historical accumulation.The embedding of groundwater dynamic monitoring data has been realized on the basis of three-dimensional geological model,and form the four-dimensional groundwater geological information system in its space.On the basis of spatial representation,the formation logic of urban groundwater,the distribution,origin,evolution of spring water,the reasons for spring water cut-off and the countermeasures for water supply protection have been introduced.It can guide the protection and development of urban groundwater and provide references for government decision-making.
引文
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[14]李浩.基于三维GIS的济南市矿山地质环境航测调查管理系统设计与实现[J].山东国土资源,2017,33(12):60-64.
[15]齐欢,秦品瑞,赵振华,等.模型嵌套技术在济南趵突泉泉域数值模型中的应用[J].山东国土资源,2017,33(4):52-58.
[16]齐欢,秦品瑞,赵振华,等.基于GMS的玉符河人工补源影响研究[J].山东国土资源,2017,33(11):55-61.
[17]齐欢,秦品瑞,耿付强,等.GMS在白泉湿地公园地下水数值模拟中的应用[J].山东国土资源,2017,33(9):55-61.
[18]吴冲龙,翁正平,刘刚,等.论中国“玻璃国土”建设[J].地质科技情报,2012,31(6):1-8.
[19]柳庆武,吴冲龙,李绍虎.基于钻孔资料的三维数字地层格架自动生成技术研究[J].石油实验地质,2003,25(5):501-504.
[20]李浩.东营市垦利区三维地籍系统建设的关键技术研究[J].山东国土资源,2018,34(6):71-75.
[21]罗智勇,杨武年.基于钻孔数据的三维地质建模与可视化研究[J].测绘科学,2008,33(2):130-132.
[2]美雅各布斯·阿兰,王又佳,金秋野,译.伟大的街道[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2009:10-23.
[3]何依.四维城市理论及应用研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2012:1-10.
[4]李丰丹,李建强,吕霞,等.基于中国地质调查信息网格的“立体一张图”服务构建与应用[J].中国地质,2014(6):1028-1036.
[5]范新成,陈亚男,路侨.面向时空信息的智慧临沂建设实践[J].山东国土资源,2017,33(11):89-95.
[6]唐丙寅,吴冲龙,李新川,等.一种基于钻孔地质数据的快速递进三维地质建模方法[J].岩土力学,2015(12):3633-3638.
[7]吴冲龙,何珍文,翁正平,等.地质数据三维可视化的属性、分类和关键技术[J].地质通报,2011(5):642-649.
[8]吴冲龙,张洪年,周江羽.盆地模拟的系统观与方法论[J].地球科学——中国地质大学学报,1993,18(6):741-747.
[9] Visvalingam M.Visualization,in GIS,Cartography,and VISC[A]//John Wiley and Sons[C].Visualization in Geographical Information Systems,1994:18-25.
[10] He Zhenwen,Wu Chonglong,Gang Liu.Three-dimensional Re-construction of Geological Solid Based on Topology Reasoning[J].Geo-Spatial Information Science,2008,11(3):201-208.
[11]田宜平,刘海滨,刘刚,等.盆地三维构造——地层格架的矢量剪切原理及方法[J].地球科学——中国地质大学学报,2000,25(3):306-309.
[12] Chiaruttini C,Roberto V,Buso M.Spatial and temporal reasoning techniques in geological modeling[J].Physics and Chemistry of the Earth,1998,23(3):261-266.
[13] Perrin M.Geological consistency:an opportunity for safe surface assembly and quick model exploration[J].3DModeling of Natural Objects,A Challenge for the 2000's,1998,3(6):4-5.
[14]李浩.基于三维GIS的济南市矿山地质环境航测调查管理系统设计与实现[J].山东国土资源,2017,33(12):60-64.
[15]齐欢,秦品瑞,赵振华,等.模型嵌套技术在济南趵突泉泉域数值模型中的应用[J].山东国土资源,2017,33(4):52-58.
[16]齐欢,秦品瑞,赵振华,等.基于GMS的玉符河人工补源影响研究[J].山东国土资源,2017,33(11):55-61.
[17]齐欢,秦品瑞,耿付强,等.GMS在白泉湿地公园地下水数值模拟中的应用[J].山东国土资源,2017,33(9):55-61.
[18]吴冲龙,翁正平,刘刚,等.论中国“玻璃国土”建设[J].地质科技情报,2012,31(6):1-8.
[19]柳庆武,吴冲龙,李绍虎.基于钻孔资料的三维数字地层格架自动生成技术研究[J].石油实验地质,2003,25(5):501-504.
[20]李浩.东营市垦利区三维地籍系统建设的关键技术研究[J].山东国土资源,2018,34(6):71-75.
[21]罗智勇,杨武年.基于钻孔数据的三维地质建模与可视化研究[J].测绘科学,2008,33(2):130-132.