黄腐酸钾复合脲甲醛叶面肥意菲乐~?对冬小麦产量的影响
|
摘要
[目的]研究意菲乐~?替代尿素追施氮肥对冬小麦产量的影响。[方法]试验设置3个处理:叶面喷雾追施意菲乐~?7.5 L/hm~2、地表撒施尿素112.5 kg/hm~2和不追施任何肥料,分析在冬小麦拔节孕穗期不同处理对冬小麦生长指标、产量构成因素和产量的影响。[结果]喷施意菲乐~?处理的产量为6 130.8 kg/hm~2,增产效果最显著,与撒施尿素相比,产量增加5.02%,产值增加556.53元/hm~2,纯收益增加406.53元/hm~2;产投比表现为意菲乐~?处理>尿素处理>不追施任何肥料。[结论]与撒施尿素相比,叶面喷施意菲乐~?不仅减少了氮肥投入、提高了氮素利用率,还能够显著提高冬小麦的产值、纯收益和产投比。因此,在冬小麦拔节孕穗期,采用意菲乐~?替代尿素追施氮肥对实现现代化农业生产的高产高效、资源节约和生态环境保护具有重要意义。
[Objective]Field experiments were conducted to study effects of FOLISTIM HUMI-N replacing urea on winter wheat yields by topdressing.[Method]The experiment was consisted of 3 treatments at jointing and booting stage of winter wheat:on 7.5 L/hm~2 FOLISTIM HUMI-N foliar spraying,112.5 kg/hm~2 urea surface spreading and no topdressing.The characteristics of growth index and yield of winter wheat under different fertilization modes were analyzed.[Result]The effect of FOLISTIM HUMI-N foliar spraying was the most significant, and the yield was 6 130.8 kg/hm~2.Compared with urea surface spreading,yield increased by 4.96%,yield value increased by 556.53 yuan/hm~2,net income increased by 406.53 yuan/hm~2.Ratio of output to input:FOLISTIM HUMI-N>Urea>No topdressing.[Conclusion]Compared with urea surface spreading, FOLISTIM HUMI-N foliar spraying was not only reduced the input of nitrogen fertilizer and improved the utilization rate of nitrogen,but also significantly improved the output value, net income and the ratio of output to input of winter wheat.Therefore,FOLISTIM HUMI-N as a substitute for urea was beneficial for improving productivity efficiency of agricultural,resources and environmental protection.
[Objective]Field experiments were conducted to study effects of FOLISTIM HUMI-N replacing urea on winter wheat yields by topdressing.[Method]The experiment was consisted of 3 treatments at jointing and booting stage of winter wheat:on 7.5 L/hm~2 FOLISTIM HUMI-N foliar spraying,112.5 kg/hm~2 urea surface spreading and no topdressing.The characteristics of growth index and yield of winter wheat under different fertilization modes were analyzed.[Result]The effect of FOLISTIM HUMI-N foliar spraying was the most significant, and the yield was 6 130.8 kg/hm~2.Compared with urea surface spreading,yield increased by 4.96%,yield value increased by 556.53 yuan/hm~2,net income increased by 406.53 yuan/hm~2.Ratio of output to input:FOLISTIM HUMI-N>Urea>No topdressing.[Conclusion]Compared with urea surface spreading, FOLISTIM HUMI-N foliar spraying was not only reduced the input of nitrogen fertilizer and improved the utilization rate of nitrogen,but also significantly improved the output value, net income and the ratio of output to input of winter wheat.Therefore,FOLISTIM HUMI-N as a substitute for urea was beneficial for improving productivity efficiency of agricultural,resources and environmental protection.
引文
[1] 刘恩科,赵秉强,胡昌浩,等.长期施氮、磷、钾化肥对玉米产量及土壤肥力的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2007,13(5):789-794.
[2] 翟丙年,李生秀.水氮配合对冬小麦产量和品质的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2003,9(1):26-32.
[3] 巨晓棠,张福锁.关于氮肥利用率的思考[J].生态环境,2003,12(2):192-197.
[4] 孙晓,景建元,吕慎强,等.不同缓/控释尿素在黄土台塬区春玉米的减量施用效果[J].中国生态农业学报,2017,25(6):848-855.
[5] 常凤,王海标,陶静静,等.减氮配施控释尿素对冬小麦产量及氮肥效率的影响[J].中国农学通报,2018,34(25):1-6.
[6] 沈敏祥,郎克红.脲醛树脂包膜尿素的制备研究[J].磷肥与复肥,2016,31(1):11-12.
[7] 张福锁,王激清,张卫峰,等.中国主要粮食作物肥料利用率现状与提高途径[J].土壤学报,2008,45(5):915-924.
[8] LIU X J,ZHANG Y,HAN W X,et al.Enhanced nitrogen deposition over China[J].Nature,2013,494(7438):459-462.
[9] CUI Z L,YUE S C,WANG G L,et al.In-season root-zone N management for mitigating greenhouse gas emission and reactive N losses in intensive wheat production[J].Environmental science & technology,2013,47(11):6015-6022.
[10] 杨青林,桑利民,孙吉茹,等.我国肥料利用现状及提高化肥利用率的方法[J].山西农业科学,2011,39(7):690-692.
[11] 常凤,王海标,陶静静,等.减氮配施控释尿素对冬小麦产量及氮肥效率的影响[J].中国农学通报,2018,34(25):1-6.
[12] ZHENG W K,LIU Z G,ZHANG M,et al.Improving crop yields,nitrogen use efficiencies,and profits by using mixtures of coated controlled-released and uncoated urea in a wheat-maize system[J].Field crops research,2017,205:106-115.
[13] 石玉,于振文,王东,等.施氮量和底追比例对小麦氮素吸收转运及产量的影响[J].作物学报,2006,32(12):1860-1866.
[14] LU D J,LU F F,PAN J X,et al.The effects of cultivar and nitrogen management on wheat yield and nitrogen use efficiency in the North China Plain[J].Field crops research,2015,171:157-164.
[15] 杨帆,孟远夺,姜义,等.2013年我国种植业化肥使用状况分析[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2015,21(1):217-225.
[16] 霍中洋,葛鑫,张洪程,等.施氮方式对不同专用小麦氮素吸收及氮肥利用率的影响[J].作物学报,2004,30(5):449-454.
[17] MIAO X K,XING X M,DING Y F,et al.Yield and nitrogen uptake of bowl-seedling machine-transplanted rice with slow-release nitrogen fertilizer[J].Agronomy journal,2016,108(1):313-320.
[18] 王红,李放,宋东涛,等.叶面喷施黄腐酸钾对夏玉米产量的影响[J].山东农业科学,2014,46(8):87-89,92.
[19] 陈玉玲,曹敏,李云萌,等.黄腐酸对冬小麦幼苗一些生理过程的影响及作用机理的探讨[J].华北农学报,1999,14(1):143.
[20] 周莉娜,孙丽蓉,毛晖,等.黄腐酸抗旱营养剂对小麦和玉米生长的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2012,30(1):154-158.
[21] BANDIERA M,MOSCA G,VAMERALI T.Humic acids affect root characteristics of fodder radish(Rahanus sativus L.var.oleiformis Pers.)in metal-polluted wastes[J].Desalination,2009,246:78-91.
[2] 翟丙年,李生秀.水氮配合对冬小麦产量和品质的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2003,9(1):26-32.
[3] 巨晓棠,张福锁.关于氮肥利用率的思考[J].生态环境,2003,12(2):192-197.
[4] 孙晓,景建元,吕慎强,等.不同缓/控释尿素在黄土台塬区春玉米的减量施用效果[J].中国生态农业学报,2017,25(6):848-855.
[5] 常凤,王海标,陶静静,等.减氮配施控释尿素对冬小麦产量及氮肥效率的影响[J].中国农学通报,2018,34(25):1-6.
[6] 沈敏祥,郎克红.脲醛树脂包膜尿素的制备研究[J].磷肥与复肥,2016,31(1):11-12.
[7] 张福锁,王激清,张卫峰,等.中国主要粮食作物肥料利用率现状与提高途径[J].土壤学报,2008,45(5):915-924.
[8] LIU X J,ZHANG Y,HAN W X,et al.Enhanced nitrogen deposition over China[J].Nature,2013,494(7438):459-462.
[9] CUI Z L,YUE S C,WANG G L,et al.In-season root-zone N management for mitigating greenhouse gas emission and reactive N losses in intensive wheat production[J].Environmental science & technology,2013,47(11):6015-6022.
[10] 杨青林,桑利民,孙吉茹,等.我国肥料利用现状及提高化肥利用率的方法[J].山西农业科学,2011,39(7):690-692.
[11] 常凤,王海标,陶静静,等.减氮配施控释尿素对冬小麦产量及氮肥效率的影响[J].中国农学通报,2018,34(25):1-6.
[12] ZHENG W K,LIU Z G,ZHANG M,et al.Improving crop yields,nitrogen use efficiencies,and profits by using mixtures of coated controlled-released and uncoated urea in a wheat-maize system[J].Field crops research,2017,205:106-115.
[13] 石玉,于振文,王东,等.施氮量和底追比例对小麦氮素吸收转运及产量的影响[J].作物学报,2006,32(12):1860-1866.
[14] LU D J,LU F F,PAN J X,et al.The effects of cultivar and nitrogen management on wheat yield and nitrogen use efficiency in the North China Plain[J].Field crops research,2015,171:157-164.
[15] 杨帆,孟远夺,姜义,等.2013年我国种植业化肥使用状况分析[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2015,21(1):217-225.
[16] 霍中洋,葛鑫,张洪程,等.施氮方式对不同专用小麦氮素吸收及氮肥利用率的影响[J].作物学报,2004,30(5):449-454.
[17] MIAO X K,XING X M,DING Y F,et al.Yield and nitrogen uptake of bowl-seedling machine-transplanted rice with slow-release nitrogen fertilizer[J].Agronomy journal,2016,108(1):313-320.
[18] 王红,李放,宋东涛,等.叶面喷施黄腐酸钾对夏玉米产量的影响[J].山东农业科学,2014,46(8):87-89,92.
[19] 陈玉玲,曹敏,李云萌,等.黄腐酸对冬小麦幼苗一些生理过程的影响及作用机理的探讨[J].华北农学报,1999,14(1):143.
[20] 周莉娜,孙丽蓉,毛晖,等.黄腐酸抗旱营养剂对小麦和玉米生长的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2012,30(1):154-158.
[21] BANDIERA M,MOSCA G,VAMERALI T.Humic acids affect root characteristics of fodder radish(Rahanus sativus L.var.oleiformis Pers.)in metal-polluted wastes[J].Desalination,2009,246:78-91.