枯草芽孢杆菌的作用机制及其在家禽生产中的应用
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摘要
枯草芽孢杆菌(BS)是当前应用最为广泛的饲用益生菌之一。BS具有维护家禽肠道健康、增强免疫和抗氧化功能、缓解热应激、改善畜舍环境、提升肉蛋品质和提高生产性能的功能,还具有替代抗生素的巨大潜力。本文就BS的主要生理功能、作用机制及其在家禽生产中应用的最新研究成果进行了综述。
Bacillus subtilis( BS) is one of the most widely used probiotic in the animal feed presently. It was reported that BS had many desirable functions,including maintaining intestinal health of poultry,enhancing body' s immune and antioxidant functions,mitigating heat stress,ameliorating animal housing environment,and improving egg and meat quality as well as increasing production performance. In addition,some researchers also pointed out that BS had a potential ability of replacing antibiotics. This paper aims to illustrate the main physiological functions and mechanisms of BS and reviews the latest research findings on the application of BS in poultry production.
Bacillus subtilis( BS) is one of the most widely used probiotic in the animal feed presently. It was reported that BS had many desirable functions,including maintaining intestinal health of poultry,enhancing body' s immune and antioxidant functions,mitigating heat stress,ameliorating animal housing environment,and improving egg and meat quality as well as increasing production performance. In addition,some researchers also pointed out that BS had a potential ability of replacing antibiotics. This paper aims to illustrate the main physiological functions and mechanisms of BS and reviews the latest research findings on the application of BS in poultry production.
引文
[1] Wang W C,Yan F F,Hu J Y,et al.Supplementation of Bacillus subtilis based probiotic reduces heat stress-related behaviors and inflammatory response in broiler chickens[J]. Journal of Animal Science,2018,96(5):1654-1666.
[2] Zhang P W,Yan T,Wang X L,et al.Probiotic mixture ameliorates heat stress of laying hens by enhancing intestinal barrier function and improving gut microbiota[J].Italian Journal of Animal Science,2017,16(2):292-300.
[3] Guo J R,Dong X F,Liu S,et al.Effects of long-term Bacillus subtilis CGMCC 1. 921 supplementation on performance,egg quality,and fecal and cecal microbiota of laying hens[J].Poultry Science,2017,96(5):1280-1289.
[4] Knap I,Kehlet A B,Bennedsen M,et al. Bacillus subtilis(DSM17299)significantly reduces Salmonella in broilers[J].Poultry Science,2011,90(8):1690-1694.
[5] LaRagione R M,Woodward M J.Competitive exclusion by Bacillus subtilis spores of Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis and Clostridium perfringens in young chickens[J].Veterinary Microbiology,2003,94(3):245-256.
[6] Forte C,Acuti G,Manuali E,et al.Effects of two different probiotics on microflora,morphology,and morphometry of gut in organic laying hens[J]. Poultry Science,2016,95(11):2528-2535.
[7] Abdelqader A,Al-Fataftah A,Das G.Effects of dietary Bacillus subtilis and inulin supplementation on performance,eggshell quality,intestinal morphology and microflora composition of laying hens in the late phase of production[J]. Animal Feed Science and Technology,2013,179:103-111.
[8]谢鹏,付胜勇,戴鑫,等.饲料中添加枯草芽孢杆菌制剂对乳鸽消化道酶活性和血清生化指标的影响[J].饲料工业,2014,35(24):7-11.
[9] Aliakbarpour H R,Chamani M,Rahimi G,et al.The Bacillus subtilis and lactic acid bacteria probiotics influences intestinal mucin gene expression,histomorphology and growth performance in broilers[J].Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,2012,25(9):1285-1293.
[10] Rajput R I,Li L Y,Xin X,et al.Effect of Saccharomyces boulardii and Bacillus subtilis B10 on intestinal ultrastructure modulation and mucosal immunity development mechanism in broiler chickens[J].Poultry Science,2013,92(4):956-965.
[11]朱沛霁,徐歆,齐玉凯,等.枯草芽孢杆菌048对雪山草鸡抗肠炎沙门氏菌感染能力的影响[J].动物营养学报,2017,29(2):479-487.
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[14] Chen W,Zhu X Z,Wang J P,et al.Effects of Bacillus subtilis var. natto and Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermented liquid feed on growth performance,relative organ weight,intestinal microflora,and organ antioxidant status in Landes geese[J].Journal of Animal Science,2013,91(2):978-985.
[15] Xing Y,Wang S,Fan J,et al.Effects of dietary supplementation with lysine-yielding Bacillus subtilis on gut morphology,cecal microflora,and intestinal immune response of Linwu ducks[J].Journal of Animal Science,2015,93(7):3449-3457.
[16] Pelicano E R L,Souza P A,Souza H,et al.Intestinal mucosa development in broiler chickens fed natural growth promoters[J]. Revista Brasileira De Ciencia Avicola,2005,7(4):221-229.
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[22] Chichlowski M,Croom J,Mc Bride B W,et al.Metabolic and physiological impact of probiotics or direct-fed microbials on poultry:a brief review of current knowledge[J]. International Journal of Poultry Science,2007,6(10):694-704.
[23]张名爱,杨文娇,张泽楠,等.低铜饲粮添加枯草芽孢杆菌对5~16周龄五龙鹅肠道发育、微生物菌群结构及血清酶活性的影响[J].动物营养学报,2017,29(9):3175-3183.
[24]张爱武,董斌,左璐雅,等.不同水平枯草芽孢杆菌对鹌鹑内脏器官及小肠发育的影响[J].经济动物学报,2010,14(2):98-101.
[25]谢鹏,付胜勇,常玲玲,等.枯草芽袍杆菌对乳鸽生长性能、小肠形态和结直肠菌群的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2015,43(6):190-193.
[26] Min YN,Yang H L,Xu Y X,et al.Effects of dietary supplementation of synbiotics on growth performance,intestinal morphology,s Ig A content and antioxidant capacities of broilers[J]. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition,2016,100(6):1073-1080.
[27]周玲,王晓清,刘臻,等.营养素转运载体的研究进展[J].饲料研究,2013(4):18-23.
[28]朱沛霁.枯草芽孢杆菌对雪山鸡生产性能、肠道健康和免疫机能的影响及机制[D].扬州:扬州大学,2017:31-35.
[29]李卫芬,白洁,李雅丽,等.枯草芽孢杆菌对肉鸡肉品质、养分消化率及血清生化指标的影响[J].中国兽医学报,2014,34(10):1682-1685.
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[32] Huang J,La Ragione R M,Nunez A,et al.Immunostimulatory activity of Bacillus spores[J]. Fems Immunology and Medical Microbiology,2008,53(2):195-203.
[33] Fathi M,Al-Homidan I,Al-Dokhail A.et al.Effects of dietary probiotic(Bacillus subtilis)supplementation on productive performance,immune response and egg quality characteristics in laying hens under high ambient temperature[J]. Italian Journal of Animal Science,2018,17(1):1-11.
[34] Li Y,Zhang H,Chen Y P,et al. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens supplementation alleviates immunological stress in lipopolysaccharide-challenged broilers at early age[J]. Poultry Science,2015,94(7):1504-1511.
[35] Yan L,Meng Q W,Kim I H.The effect of an herb extract mixture on growth performance,nutrient digestibility,blood characteristics and fecal noxious gas content in growing pigs[J].Livestock Science,2011,141:143-147.
[36] Chu G M,Lee S J,Jeong H S,et al.Efficacy of probiotics from anaerobic microflora with prebiotics on growth performance and noxious gas emission in growing pigs[J]. Journal of Animal Science,2011,82(2):282-290.
[37] Sutton A L,Kephart K B,Verstegen M W,et al.Potential for reduction of odorous compounds in swine manure through diet modification[J]. Journal of Animal Science,1999,77(2):430-439.
[38] Sobczak A,Kozlowski K.The effect of a probiotic preparation containing Bacillus subtilis ATCC PTA-6737 on egg production and physiological parameters of laying hens[J].Annals of Animal Science,2015,15(3):711-723.
[39] Zhang J L,Xie Q M,Ji J,et al.Different combinations of probiotics improve the production performance,egg quality,and immune response of layer hens[J]. Poultry Science,2012,91(11):2755-2760.
[40] Ribeiro Jr V,Albino L F T,Rostagno H S,et al.Effects of the dietary supplementation of Bacillus subtilis levels on performance,egg quality and excreta moisture of layers[J]. Animal Feed Science and Technology,2014,195:142-146.
[41] Mahmoud K Z,Obeidat B S,Al-Sadi M Z,et al.Effect of Bacillus subtilis supplementation and dietary crude protein level on growth performance and intestinal morphological changes of meat type chicken[J].Livestock Science,2017,195:99-104.
[42] Zhang Z F,Cho J H,Kim I H.Effects of Bacillus subtilis UBTMO2 on growth performance,relative immune organ weight,gas concentration in excreta,and intestinal microbial shedding in broiler chickens[J]. Livestock Science,2013,155:343-347.
[43] Zhang Z F,Zhou T X,Ao X.Effects ofβ-glucan and Bacillus subtilis on growth performance,blood profiles,relative organ weight and meat quality in broilers fed maize-soybean meal based diets[J].Livestock Science,2012,150:419-424.
[44]胡振华,杨永平,杨宇,等.枯草芽孢杆菌对樱桃谷肉鸭生长性能、免疫器官指数、肠道菌群及肠道形态的影响[J].动物营养学报,2018,30(4):1504-1512.
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[2] Zhang P W,Yan T,Wang X L,et al.Probiotic mixture ameliorates heat stress of laying hens by enhancing intestinal barrier function and improving gut microbiota[J].Italian Journal of Animal Science,2017,16(2):292-300.
[3] Guo J R,Dong X F,Liu S,et al.Effects of long-term Bacillus subtilis CGMCC 1. 921 supplementation on performance,egg quality,and fecal and cecal microbiota of laying hens[J].Poultry Science,2017,96(5):1280-1289.
[4] Knap I,Kehlet A B,Bennedsen M,et al. Bacillus subtilis(DSM17299)significantly reduces Salmonella in broilers[J].Poultry Science,2011,90(8):1690-1694.
[5] LaRagione R M,Woodward M J.Competitive exclusion by Bacillus subtilis spores of Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis and Clostridium perfringens in young chickens[J].Veterinary Microbiology,2003,94(3):245-256.
[6] Forte C,Acuti G,Manuali E,et al.Effects of two different probiotics on microflora,morphology,and morphometry of gut in organic laying hens[J]. Poultry Science,2016,95(11):2528-2535.
[7] Abdelqader A,Al-Fataftah A,Das G.Effects of dietary Bacillus subtilis and inulin supplementation on performance,eggshell quality,intestinal morphology and microflora composition of laying hens in the late phase of production[J]. Animal Feed Science and Technology,2013,179:103-111.
[8]谢鹏,付胜勇,戴鑫,等.饲料中添加枯草芽孢杆菌制剂对乳鸽消化道酶活性和血清生化指标的影响[J].饲料工业,2014,35(24):7-11.
[9] Aliakbarpour H R,Chamani M,Rahimi G,et al.The Bacillus subtilis and lactic acid bacteria probiotics influences intestinal mucin gene expression,histomorphology and growth performance in broilers[J].Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,2012,25(9):1285-1293.
[10] Rajput R I,Li L Y,Xin X,et al.Effect of Saccharomyces boulardii and Bacillus subtilis B10 on intestinal ultrastructure modulation and mucosal immunity development mechanism in broiler chickens[J].Poultry Science,2013,92(4):956-965.
[11]朱沛霁,徐歆,齐玉凯,等.枯草芽孢杆菌048对雪山草鸡抗肠炎沙门氏菌感染能力的影响[J].动物营养学报,2017,29(2):479-487.
[12] Nicholson W L. Roles of Bacillus endospores in the environment[J]. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences,2002,59(3):410-416.
[13] Hong H A,Duc L H,Cutting S M.The use of bacterial spore formers as probiotics[J].Fems Microbiology Reviews,2005,29(4):813-835.
[14] Chen W,Zhu X Z,Wang J P,et al.Effects of Bacillus subtilis var. natto and Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermented liquid feed on growth performance,relative organ weight,intestinal microflora,and organ antioxidant status in Landes geese[J].Journal of Animal Science,2013,91(2):978-985.
[15] Xing Y,Wang S,Fan J,et al.Effects of dietary supplementation with lysine-yielding Bacillus subtilis on gut morphology,cecal microflora,and intestinal immune response of Linwu ducks[J].Journal of Animal Science,2015,93(7):3449-3457.
[16] Pelicano E R L,Souza P A,Souza H,et al.Intestinal mucosa development in broiler chickens fed natural growth promoters[J]. Revista Brasileira De Ciencia Avicola,2005,7(4):221-229.
[17] Li W F,Rajput I R,Xu X,et al.Effects of probiotic(Bacillus subtilis)on laying performance,blood biochemical properties and intestinal microflora of Shaoxing duck[J]. International Journal of Poultry Science,2011,10(8):583-589.
[18] Kerovuo J,Lauraeus M,Nurminen P,et al.Isolation,characterization,molecular gene cloning,and sequencing of a novel phytase from Bacillus subtilis[J]. Applied and Environmental Microbiology,1998,64(6):2079-2085.
[19] Ozcan B D,Ozcan N. Expression of thermostableα-amylase gene from Bacillus stearothermophilus in various Bacillus subtilis strains[J].Annals of Microbiology,2008,58(2):265.
[20] Gao Z H,Wu H H,Shi L,et al.Study of Bacillus subtilis on growth performance,nutrition metabolism and intestinal microflora of 1 to 42 d broiler chickens[J].Animal Nutrition,2017,3(2):109-113.
[21]张泽楠,王宝维,葛文华,等.枯草芽孢杆菌与铜协同作用对5~16周龄五龙鹅生长性能、屠宰性能、营养物质利用率及肉品质的影响[J].动物营养学报,2016,28(9):2830-2838.
[22] Chichlowski M,Croom J,Mc Bride B W,et al.Metabolic and physiological impact of probiotics or direct-fed microbials on poultry:a brief review of current knowledge[J]. International Journal of Poultry Science,2007,6(10):694-704.
[23]张名爱,杨文娇,张泽楠,等.低铜饲粮添加枯草芽孢杆菌对5~16周龄五龙鹅肠道发育、微生物菌群结构及血清酶活性的影响[J].动物营养学报,2017,29(9):3175-3183.
[24]张爱武,董斌,左璐雅,等.不同水平枯草芽孢杆菌对鹌鹑内脏器官及小肠发育的影响[J].经济动物学报,2010,14(2):98-101.
[25]谢鹏,付胜勇,常玲玲,等.枯草芽袍杆菌对乳鸽生长性能、小肠形态和结直肠菌群的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2015,43(6):190-193.
[26] Min YN,Yang H L,Xu Y X,et al.Effects of dietary supplementation of synbiotics on growth performance,intestinal morphology,s Ig A content and antioxidant capacities of broilers[J]. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition,2016,100(6):1073-1080.
[27]周玲,王晓清,刘臻,等.营养素转运载体的研究进展[J].饲料研究,2013(4):18-23.
[28]朱沛霁.枯草芽孢杆菌对雪山鸡生产性能、肠道健康和免疫机能的影响及机制[D].扬州:扬州大学,2017:31-35.
[29]李卫芬,白洁,李雅丽,等.枯草芽孢杆菌对肉鸡肉品质、养分消化率及血清生化指标的影响[J].中国兽医学报,2014,34(10):1682-1685.
[30] Bandyopadhyay U,Das D,Banerjee R K.Reactive oxygen species:oxidative damage and pathogenesis[J]. Current Science,1998,77(5):658-666.
[31] Bai K W,Huang Q,Zhang J F,et al.Supplemental effects of probiotic Bacillus subtilis fmbj on growth performance,antioxidant capacity,and meat quality of broiler chickens[J].Poultry Science,2017,96(1):74-82.
[32] Huang J,La Ragione R M,Nunez A,et al.Immunostimulatory activity of Bacillus spores[J]. Fems Immunology and Medical Microbiology,2008,53(2):195-203.
[33] Fathi M,Al-Homidan I,Al-Dokhail A.et al.Effects of dietary probiotic(Bacillus subtilis)supplementation on productive performance,immune response and egg quality characteristics in laying hens under high ambient temperature[J]. Italian Journal of Animal Science,2018,17(1):1-11.
[34] Li Y,Zhang H,Chen Y P,et al. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens supplementation alleviates immunological stress in lipopolysaccharide-challenged broilers at early age[J]. Poultry Science,2015,94(7):1504-1511.
[35] Yan L,Meng Q W,Kim I H.The effect of an herb extract mixture on growth performance,nutrient digestibility,blood characteristics and fecal noxious gas content in growing pigs[J].Livestock Science,2011,141:143-147.
[36] Chu G M,Lee S J,Jeong H S,et al.Efficacy of probiotics from anaerobic microflora with prebiotics on growth performance and noxious gas emission in growing pigs[J]. Journal of Animal Science,2011,82(2):282-290.
[37] Sutton A L,Kephart K B,Verstegen M W,et al.Potential for reduction of odorous compounds in swine manure through diet modification[J]. Journal of Animal Science,1999,77(2):430-439.
[38] Sobczak A,Kozlowski K.The effect of a probiotic preparation containing Bacillus subtilis ATCC PTA-6737 on egg production and physiological parameters of laying hens[J].Annals of Animal Science,2015,15(3):711-723.
[39] Zhang J L,Xie Q M,Ji J,et al.Different combinations of probiotics improve the production performance,egg quality,and immune response of layer hens[J]. Poultry Science,2012,91(11):2755-2760.
[40] Ribeiro Jr V,Albino L F T,Rostagno H S,et al.Effects of the dietary supplementation of Bacillus subtilis levels on performance,egg quality and excreta moisture of layers[J]. Animal Feed Science and Technology,2014,195:142-146.
[41] Mahmoud K Z,Obeidat B S,Al-Sadi M Z,et al.Effect of Bacillus subtilis supplementation and dietary crude protein level on growth performance and intestinal morphological changes of meat type chicken[J].Livestock Science,2017,195:99-104.
[42] Zhang Z F,Cho J H,Kim I H.Effects of Bacillus subtilis UBTMO2 on growth performance,relative immune organ weight,gas concentration in excreta,and intestinal microbial shedding in broiler chickens[J]. Livestock Science,2013,155:343-347.
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