耐高温相变纳米胶囊的合成与表征
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摘要
通过界面聚合法,利用单体异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、交联剂乙二醇与乳化剂聚乙烯醇共同反应制备聚氨酯壁材,以石蜡为芯材,制备纳米胶囊。采用红外光谱、扫描电镜、热重分析、差式扫描量热、动态光散射等测试方法,研究了纳米胶囊的组成、表面形貌、热稳定性、包埋率和粒径分布。结果表明,由异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和乙二醇为反应单体,聚乙烯醇为乳化剂,70℃反应4 h,可制得包埋率为88.8%的相变纳米胶囊,其可耐受240℃高温,表面可形成大量氢键,平均粒径最小可达到246.9 nm。
Polyurethane wall materials are prepared by interfacial polymerization using isophorone diisocyanate as monomers, ethylene glycol as crosslinking agent and polyvinyl alcohol as emulsifier. Nanocapsules are prepared with paraffin as core materials. The composition, surface morphology, thermal stability, embedding rate and particle size distribution of nanocapsules are studied by infrared spectroscopy,scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry and dynamic light scattering. The results show that the phase change nanocapsules with the embedding rate of88.8% can be prepared by using isophorone diisocyanate and ethylene glycol as reaction monomers,polyvinyl alcohol as emulsifier, and reaction at 70 ℃ for 4 h. The capsules are stable at high temperature of 240 ℃, and a large number of hydrogen bonds can be formed on the surface. The average particle size can reach 246.9 nm.
Polyurethane wall materials are prepared by interfacial polymerization using isophorone diisocyanate as monomers, ethylene glycol as crosslinking agent and polyvinyl alcohol as emulsifier. Nanocapsules are prepared with paraffin as core materials. The composition, surface morphology, thermal stability, embedding rate and particle size distribution of nanocapsules are studied by infrared spectroscopy,scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry and dynamic light scattering. The results show that the phase change nanocapsules with the embedding rate of88.8% can be prepared by using isophorone diisocyanate and ethylene glycol as reaction monomers,polyvinyl alcohol as emulsifier, and reaction at 70 ℃ for 4 h. The capsules are stable at high temperature of 240 ℃, and a large number of hydrogen bonds can be formed on the surface. The average particle size can reach 246.9 nm.
引文
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[14]钱惺悦,纪俊玲,戴萍.微胶囊相变材料PCM在织物上的应用[J].印染,2014,40(7):12-15.
[15] WOOSTER TJ, GOLDING M, SANGUANSRI P. Impact of oil type on nanoemulsion formation and Ostwald ripening stability[J]. Langmuir the Acs Journal of Surfaces&Colloids,2008(24):58-65.
[16] LEONG TSH, WOOSTER TJ, KENTISH SE, et al. Minimising oil droplet size using ultrasonic emulsification[J].Ultrasonics Sonochemistry,2009(6):72-77.
[17] ZHANG XX, FAN YF, TAO XM, et al.Crystallization and prevention of supercooling of microencapsulated n-alkanes[J]. Journal of Colloid&Interface Science,2005(2):99-106.
[2] TAO YB, LIN CH, HE YL.Effect of surface active agent on thermal properties of carbonate salt/carbon nanomaterial composite phase change material[J]. Applied Energy,2015(15):478-489.
[3]管羽,张维,刘金树.甲基丙烯酸甲酯相变微胶囊的制备及表征[J].印染,2018,44(3):21-25.
[4] LI W, ZONG J, HUANG R, et al. Design, controlled fabrication and characterization of narrow-disperse macrocapsules containing Micro/NanoPCMs[J]. Materials&Design,2016(9):225-234.
[5] CHEN C, WANG L, HUANG Y. Crosslinking of the electrospun polyethylene glycol/cellulose acetate composite fibers as shapestabilized phase change materials[J]. Materials Letters,2009(6):69-71.
[6] CHEN Z, FANG G.Preparation and heat transfer characteristics of microencapsulated phase change material slurry:A review[J].Renewable&Sustainable Energy Reviews,2011(9):24-32.
[7]管羽,张维,刘金树.单体共聚对相变微胶囊性能的影响[J].印染,2018,44(4):32-36.
[8]刘元军,王雪燕,孙小芳.相变微胶囊的制备及其在牛仔布上的应用究[J].印染,2012,38(9):14-18.
[9] MA Y, ZONG J, LI W, et al. Synthesis and characterization of thermal energy storage microencapsulated n-dodecanol with acrylic polymer shell[J]. Energy,2015(7):86-94.
[10] SONG S, DONG L, QU Z, et al. Microencapsulated capric–stearic acid with silica shell as a novel phase change material for thermal energy storage[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering,2014(7):46-51.
[11]宋庆文,陆少锋,孟家光,等.纳米复合相变微胶囊涂层织物的热缓冲性能[J].印染,2017,43(5):6-9.
[12] SEMSARZADEH MA, GHALEI B. Preparation, characterization and gas permeation properties of polyurethane–silica/polyvinyl alcohol mixed matrix membranes[J]. Journal of Membrane Science,2013(7):115-125.
[13] SERRANO A, BORREGUERO AM, GARRIDO I, et al. Reducing heat loss through the building envelope by using polyurethane foams containing thermoregulating microcapsules[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering,2016(10):26-32.
[14]钱惺悦,纪俊玲,戴萍.微胶囊相变材料PCM在织物上的应用[J].印染,2014,40(7):12-15.
[15] WOOSTER TJ, GOLDING M, SANGUANSRI P. Impact of oil type on nanoemulsion formation and Ostwald ripening stability[J]. Langmuir the Acs Journal of Surfaces&Colloids,2008(24):58-65.
[16] LEONG TSH, WOOSTER TJ, KENTISH SE, et al. Minimising oil droplet size using ultrasonic emulsification[J].Ultrasonics Sonochemistry,2009(6):72-77.
[17] ZHANG XX, FAN YF, TAO XM, et al.Crystallization and prevention of supercooling of microencapsulated n-alkanes[J]. Journal of Colloid&Interface Science,2005(2):99-106.