固体发动机药柱完整性失效的判据
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摘要
固体发动机工作过程中,燃烧室药柱处于三向受压状态下,围压条件对推进剂力学性能有增强。该增强作用在细观结构上表现为延缓推进剂中微裂纹与真空孔穴(脱湿)的出现,并限制其在固体填料周围粘合剂中的扩展;在宏观力学性能上表现为在低温高应变率下推进剂的最大伸长率εm由常压下的较小值增大到接近断裂伸长率εb。通过围压环境对推进剂力学性能的影响分析,提出以推进剂断裂伸长率εb作为药柱在工作内压下的失效判据,并结合某翼柱型装药结构的有限元分析、完整性评估及地面试验,验证了该判据的合理性。
During the working process of solid rocket motors,the propellant grains are under the three-dimensional pressure,which increases the mechanical properties of the propellant. The enhancement seems to delay the occurrence of micro-cracks and vacuum cavities( dewetting) in the propellant,and meantime limit their extension in the binder surounding the solid fillers in the micro-structure.In the case of macro-mechanical properties,it shows that the maximum elongation of the propellant increases from a relatively small value under normal pressure to near the breaking elongation at low temperature and a high strain rate. Based on the analyses of the effects of the confining pressure on the mechanical properties of the propellant,the breaking elongation is proposed as the failure criterion under operation pressure.On the basis of the finite element analysis,integrity evaluation and ground test of the SRM with a finocyl grain,the rationality of the criterion is verified.
During the working process of solid rocket motors,the propellant grains are under the three-dimensional pressure,which increases the mechanical properties of the propellant. The enhancement seems to delay the occurrence of micro-cracks and vacuum cavities( dewetting) in the propellant,and meantime limit their extension in the binder surounding the solid fillers in the micro-structure.In the case of macro-mechanical properties,it shows that the maximum elongation of the propellant increases from a relatively small value under normal pressure to near the breaking elongation at low temperature and a high strain rate. Based on the analyses of the effects of the confining pressure on the mechanical properties of the propellant,the breaking elongation is proposed as the failure criterion under operation pressure.On the basis of the finite element analysis,integrity evaluation and ground test of the SRM with a finocyl grain,the rationality of the criterion is verified.
引文
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[10]姚东,高波,杨月诚,等.压力环境下NEPE推进剂强度参数预测[J].强度与环境,2013,40(1):23-28.YAO Dong,GAO Bo,YANG Yuecheng,et al.Strength parameters-prognostication for NEPE propellant under surroundings-pressure[J].Structure&Environment Engineering,2013,40(1):23-28.
[11]陈煜,刘云飞,谭惠民.NEPE推进剂的细观力学性能研究[J].火炸药学报,2008,31(1):56-59.CHEN Yu,LIU Yunfei,TAN Huimin.Study on the Micromechanics of the NEPE Solid Propellant[J].Chinese Journal of Explosives&Propellants,2008,31(1):56-59.
[12]李敬明,郑雪,李伟,等.NEPE推进剂拉伸破坏过程实验研究[J].含能材料,2009,17(2):241-243.LI Jingming,ZHENG Xue,LI Wei,et al.Experimental study on tensile damage process of NEPE propellant[J].Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials,2009,17(2):241-243.
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[2]Tra Issac Y,Ninous J,Nevirer R,et al.Mechanical behavior of a solid composite propellant during motor ignition[J].Rubber Chemistry and Technology,1994,68(1):146-157.
[3]Paip C H,Meier D J.The effect of pressure on the ultimate properties of elastomers[J].Rubber Chemistry and Technology,1991,65(2):396-410.
[4]Liu C T,Ravichandran G.Influence of confining pressure on the crack growth behavior in a highly filled elastomer[J].Journal of Applied Mechanics,2006,73(5):778-782.
[5]Md.Abu Sayeed,Kiichi Suzuki,Md.Mizanur Rahman.Strength and deformation characteristics of granular materials under extremely low to high cofining pressures in triaxial compression[J].International Journal of Civil&Environmental Engineering,2011,11(4):1-6.
[6]Md.Abdul Alim,Kiichi Suzuki,Kazuyoshi Iwashita,et al.Effect of confining pressure on the strength behavior of granular material simulated by the discrete element method[J].International Journal of Civil&Environmental Engineering,2006,372(4):1-4.
[7]何铁山,张劲民.环境压强对固体推进剂力学行为的影响[J].推进技术,2005,26(4):368-370.HE Tieshan,ZHANG Jinmin.Effect of environment pressure on mechanical properties of solid propellant[J].Journal of Propulsion Technology,2005,26(4):368-370.
[8]王广,陈刚.围压对NEPE推进剂强度的影响[J].上海航天,2011,28(3):55-59.WANG Guang,CHEN Gang.Effect of Confining Pressure on NEPE Propellant's Intensity[J].Aerospace Shanghai,2011,28(3):55-59.
[9]王小英,何铁山,张林,等.环境压强对NEPE推进剂单向拉伸力学行为的影响[J].固体火箭技术,2017,40(4):466-470.WANG Xiaoying,HE Tieshan,ZHANG Lin,et al.Effect of environment pressure on the uniaxial tensile mechanical properties of NEPE solid propellants[J].Journal of Solid Rocket Technology,2017,40(4):466-470.
[10]姚东,高波,杨月诚,等.压力环境下NEPE推进剂强度参数预测[J].强度与环境,2013,40(1):23-28.YAO Dong,GAO Bo,YANG Yuecheng,et al.Strength parameters-prognostication for NEPE propellant under surroundings-pressure[J].Structure&Environment Engineering,2013,40(1):23-28.
[11]陈煜,刘云飞,谭惠民.NEPE推进剂的细观力学性能研究[J].火炸药学报,2008,31(1):56-59.CHEN Yu,LIU Yunfei,TAN Huimin.Study on the Micromechanics of the NEPE Solid Propellant[J].Chinese Journal of Explosives&Propellants,2008,31(1):56-59.
[12]李敬明,郑雪,李伟,等.NEPE推进剂拉伸破坏过程实验研究[J].含能材料,2009,17(2):241-243.LI Jingming,ZHENG Xue,LI Wei,et al.Experimental study on tensile damage process of NEPE propellant[J].Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials,2009,17(2):241-243.
[13](法)A达维纳.固体火箭推进技术[M].张德雄,姚润森,等译.北京:宇航出版社,1997:221-251.Davina A.Solid rocket propulsion technology[M].ZHANG Dexiong,YAO Runsen and other translation.Beijing:Astronautic Publishing House,1997:221-251.