基于流固耦合的货车燃油箱动力学仿真分析及试验验证
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摘要
某轻型货车路试中发现其燃油箱含有一半燃油时容易发生焊点开裂、防波板脱落的现象。针对此问题,基于流固耦合系统方程对轻型货车的燃油箱利用流固耦合法进行模态和振动仿真分析。首先对不同充液比油箱进行模态仿真,通过模态计算发现:与空油箱相比,含有燃油的油箱模态频率较低,随着注油量的增加,模态频率曲线随阶数增加变的平缓。在模态分析的基础上根据国标对燃油箱振动谱的规定,重点对含有50%燃油的燃油箱进行了振动仿真,通过提取焊点处横向、纵向、垂向三个方向及严酷方向的应力与试验应力值对比发现,误差均在10%以内,验证了该分析方法的正确性。
In the road test for a light truck, it is found that the fuel tank has the phenomena of solder joint cracking and baffle plate shedding. These phenomena may occur very easily when the fuel tank is nearly 50% filled. In this study, a fluidstructure coupling method is adopted for modal analysis and random vibration analysis of the fuel tank of the light truck. The result of modal analysis for different liquid-filling ratio of the fuel tank indicates that the modal frequency of fuel-containing tank is lower than that of the empty tank. As the oil injection increases, the modal frequency increases mildly vs. the increase of the order. On the basis of the modal analysis, the vibration of the 50 % filled tank is simulated and analyzed. The solder joints' stresses in the horizontal, longitudinal and vertical directions and critical direction are extracted. It is turned out that the calculation error is below 10 % compared with the experimental data. So, the correctness of the proposed analysis method is verified.
In the road test for a light truck, it is found that the fuel tank has the phenomena of solder joint cracking and baffle plate shedding. These phenomena may occur very easily when the fuel tank is nearly 50% filled. In this study, a fluidstructure coupling method is adopted for modal analysis and random vibration analysis of the fuel tank of the light truck. The result of modal analysis for different liquid-filling ratio of the fuel tank indicates that the modal frequency of fuel-containing tank is lower than that of the empty tank. As the oil injection increases, the modal frequency increases mildly vs. the increase of the order. On the basis of the modal analysis, the vibration of the 50 % filled tank is simulated and analyzed. The solder joints' stresses in the horizontal, longitudinal and vertical directions and critical direction are extracted. It is turned out that the calculation error is below 10 % compared with the experimental data. So, the correctness of the proposed analysis method is verified.
引文
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[2] ESTEKANCHI H E. ALEMBAGHERI M. Seismic analysis of steel liquid storage tanks by endurance time method[J]. Thin-walled Structures, 2012, 50(1):14-23.
[3]朱代义,谷正气,梁小波,等.基于流固耦合燃油箱动态特性分析[J].现代制造工程,2009,13(6):13-17.
[4] Klaus G. Vehicle interior noise-combination of sound,vibration and interactivity[J]. Sound and Vibration.2009, 43(12):8-13.
[5]姚起杭,姚军.工程结构的振动疲劳问题[J].应用力学工程学报,2012,25(4):388-393.
[6]程相克,杨启梁,胡潥,等.汽车油箱流-固耦合模态对外辐射噪声的仿真分析[J].武汉科技大学学报武汉科技大学学报,2013,36(6):339-342.
[7]张俊红,郭迁,王健,等.基于流固耦合与多目标优化的低噪声塑料机油冷却器盖优化设计[J].振动与冲击振动与冲击,2016,35(3):150-155.
[8]屠翔宇,严莉,朱志勇,等.汽车燃油箱模态仿真分析及试验验证[J].噪声与振动控制,2016,36(4):88-91.
[9]王晖,陈刚,张伟,等.储液容器三维流固耦合模态分析[J].特种结构,2007,24(2):52-24.
[10]程贤福. ANSYS workbench 16.0基础教程及实例分析[M].武汉:华中科技大学出版社,2017:153-183.
[11]梁高峰.燃油箱非线性耐压及流固耦合动力学分析[D].南昌:华东交通大学,2018.
[12]孔繁余,陈浩,王婷,等.基于流固耦合的减压塔底泵泵体强度分析[J].机械工程学报,2015,49(2):159-164.
[13] DAVA S STEINBERG. Vibration analysis for electronic equipment[M]. New York:John Wile&Sons 2000.
[14] JOHN W MILES. On structure fatigue under random loading[J]. Journal of Aeronautic Sciences. 1994, 21(11):753-762.