外源钙对果实发育过程中肥城桃钙素动态变化的影响
|
摘要
为探究肥城桃各器官钙素分配及动态变化规律,本研究以11年生肥城桃为试验材料,采用树干注射~(41)Ca同位素及外施钙肥(0. 5%氨基酸钙和0. 5%硝酸钙溶液,清水为对照)处理,检测各器官~(41)Ca丰度变化及总钙含量。结果表明,在生长前期,新梢、叶片钙含量增加均最为明显,分别增加40%～68%、13%～28%;果实中的钙含量在幼果期达到最大值,随后逐渐降低;多年生枝的钙含量呈先下降后上升的趋势;叶片对树体中~(41)Ca的竞争能力远超过果实等组织;成熟期~(41)Ca分配情况为树干最高,占67. 78%,叶片、枝条次之,果皮、果肉再次,树干皮及枝条皮最低。综上,在肥城桃果实发育各时期喷施不同形态钙肥能有效提高果实、新梢、叶片等幼嫩器官的钙含量,利用~(41)Ca示踪-加速器质谱技术可较准确的研究钙素在植物体内的运动分布规律。本研究结果为肥城桃科学补钙提供了理论依据。
In order to explore the distribution and dynamic changes of calcium in various organs of Feicheng peach,the 11-year-old Feicheng Peach was used as the test material and ~(41)Ca isotope was injected into the trunk and calcium fertilizer( 0. 5% amino acid calcium and 0. 5% calcium nitrate solution,with fresh-water as the control) was applied to detect ~(41)Ca abundance and total calcium content in each organ. The results showed that calcium content had significantiy increased in shoots and leaves during the early growth stage,which increased by 40% ～ 68% and 13% ～ 28%,respectively; the calcium content in the fruit reached its maximum value in the young fruit period and then gradually decreased; the calcium content of perennial branches decreased first and then increased. The competitiveness against ~(41)Ca was far more powerful in leaves than in other tissues. The distribution of ~(41)Ca during the mature period showed as follow: the trunk( 67. 78%),followed by the leaves and branches,next is the peel and flesh and the lowest in the trunk and sticks skin. In summary,spraying different forms of calcium fertilizer at various stages of fruit development in Feicheng peach can effectively increase the calcium content of young organs such as fruits,shoots and leaves. With the help of ~(41)Ca tracer accelerator-based mass spectroscopic( AMS) technology,the movement distribution law of calcium in plants can be accurately studied. The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for calcium supplementation of Feicheng Peach.
In order to explore the distribution and dynamic changes of calcium in various organs of Feicheng peach,the 11-year-old Feicheng Peach was used as the test material and ~(41)Ca isotope was injected into the trunk and calcium fertilizer( 0. 5% amino acid calcium and 0. 5% calcium nitrate solution,with fresh-water as the control) was applied to detect ~(41)Ca abundance and total calcium content in each organ. The results showed that calcium content had significantiy increased in shoots and leaves during the early growth stage,which increased by 40% ～ 68% and 13% ～ 28%,respectively; the calcium content in the fruit reached its maximum value in the young fruit period and then gradually decreased; the calcium content of perennial branches decreased first and then increased. The competitiveness against ~(41)Ca was far more powerful in leaves than in other tissues. The distribution of ~(41)Ca during the mature period showed as follow: the trunk( 67. 78%),followed by the leaves and branches,next is the peel and flesh and the lowest in the trunk and sticks skin. In summary,spraying different forms of calcium fertilizer at various stages of fruit development in Feicheng peach can effectively increase the calcium content of young organs such as fruits,shoots and leaves. With the help of ~(41)Ca tracer accelerator-based mass spectroscopic( AMS) technology,the movement distribution law of calcium in plants can be accurately studied. The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for calcium supplementation of Feicheng Peach.
引文
[1]陈文玉,宋红日,武猛,刘敏.肥城桃品质下降的原因分析及对策[J].落叶果树,2015,47(4):23-24
[2]Lin B,Zhou W,Zhang W C.Control and occurring of ventral suture softening in peach fruit[J].Soil Fertility,1996,6:19-21
[3]汪良驹,姜卫兵,何岐峰,范黄斌.苹果苦痘病的发生与钙、镁离子及抗氧化酶活性的关系[J].园艺学报,2001,28(3):200-205
[4]董彩霞,周健民,段增强,范晓晖,王火焰.番茄脐腐病发生机理研究综述[J].园艺学报,2001,28(S1):644-648
[5]赵晓梅,李疆,叶凯,吴玉鹏,祁岩龙.采前喷钙对库尔勒香梨黑心病和贮藏品质的影响[J].新疆农业大学学报,2012,35(6):452-456
[6]曹永庆,曹艳平,李壮,任杰,冷平.采前喷钙对溶质桃采后贮藏品质及后熟软化的影响[J].中国农业大学学报,2008,13(6):31-36
[7]Zhou H W,Feng X.Polyphenol oxidase from yali pear(Pyrus bretschneideri)[J].Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture,2010,57(3):307-313
[8]韩小虎,王雷,王钰馨,李玲,陈修德,肖伟,高东升.分根交替灌溉对桃树~(13)C分配和光合能力的影响[J].核农学报,2016,30(6):1218-1226
[9]魏颖娟,夏冰,赵杨,邹应斌.15N示踪不同施氮量对超级稻产量形成及氮素吸收的影响[J].核农学报,2016,30(4):783-791
[10]郭智成,李玉中,董一威,徐春英,房福力,李巧珍.不同氮肥处理对土壤和番茄中稳定性氮同位素丰度的影响[J].中国农业气象,2013,34(5):545-550
[11]门永阁,安欣,许海港,姜翰,魏绍冲,姜远茂.不同负载量对苹果13C和15N分配、利用的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2015,21(3):702-708
[12]宋波,杨远友,廖家莉,杨吉军,唐军,刘宁.利用45Ca探究BnTR1基因对油菜Ca2+吸收的影响[J].核农学报,2015,29(7):1366-1373
[13]Hillegonds D J,Fitzgerald R,Herold D.High-throughput measurement of41Ca by accelerator mass spectrometry to quantitate small changes in individual human bone turnover rates[J].Journal of the Association for Laboratory Automation,2004,9(3):99-102
[14]Denk E,Hillegonds D,Vogel J.Labeling the human skeleton with41Ca to assess changes in bone calcium metabolism[J].Analytical&Bioanalytical Chemistry,2006,386(6):1587-602
[15]王玲利,曾明,刘超.钙素营养对果实衰老调控的研究进展[J].中国南方果树,2014,43(3):47-53
[16]仝月澳,周厚基.果树营养诊断法.北京:农业出版社,1982
[17]窦亮,何明,董克君,武绍勇,庞芳芳,王小明,杨旭冉,赵庆章,姜山.利用AMS测量方法研究大鼠的钙吸收率[J].质谱学报,2016,37(2):180-185
[18]于天一,王春晓,张思斌,王丽丽,于晓霞,刘川江,王才斌,孙学武.土壤酸胁迫下不同花生品种(系)钙吸收、分配及钙效率差异[J].核农学报,2018,32(4):751-759
[19]马建军,张立彬,刘玉艳,许雪峰,于凤鸣.野生欧李生长期组织器官中不同形态钙含量的变化及其相关性[J].园艺学报,2008,35(5):631-636
[20]Yun SⅠ,Ro H M,Choi W J,Chang S X.Interactive effects of Nfertilizer source and timing of fertilization leave specific N isotopic signatures in Chinese cabbage and soil[J].Soil Biology&Biochemistry,2006,38(7):1682-1689
[21]庞芳芳.41Ca-AMS技术应用于癌细胞骨转移早期诊断的方法研究[D].桂林:广西师范大学,2015
[22]薛炳烨.肥城桃和草莓果实发育成熟软化生理机理的研究[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2002
[23]王雷.喷施钙肥对肥城桃钙动态及果实品质的影响[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2015
[24]罗华,李敏,冯志文,宋红日,张连忠.肥城桃果实不同发育时期的香气组分及其变化[J].湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2012,38(3):276-281
[25]刘剑锋.梨果实钙的吸收、运转机制及影响因素研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2004
[26]王雷,李玲,陈修德,韩小虎,王钰馨,高东升.喷施钙对肥城桃果活性钙含量及其在亚细胞分布的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2016,22(4):1102-1110
[27]Turner N A.Micro‐determination of oxalate in crude extracts of plant tissues[J].Journal of the Science of Food&Agriculture,1980,31(2):171-176
[28]Aghdam M S,Hassanpouraghdam M B,Paliyath G,Farmani B.The language of calcium in postharvest life of fruits,vegetables and flowers[J].Scientia Horticulturae,2012,144(3):102-115
[29]Bangerth F.Calcium-related physiological disorders of plants[J].Annual Review of Phytopathology,1979,17(1):97-122
[30]郑青松,王仁雷,刘友良.钙对盐胁迫下棉苗离子吸收分配的影响[J].植物生理学报,2001,27(4):325-330
[31]周卫,林葆.苹果幼果组织钙运输途径与激素调控[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2000,6(2):214-219,242
[2]Lin B,Zhou W,Zhang W C.Control and occurring of ventral suture softening in peach fruit[J].Soil Fertility,1996,6:19-21
[3]汪良驹,姜卫兵,何岐峰,范黄斌.苹果苦痘病的发生与钙、镁离子及抗氧化酶活性的关系[J].园艺学报,2001,28(3):200-205
[4]董彩霞,周健民,段增强,范晓晖,王火焰.番茄脐腐病发生机理研究综述[J].园艺学报,2001,28(S1):644-648
[5]赵晓梅,李疆,叶凯,吴玉鹏,祁岩龙.采前喷钙对库尔勒香梨黑心病和贮藏品质的影响[J].新疆农业大学学报,2012,35(6):452-456
[6]曹永庆,曹艳平,李壮,任杰,冷平.采前喷钙对溶质桃采后贮藏品质及后熟软化的影响[J].中国农业大学学报,2008,13(6):31-36
[7]Zhou H W,Feng X.Polyphenol oxidase from yali pear(Pyrus bretschneideri)[J].Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture,2010,57(3):307-313
[8]韩小虎,王雷,王钰馨,李玲,陈修德,肖伟,高东升.分根交替灌溉对桃树~(13)C分配和光合能力的影响[J].核农学报,2016,30(6):1218-1226
[9]魏颖娟,夏冰,赵杨,邹应斌.15N示踪不同施氮量对超级稻产量形成及氮素吸收的影响[J].核农学报,2016,30(4):783-791
[10]郭智成,李玉中,董一威,徐春英,房福力,李巧珍.不同氮肥处理对土壤和番茄中稳定性氮同位素丰度的影响[J].中国农业气象,2013,34(5):545-550
[11]门永阁,安欣,许海港,姜翰,魏绍冲,姜远茂.不同负载量对苹果13C和15N分配、利用的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2015,21(3):702-708
[12]宋波,杨远友,廖家莉,杨吉军,唐军,刘宁.利用45Ca探究BnTR1基因对油菜Ca2+吸收的影响[J].核农学报,2015,29(7):1366-1373
[13]Hillegonds D J,Fitzgerald R,Herold D.High-throughput measurement of41Ca by accelerator mass spectrometry to quantitate small changes in individual human bone turnover rates[J].Journal of the Association for Laboratory Automation,2004,9(3):99-102
[14]Denk E,Hillegonds D,Vogel J.Labeling the human skeleton with41Ca to assess changes in bone calcium metabolism[J].Analytical&Bioanalytical Chemistry,2006,386(6):1587-602
[15]王玲利,曾明,刘超.钙素营养对果实衰老调控的研究进展[J].中国南方果树,2014,43(3):47-53
[16]仝月澳,周厚基.果树营养诊断法.北京:农业出版社,1982
[17]窦亮,何明,董克君,武绍勇,庞芳芳,王小明,杨旭冉,赵庆章,姜山.利用AMS测量方法研究大鼠的钙吸收率[J].质谱学报,2016,37(2):180-185
[18]于天一,王春晓,张思斌,王丽丽,于晓霞,刘川江,王才斌,孙学武.土壤酸胁迫下不同花生品种(系)钙吸收、分配及钙效率差异[J].核农学报,2018,32(4):751-759
[19]马建军,张立彬,刘玉艳,许雪峰,于凤鸣.野生欧李生长期组织器官中不同形态钙含量的变化及其相关性[J].园艺学报,2008,35(5):631-636
[20]Yun SⅠ,Ro H M,Choi W J,Chang S X.Interactive effects of Nfertilizer source and timing of fertilization leave specific N isotopic signatures in Chinese cabbage and soil[J].Soil Biology&Biochemistry,2006,38(7):1682-1689
[21]庞芳芳.41Ca-AMS技术应用于癌细胞骨转移早期诊断的方法研究[D].桂林:广西师范大学,2015
[22]薛炳烨.肥城桃和草莓果实发育成熟软化生理机理的研究[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2002
[23]王雷.喷施钙肥对肥城桃钙动态及果实品质的影响[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2015
[24]罗华,李敏,冯志文,宋红日,张连忠.肥城桃果实不同发育时期的香气组分及其变化[J].湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2012,38(3):276-281
[25]刘剑锋.梨果实钙的吸收、运转机制及影响因素研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2004
[26]王雷,李玲,陈修德,韩小虎,王钰馨,高东升.喷施钙对肥城桃果活性钙含量及其在亚细胞分布的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2016,22(4):1102-1110
[27]Turner N A.Micro‐determination of oxalate in crude extracts of plant tissues[J].Journal of the Science of Food&Agriculture,1980,31(2):171-176
[28]Aghdam M S,Hassanpouraghdam M B,Paliyath G,Farmani B.The language of calcium in postharvest life of fruits,vegetables and flowers[J].Scientia Horticulturae,2012,144(3):102-115
[29]Bangerth F.Calcium-related physiological disorders of plants[J].Annual Review of Phytopathology,1979,17(1):97-122
[30]郑青松,王仁雷,刘友良.钙对盐胁迫下棉苗离子吸收分配的影响[J].植物生理学报,2001,27(4):325-330
[31]周卫,林葆.苹果幼果组织钙运输途径与激素调控[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2000,6(2):214-219,242