稻米品质形成和调控机理概述
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摘要
针对国内外稻米品质的研究现状,分析了稻米品质的形成机制,探讨了不同生育期稻米品质形成的影响因素。在全球气候变化的背景之下,如何适应CO2浓度和温度增高的影响将是今后提高稻米品质的研究方向之一。
This paper introduced the evaluation criteria of rice quality, for rice appearance quality, milling quality, cooking quality,eating quality and nutrition quality, according to the research of rice quality in China and abroad. Moreover, the mechanism of the rice quality formation was discussed, which mainly included the relationship between the organization structure, the material basis and the rice quality, as well as the influence factors in different growth stages of the formation of the rice quality. Furthermore, in this paper,the influencing factors of the rice quality was analyzed from genetic characteristics and environmental factors. In conclusion, starch and protein play an important role in rice quality formation. And the change of environmental factors would affect the synthesis and accumulation of starch. The environmental factors covered temperature, light, CO2 and others. In the background of global climate change, we should take appropriate measures to adjust to the influence of the increasing of the temperature and the CO2 density, so as to improve rice quality. It should be regarded as one of the research direction about improving rice quality in future.
This paper introduced the evaluation criteria of rice quality, for rice appearance quality, milling quality, cooking quality,eating quality and nutrition quality, according to the research of rice quality in China and abroad. Moreover, the mechanism of the rice quality formation was discussed, which mainly included the relationship between the organization structure, the material basis and the rice quality, as well as the influence factors in different growth stages of the formation of the rice quality. Furthermore, in this paper,the influencing factors of the rice quality was analyzed from genetic characteristics and environmental factors. In conclusion, starch and protein play an important role in rice quality formation. And the change of environmental factors would affect the synthesis and accumulation of starch. The environmental factors covered temperature, light, CO2 and others. In the background of global climate change, we should take appropriate measures to adjust to the influence of the increasing of the temperature and the CO2 density, so as to improve rice quality. It should be regarded as one of the research direction about improving rice quality in future.
引文
[1]何秀英,廖耀平,程永盛,等.水稻品质研究进展与展望[J].广东农业科学,2009(1):11-16.
[2]吕军,王伯伦,孟维韧,等.辽宁省水稻品质性状分析[J].垦殖与稻作,2006(4):10-12.
[3]王炎钦.m RNA水平水稻品质相关基因的大规模鉴定及应用初探[D].杭州:浙江大学,2006.
[4]钟海明,柳美南,颜春龙,等.稻米品质形成机理研究进展及水稻品质育种技术策略[J].江西农业学报,2007,19(6):5-11.
[5]赵黎明.稻米成分与品质的关系[J].北方水稻,2009,39(5):65-71.
[6]黄发松,孙宗修,胡培松,等.食用稻米品质形成研究的现状与展望[J].中国水稻科学,1998,12(3):172-176.
[7]张艳霞.稻米直链淀粉含量与淀粉理化特性及品质的关系[D].南京:南京农业大学,2007.
[8]张云康,李尧生,王永昭,等.酿酒籼糯米胚乳淀粉粒的扫描电镜观察[J].作物学报,1997,23(2):237-241.
[9]Bhattacharya K R,Sowbhagya C M,Swamy Y M.Quality profiles of rice:a tentative scheme for classification[J].J Food Sci,1982,47:564-569.
[10]Jane J,Chen L,Lee L F.Effects of amylopection branch chain length and amylose content on the gelatinization and pasting properties of starch[J].Cereal Chem,1999,76(5):629-637.
[11]吴长明,孙传清,陈亮,等.稻米营养品质性状的QTL及其与食味品质的关系研究[J].吉林农业科学,2002(4):3-7.
[12]沈鹏,罗秋香,金正勋.稻米蛋白质与蒸煮食味品质关系研究[J].东北农业大学学报,2003(4):368-371.
[13]徐正进,陈温福,马殿荣,等.辽宁水稻食味值及其与品质性状的关系[J].作物学报,2005,31(8):1 092-1 094.
[14]马莲菊,崔鑫福,吕文彦.淀粉合成相关酶活性变化及其与籽粒灌浆和稻米品质的关系[J].山东农业大学学报:自然科学版,2006,37(3):354-358.
[15]潘晓华,李木英,曹黎明,等.水稻发育胚乳中淀粉的积累及淀粉合成的酶活性变化[J].江西农业大学学报,1999,21(4):456-462.
[16]魏征,彭世彰,徐俊增,等.水肥调控对水稻茎蘖动态影响模拟研究[DB/OL].中国科技论文在线,2008-05-21.
[17]刘奇华,蔡建,李天,等.水稻籽粒灌浆特性及品质对孕穗期弱光胁迫的响应[J].江西农业大学学报,2007,29(2):172-175.
[18]刘博,韩勇,李建国,等.环境因子对水稻品质形成的影响[J].北方水稻,2009,39(3):10-12.
[19]盛大海,刘元英,李广宇,等.水稻源库关系研究进展与应用[J].东北农业大学学报,2009,40(5):117-122.
[20]吕文彦,邵国军,裴忠勇,等.辽宁省水稻品质兼及品质与产量关系的研究—不同源库关系与稻米品质[J].辽宁农业科学,2001(1):1-4.
[21]刘建.环境因子对稻米品质影响研究进展[J].湖北农学院学报,2002,22(6):550-554.
[22]李林,沙国栋,陆准淮.灌浆结实期温光因子对稻米品质的影响[J].中国农业气象,1989,10(3):33-38.
[23]李军,顾德法,李林峰.环境和栽培因子对稻米品质影响的研究进展[J].上海农业学报,1997,13(1):94-97.
[24]颜龙安,李季能,钟海明,等.优质稻米生产技术[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1999:30-37.
[25]李军,顾德法,李林峰.环境和栽培因子对稻米品质影响的研究进展[J].上海农业学报,1997,13(1):94-97.
[26]吕艳东,徐正进,陈温福,等.土壤水势下限对寒地水稻品质的影响[J].中国水稻科学,2011,25(5):515-522.
[27]吴关庭,夏英武.环境与栽培对稻米品质的影响[J].中国稻米,1994(4):37-39.
[28]谢立勇,林而达.二氧化碳浓度增高对稻、麦品质影响研究进展[J].应用生态学报,2007,18(3):659-664.
[29]王成瑷,王伯伦,张文香,等.土壤水分胁迫对水稻产量和品质的影响[J].作物学报,2006,32(1):131-137.
[30]湖南省优质稻生产技术体系及其应用理论研究协作组.施肥对稻米品质和产量影响的研究[J].湖南农学院学报,1989,15(3):1-5.
[31]殷大伟,马德全,郑桂萍,等.硅镁锌对寒地水稻品质的影响及其与产量的相关性[J].中国稻米,2010(2):26-29.
[32]商全玉,张文忠,徐正进,等.硅肥对北方粳稻产量和品质的影响[J].中国水稻科学,2009,23(6):661-664.
[33]孙伟,冯永祥,崔鹤,等.硅肥与生物肥混施对寒地水稻品质的影响[J].北方水稻,2010,40(3):13-16.
[2]吕军,王伯伦,孟维韧,等.辽宁省水稻品质性状分析[J].垦殖与稻作,2006(4):10-12.
[3]王炎钦.m RNA水平水稻品质相关基因的大规模鉴定及应用初探[D].杭州:浙江大学,2006.
[4]钟海明,柳美南,颜春龙,等.稻米品质形成机理研究进展及水稻品质育种技术策略[J].江西农业学报,2007,19(6):5-11.
[5]赵黎明.稻米成分与品质的关系[J].北方水稻,2009,39(5):65-71.
[6]黄发松,孙宗修,胡培松,等.食用稻米品质形成研究的现状与展望[J].中国水稻科学,1998,12(3):172-176.
[7]张艳霞.稻米直链淀粉含量与淀粉理化特性及品质的关系[D].南京:南京农业大学,2007.
[8]张云康,李尧生,王永昭,等.酿酒籼糯米胚乳淀粉粒的扫描电镜观察[J].作物学报,1997,23(2):237-241.
[9]Bhattacharya K R,Sowbhagya C M,Swamy Y M.Quality profiles of rice:a tentative scheme for classification[J].J Food Sci,1982,47:564-569.
[10]Jane J,Chen L,Lee L F.Effects of amylopection branch chain length and amylose content on the gelatinization and pasting properties of starch[J].Cereal Chem,1999,76(5):629-637.
[11]吴长明,孙传清,陈亮,等.稻米营养品质性状的QTL及其与食味品质的关系研究[J].吉林农业科学,2002(4):3-7.
[12]沈鹏,罗秋香,金正勋.稻米蛋白质与蒸煮食味品质关系研究[J].东北农业大学学报,2003(4):368-371.
[13]徐正进,陈温福,马殿荣,等.辽宁水稻食味值及其与品质性状的关系[J].作物学报,2005,31(8):1 092-1 094.
[14]马莲菊,崔鑫福,吕文彦.淀粉合成相关酶活性变化及其与籽粒灌浆和稻米品质的关系[J].山东农业大学学报:自然科学版,2006,37(3):354-358.
[15]潘晓华,李木英,曹黎明,等.水稻发育胚乳中淀粉的积累及淀粉合成的酶活性变化[J].江西农业大学学报,1999,21(4):456-462.
[16]魏征,彭世彰,徐俊增,等.水肥调控对水稻茎蘖动态影响模拟研究[DB/OL].中国科技论文在线,2008-05-21.
[17]刘奇华,蔡建,李天,等.水稻籽粒灌浆特性及品质对孕穗期弱光胁迫的响应[J].江西农业大学学报,2007,29(2):172-175.
[18]刘博,韩勇,李建国,等.环境因子对水稻品质形成的影响[J].北方水稻,2009,39(3):10-12.
[19]盛大海,刘元英,李广宇,等.水稻源库关系研究进展与应用[J].东北农业大学学报,2009,40(5):117-122.
[20]吕文彦,邵国军,裴忠勇,等.辽宁省水稻品质兼及品质与产量关系的研究—不同源库关系与稻米品质[J].辽宁农业科学,2001(1):1-4.
[21]刘建.环境因子对稻米品质影响研究进展[J].湖北农学院学报,2002,22(6):550-554.
[22]李林,沙国栋,陆准淮.灌浆结实期温光因子对稻米品质的影响[J].中国农业气象,1989,10(3):33-38.
[23]李军,顾德法,李林峰.环境和栽培因子对稻米品质影响的研究进展[J].上海农业学报,1997,13(1):94-97.
[24]颜龙安,李季能,钟海明,等.优质稻米生产技术[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1999:30-37.
[25]李军,顾德法,李林峰.环境和栽培因子对稻米品质影响的研究进展[J].上海农业学报,1997,13(1):94-97.
[26]吕艳东,徐正进,陈温福,等.土壤水势下限对寒地水稻品质的影响[J].中国水稻科学,2011,25(5):515-522.
[27]吴关庭,夏英武.环境与栽培对稻米品质的影响[J].中国稻米,1994(4):37-39.
[28]谢立勇,林而达.二氧化碳浓度增高对稻、麦品质影响研究进展[J].应用生态学报,2007,18(3):659-664.
[29]王成瑷,王伯伦,张文香,等.土壤水分胁迫对水稻产量和品质的影响[J].作物学报,2006,32(1):131-137.
[30]湖南省优质稻生产技术体系及其应用理论研究协作组.施肥对稻米品质和产量影响的研究[J].湖南农学院学报,1989,15(3):1-5.
[31]殷大伟,马德全,郑桂萍,等.硅镁锌对寒地水稻品质的影响及其与产量的相关性[J].中国稻米,2010(2):26-29.
[32]商全玉,张文忠,徐正进,等.硅肥对北方粳稻产量和品质的影响[J].中国水稻科学,2009,23(6):661-664.
[33]孙伟,冯永祥,崔鹤,等.硅肥与生物肥混施对寒地水稻品质的影响[J].北方水稻,2010,40(3):13-16.