不同光周期条件下谷子农艺性状的光周期敏感性评价
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摘要
本研究连续2年在海南和洛阳两个不同日照长度的生态区调查了156份谷子材料的株高、叶片数、抽穗期、穗长、穗粗、穗码数、码粒数、穗粒重、千粒重9个主要农艺性状,通过9个性状的相对光周期敏感度比较分析、构建光周期敏感性综合评价指标D值对各性状进行回归分析两种方法评价9个性状的光周期敏感性,筛选能够准确反映谷子光周期敏感性的指标性状,为开展谷子光周期敏感性遗传学分析、光周期敏感性相关基因的定位奠定基础。结果表明:光周期相对敏感度排列顺序为:穗码数>抽穗期>穗长>株高>叶片数>穗粒重;各个农艺性状对光周期敏感综合指标D的回归方程为D=-8.803×10-18+0.187X_1+0.041X_2+0.146X_3+0.202X_4+0.130X_5+0.081X_6+0.098X_7-0.086X_8+0.126X_9,其中X_1、X_2、X_3、X_4、X_5、X_6、X_7、X_8、X_9分别代表抽穗期、穗粒重、株高、叶片数、穗长、穗粗、穗码数、码粒数、千粒重。9个农艺性状对光周期敏感综合指标D的直接作用最大的是穗码数(0.395),其次是穗长(0.239)、抽穗期(0.228)、穗粒重(0.176)、叶片数(0.164)、株高(0.144)。结合各个农艺性状的相对敏感度比较分析结果以及各农艺性状对综合指标D的回归分析结果,得出穗码数、穗长、抽穗期3个性状为谷子光周期极敏感指标,叶片数光周期敏感度较弱,可以作为谷子光周期敏感性评价的次要指标,株高、穗粒重在两种评价方法中排序差异较大,稳定性差,不适合作为谷子光周期敏感性评价指标。
In order to evaluate the photoperiod sensitivity of foxtail millet cultivars,here we investigated nine agronomic traits of 156 cultivars in two calendar years under two ecological areas with different photoperiod conditions. By deployment of photoperiod relative sensitivity comparsion analysis and photoperiod sensitivity comprehensive index D,we evaluated nine agronomic traits that associated with the photoperiod. The large phenotypic variations were observed( spikelet number > heading stage > panicle length > plant height > number of leaves > grain weight per panicle). The formula to calculate the light sensitivity comprehensive index D was D =-8. 803 × 10-18+0. 187 X_1+ 0. 041 X_2+ 0. 146 X_3+ 0. 202 X_4+ 0. 130 X_5+ 0. 081 X_6+ 0. 098 X_7-0. 086 X_8+ 0. 126 X_9,where X_1,X_2,X_3,X_4,X_5,X_6,X_7,X_8 and X_9 represented heading stage,grain weight per panicle,plant height,number of leaves,panicle length,panicle diameter,spikelet number,grain number per spikelet and 1000-grain weight,respectively.The D values of spikelet number,panicle length,heading stage and grain weight per panicle number of leaves and plant height were 0. 395,0. 239,0. 228,0. 176,0. 164 and 0. 144,respectively. Taken together,this result suggestedthat spikelet number,panicle length and heading stage were strongly photoperiod sensitive indices,while number of leaves showed moderate photoperiod sensitivity,both of which could serve as indexs for evaluating foxtail millet photoperiod sensitivity. Due to the large variation on plant height and grain weight per panicle,both traits might be not considered to be deployed in photoperiod sensitivity evaulation in foxtail millet.
In order to evaluate the photoperiod sensitivity of foxtail millet cultivars,here we investigated nine agronomic traits of 156 cultivars in two calendar years under two ecological areas with different photoperiod conditions. By deployment of photoperiod relative sensitivity comparsion analysis and photoperiod sensitivity comprehensive index D,we evaluated nine agronomic traits that associated with the photoperiod. The large phenotypic variations were observed( spikelet number > heading stage > panicle length > plant height > number of leaves > grain weight per panicle). The formula to calculate the light sensitivity comprehensive index D was D =-8. 803 × 10-18+0. 187 X_1+ 0. 041 X_2+ 0. 146 X_3+ 0. 202 X_4+ 0. 130 X_5+ 0. 081 X_6+ 0. 098 X_7-0. 086 X_8+ 0. 126 X_9,where X_1,X_2,X_3,X_4,X_5,X_6,X_7,X_8 and X_9 represented heading stage,grain weight per panicle,plant height,number of leaves,panicle length,panicle diameter,spikelet number,grain number per spikelet and 1000-grain weight,respectively.The D values of spikelet number,panicle length,heading stage and grain weight per panicle number of leaves and plant height were 0. 395,0. 239,0. 228,0. 176,0. 164 and 0. 144,respectively. Taken together,this result suggestedthat spikelet number,panicle length and heading stage were strongly photoperiod sensitive indices,while number of leaves showed moderate photoperiod sensitivity,both of which could serve as indexs for evaluating foxtail millet photoperiod sensitivity. Due to the large variation on plant height and grain weight per panicle,both traits might be not considered to be deployed in photoperiod sensitivity evaulation in foxtail millet.
引文
[1]朱学海,宋燕春,赵治海,石云素,刘颖慧,黎裕,王天宇.用渗透剂胁迫鉴定谷子芽期耐旱性的方法研究.植物遗传资源学报,2008,9(1):62-67
[2]张文英,智慧,柳斌辉,彭海成,李伟,王永芳,李海权,栗雨勤,刁现民.谷子全生育期抗旱性鉴定及抗旱指标筛选.植物遗传资源学报,2010,11(5):560-565
[3]张文英,智慧,柳斌辉,谢俊雪,李积铭,李伟,贾冠清,王永芳,李海权,柴杨,栗雨勤,刁现民.谷子孕穗期抗旱指标筛选.植物遗传资源学报,2012,13(5):765-772
[4]张艾英,郭二虎,刁现民,范惠萍,李瑜辉,王丽霞,郭红亮,程丽萍,吴引生.2005-2015年西北春谷中晚熟区谷子育成品种评价.中国农业科学,2017,50(23):4486-4495
[5]张艾英,刁现民,郭二虎,范惠萍,王丽霞,李瑜辉,程丽萍,吴引生,张莉.西北春谷早熟区谷子品种十五年变化趋势及主要性状分析.中国农业科学,2017,50(23):4496-4506
[6]田伯红.谷子地方品种和育成品种的遗传多样性研究.植物遗传资源学报,2010,11(2):224-228
[7]丁银灯,聂石辉,王仙,胡相伟,冯国郡,耿洪伟,战帅帅.谷子主要育成品种在新疆的遗传多样性研究.植物遗传资源学报,2018,19(2):232-242
[8]元香梅,禾璐,张凯烨,武雪,马芳芳,王军,韩渊怀.谷子XTH基因家族与抗旱相关基因的分析.山西农业大学学报:自然科学版,2017,37(1):1-6
[9]程璐,张彬,张耀元,苏彦冰,魏东,郭展,李红英.谷子MYB转录因子家族与抗旱关系的研究.山西农业大学学报:自然科学版,2016,36(12):846-849,867
[10]贾小平,董志平,董普辉,郁飞燕.谷子天冬氨酸转氨酶基因部分片段的克隆.华北农学报,2015,30(4):21-24
[11]Gouesnard B,Rebourg C,Welcker C,Charcosset A.Analysis of photoperiod sensitivity within a collection of tropical maize populations.Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution,2002,49:471-481
[12]韩天富,王金陵.大豆开花后光周期反应的研究.植物学报,1995,37(11):863-869
[13]Sun H B,Jia Z,Cao D,Jiang B J,Wu C X,Hou W S,Liu Y K,Fei Z H,Zhao D Z,Han T F.Gm FT2a,a soybean homolog of flowering locus T,is involved in flowering transition and maintenance.PLo S One,2011,6(12):e29238
[14]杨志攀,张晓娟,蔡淑平,邱德珍,王国勋,周新安.大豆“短青春期”品种的光(温)反应研究Ⅱ.对短日照的反应.中国油料作物学报,2001,23(2):35-39
[15]杨志攀,张晓娟,蔡淑平,邱德珍,王国勋,周新安.大豆“短青春期”品种的光(温)反应研究Ⅲ.对长日照的反应.大豆科学,2001,20(3):191-196
[16]谢丽莉.谷子光周期敏感相关性状的QTL定位与分析.郑州:河南农业大学,2012
[17]Margarita M H,Wang X W,Barbier H,Brutnell T P,Devos K M,Doust A N.Genetic control and comparative genomic analysis of flowering time in Setaria(Poaceae).G3-Genes Genomes Genetics,2013,3(2):283-295
[18]Doust A N,Mauro-Herrera M,Hodgeand J G,Stromsk J.The C4model grass Setaria is a short day plant with secondary long day genetic regulation.Frontiers in Plant Science,2017,8:1-10
[19]穆彩琴,屈聪玲,张瑞娟,李燕,杨致荣.谷子CO家族基因的全基因组鉴定与分析.山西农业科学,2016,44(9):1243-1246
[20]Bennetzen J L,Schmutz J,Wang H,Percifield R,Hawkins J,Pontaroli A C,Estep M,Feng L,Vaughn J N,Grimwood J,Jenkins J,Barry K,Lindquist E,Hellsten U,Deshpande S,Wang X W,Wu X M,Mitros T,Triplett J,Yang X H,Ye C Y,Mauro-Herrera M,Wang L,Li P H,Sharma M,Sharma R,Ronald P C,Panaud O,Kellogg E A,Brutnell T P,Doust A N,Tuskan G A,Rokhsar D,Devos K M.Reference genome sequence of the model plant setaria.Nature Biotechnology,2012,30(6):555-564
[21]Zhang G Y,Liu X,Quan Z W,Cheng S F,Xu X,Pan S K,Xie M,Zeng P,Yue Z,Wang W L,Tao Y,Bian C,Han C L,Xia Q J,Peng X H,Cao R,Yang X H,Zhan D L,Hu J C,Zhang Y X,Li H N,Li H,Li N,Wang J Y,Wang C C,Wang R Y,Guo T,Cai Y J,Liu C Z,Xiang H T,Shi Q X,Huang P,Chen Q C,Li Y R,Wang J,Zhao Z H,Wang J.Genome sequence of foxtail millet(Setaria italica)provides insights into grass evolution and biofuel potential.Nature Biotechnology,2012,30(6):549-556
[22]贾小平,董普辉,张红晓,孔祥生.不同谷子品种(系)生长发育及抗倒性分析.河南农业科学,2015,44(8):27-31
[23]贾小平,董普辉,张红晓,全建章,董志平.谷子抗倒伏性和株高、穗部性状的相关性研究.植物遗传资源学报,2015,16(6):1188-1193
[24]梁文科.热带温带玉米群体育种价值评估及光周期反应敏感性指标研究.武汉:华中农业大学,2008
[25]陈彦惠,吴连成,吴建宇,席章营.两种纬度生态条件下热带、亚热带玉米种质群体的鉴定.中国农业科学,2000,33(S):40-48
[26]夏正俊.大豆光周期反应与生育期基因研究进展.作物学报,2013,39(4):571-579
[27]徐铨,奥本裕,王晓雪.水稻开花期调控分子机理研究进展.植物遗传资源学报,2014,15(1):129-136
[28]Doust A N,Diao X M.Genetics and genomics of setaria.Berlin:Springer,2017:197-210
[2]张文英,智慧,柳斌辉,彭海成,李伟,王永芳,李海权,栗雨勤,刁现民.谷子全生育期抗旱性鉴定及抗旱指标筛选.植物遗传资源学报,2010,11(5):560-565
[3]张文英,智慧,柳斌辉,谢俊雪,李积铭,李伟,贾冠清,王永芳,李海权,柴杨,栗雨勤,刁现民.谷子孕穗期抗旱指标筛选.植物遗传资源学报,2012,13(5):765-772
[4]张艾英,郭二虎,刁现民,范惠萍,李瑜辉,王丽霞,郭红亮,程丽萍,吴引生.2005-2015年西北春谷中晚熟区谷子育成品种评价.中国农业科学,2017,50(23):4486-4495
[5]张艾英,刁现民,郭二虎,范惠萍,王丽霞,李瑜辉,程丽萍,吴引生,张莉.西北春谷早熟区谷子品种十五年变化趋势及主要性状分析.中国农业科学,2017,50(23):4496-4506
[6]田伯红.谷子地方品种和育成品种的遗传多样性研究.植物遗传资源学报,2010,11(2):224-228
[7]丁银灯,聂石辉,王仙,胡相伟,冯国郡,耿洪伟,战帅帅.谷子主要育成品种在新疆的遗传多样性研究.植物遗传资源学报,2018,19(2):232-242
[8]元香梅,禾璐,张凯烨,武雪,马芳芳,王军,韩渊怀.谷子XTH基因家族与抗旱相关基因的分析.山西农业大学学报:自然科学版,2017,37(1):1-6
[9]程璐,张彬,张耀元,苏彦冰,魏东,郭展,李红英.谷子MYB转录因子家族与抗旱关系的研究.山西农业大学学报:自然科学版,2016,36(12):846-849,867
[10]贾小平,董志平,董普辉,郁飞燕.谷子天冬氨酸转氨酶基因部分片段的克隆.华北农学报,2015,30(4):21-24
[11]Gouesnard B,Rebourg C,Welcker C,Charcosset A.Analysis of photoperiod sensitivity within a collection of tropical maize populations.Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution,2002,49:471-481
[12]韩天富,王金陵.大豆开花后光周期反应的研究.植物学报,1995,37(11):863-869
[13]Sun H B,Jia Z,Cao D,Jiang B J,Wu C X,Hou W S,Liu Y K,Fei Z H,Zhao D Z,Han T F.Gm FT2a,a soybean homolog of flowering locus T,is involved in flowering transition and maintenance.PLo S One,2011,6(12):e29238
[14]杨志攀,张晓娟,蔡淑平,邱德珍,王国勋,周新安.大豆“短青春期”品种的光(温)反应研究Ⅱ.对短日照的反应.中国油料作物学报,2001,23(2):35-39
[15]杨志攀,张晓娟,蔡淑平,邱德珍,王国勋,周新安.大豆“短青春期”品种的光(温)反应研究Ⅲ.对长日照的反应.大豆科学,2001,20(3):191-196
[16]谢丽莉.谷子光周期敏感相关性状的QTL定位与分析.郑州:河南农业大学,2012
[17]Margarita M H,Wang X W,Barbier H,Brutnell T P,Devos K M,Doust A N.Genetic control and comparative genomic analysis of flowering time in Setaria(Poaceae).G3-Genes Genomes Genetics,2013,3(2):283-295
[18]Doust A N,Mauro-Herrera M,Hodgeand J G,Stromsk J.The C4model grass Setaria is a short day plant with secondary long day genetic regulation.Frontiers in Plant Science,2017,8:1-10
[19]穆彩琴,屈聪玲,张瑞娟,李燕,杨致荣.谷子CO家族基因的全基因组鉴定与分析.山西农业科学,2016,44(9):1243-1246
[20]Bennetzen J L,Schmutz J,Wang H,Percifield R,Hawkins J,Pontaroli A C,Estep M,Feng L,Vaughn J N,Grimwood J,Jenkins J,Barry K,Lindquist E,Hellsten U,Deshpande S,Wang X W,Wu X M,Mitros T,Triplett J,Yang X H,Ye C Y,Mauro-Herrera M,Wang L,Li P H,Sharma M,Sharma R,Ronald P C,Panaud O,Kellogg E A,Brutnell T P,Doust A N,Tuskan G A,Rokhsar D,Devos K M.Reference genome sequence of the model plant setaria.Nature Biotechnology,2012,30(6):555-564
[21]Zhang G Y,Liu X,Quan Z W,Cheng S F,Xu X,Pan S K,Xie M,Zeng P,Yue Z,Wang W L,Tao Y,Bian C,Han C L,Xia Q J,Peng X H,Cao R,Yang X H,Zhan D L,Hu J C,Zhang Y X,Li H N,Li H,Li N,Wang J Y,Wang C C,Wang R Y,Guo T,Cai Y J,Liu C Z,Xiang H T,Shi Q X,Huang P,Chen Q C,Li Y R,Wang J,Zhao Z H,Wang J.Genome sequence of foxtail millet(Setaria italica)provides insights into grass evolution and biofuel potential.Nature Biotechnology,2012,30(6):549-556
[22]贾小平,董普辉,张红晓,孔祥生.不同谷子品种(系)生长发育及抗倒性分析.河南农业科学,2015,44(8):27-31
[23]贾小平,董普辉,张红晓,全建章,董志平.谷子抗倒伏性和株高、穗部性状的相关性研究.植物遗传资源学报,2015,16(6):1188-1193
[24]梁文科.热带温带玉米群体育种价值评估及光周期反应敏感性指标研究.武汉:华中农业大学,2008
[25]陈彦惠,吴连成,吴建宇,席章营.两种纬度生态条件下热带、亚热带玉米种质群体的鉴定.中国农业科学,2000,33(S):40-48
[26]夏正俊.大豆光周期反应与生育期基因研究进展.作物学报,2013,39(4):571-579
[27]徐铨,奥本裕,王晓雪.水稻开花期调控分子机理研究进展.植物遗传资源学报,2014,15(1):129-136
[28]Doust A N,Diao X M.Genetics and genomics of setaria.Berlin:Springer,2017:197-210