高压煤制气环境下X80钢及热影响区的氢渗透参数研究
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摘要
采用焊接热模拟技术制备了X80管线钢焊接接头热影响区不同亚区的试样,通过高压含氢煤制气环境下的氢渗透实验考察了X80钢及热影响区中的氢渗透行为,并计算了相应的氢渗透参数.结果发现,与X80钢相比,热影响区的氢扩散系数有了不同程度的增加,且随峰值温度的升高而增加,吸附氢浓度、氢溶解度和氢陷阱密度则呈现了相反的规律.结合显微组织分析发现,大角度晶界含量、位错密度和晶界平直度为影响氢渗透参数的主要因素.过热粗晶区具有最高的氢扩散系数,主要是由于该区峰值温度最高,奥氏体晶粒发生严重长大,晶界平直度增加,冷却后生成了粗大的贝氏体铁素体,大角度晶界含量显著减少,位错密度较X80钢也有所降低,对氢的捕获作用减弱.
Hydrogen gas is usually included in coal gas environment, so hydrogen induced permeation would happen to pipeline, especially in welding heat affected zone(HAZ). Hydrogen permeation process in pipeline is the preconditions for the following hydrogen embrittlement failure. With the development of coal gas industry, the basic research to the hydrogen permeation behavior in pipeline under coal gas circumstance is still unfortunately lack and urgently needed to supplement. In this work, X80 pipeline steel was used, and the HAZ samples, including intercritical heat affected zone(ICHAZ), fine grained heat affected zone(FGHAZ) and coarse grained heat affected zone(CGHAZ), were experimentally simulated using a Gleeble 3500 simulator. Next, hydrogen permeation tests were conducted on X80 pipeline steel and HAZs in coal gas environment. Calculated results indicated that the hydrogen diffusion coefficient increased with the rise of peak temperature in HAZs, but it was opposite to other parameters, such as sub-surface hydrogen concentration, hydrogen solubility and hydrogen trap density. The mechanism of the difference in HAZ hydrogen permeation parameters was analyzed combined with OM, EBSD and TEM analysis. It turned out that the content of large-angle grain boundaries, the grain boundary straightness and dislocation density were the main factors, where the large-angle grain boundaries and dislocations could dramatically arrest hydrogen atoms while the straight grain boundaries may act as hydrogen diffusion path. For FGHAZ, the straight grain boundary and low dislocation density compared with matrix played the predominant role in hydrogen diffusion process, and thus the hydrogen diffusion coefficient increased compared with steel substrate. For ICHAZ and CGHAZ, the decrease of large-angle grain boundaries and dislocation density acted as the main factor, especially for CGHAZ, the microstructures was mainly composed of tabular bainite ferrite(BF) with large grain size and straight grain boundaries because of the highest peak temperature, and the content of large-angle grain boundaries decreased obviously. In comparation with other regions, CGHAZ had the highest hydrogen diffusion coefficient and the lowest hydrogen trap density and hydrogen solubility.
Hydrogen gas is usually included in coal gas environment, so hydrogen induced permeation would happen to pipeline, especially in welding heat affected zone(HAZ). Hydrogen permeation process in pipeline is the preconditions for the following hydrogen embrittlement failure. With the development of coal gas industry, the basic research to the hydrogen permeation behavior in pipeline under coal gas circumstance is still unfortunately lack and urgently needed to supplement. In this work, X80 pipeline steel was used, and the HAZ samples, including intercritical heat affected zone(ICHAZ), fine grained heat affected zone(FGHAZ) and coarse grained heat affected zone(CGHAZ), were experimentally simulated using a Gleeble 3500 simulator. Next, hydrogen permeation tests were conducted on X80 pipeline steel and HAZs in coal gas environment. Calculated results indicated that the hydrogen diffusion coefficient increased with the rise of peak temperature in HAZs, but it was opposite to other parameters, such as sub-surface hydrogen concentration, hydrogen solubility and hydrogen trap density. The mechanism of the difference in HAZ hydrogen permeation parameters was analyzed combined with OM, EBSD and TEM analysis. It turned out that the content of large-angle grain boundaries, the grain boundary straightness and dislocation density were the main factors, where the large-angle grain boundaries and dislocations could dramatically arrest hydrogen atoms while the straight grain boundaries may act as hydrogen diffusion path. For FGHAZ, the straight grain boundary and low dislocation density compared with matrix played the predominant role in hydrogen diffusion process, and thus the hydrogen diffusion coefficient increased compared with steel substrate. For ICHAZ and CGHAZ, the decrease of large-angle grain boundaries and dislocation density acted as the main factor, especially for CGHAZ, the microstructures was mainly composed of tabular bainite ferrite(BF) with large grain size and straight grain boundaries because of the highest peak temperature, and the content of large-angle grain boundaries decreased obviously. In comparation with other regions, CGHAZ had the highest hydrogen diffusion coefficient and the lowest hydrogen trap density and hydrogen solubility.
引文
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[2]Meliani M H,Azari Z,Matvienko Y G,Pluvinage G.Proc Eng,2011;10:942
[3]Somerday B P,Sofronis P,Nibur K A,Marchi C S,Kirchheim R.Acta Mater,2013;61:6153
[4]Zhu M,Liu Z Y,Du C W,Li X G,Li J K,Li Q,Jia J H.Acta Metall Sin,2013;49:1590(朱敏,刘智勇,杜翠薇,李晓刚,李建宽,李琼,贾静焕.金属学报,2013;49:1590)
[5]Li X F,Wang Y F,Zhang P,Li B,Song X L,Chen J.Mater Sci Eng,2014;A616:116
[6]Zhu X,Li W,Hsu T Y,Zhou S,Wang L,Jin X J.Scr Mater,2015;97:21
[7]Sun Y W,Chen J Z,Liu J.Mater Sci Eng,2015;A625:89
[8]Dodds P E,Demoullin S.Int J Hydrogen Energy,2013;38:7189
[9]Haeseldonckx D,Djaeseleer W.Int J Hydrogen Energy,2007;32:1381
[10]Liu Y,Li Y,Li Q.Acta Metall Sin,2013;49:1089(刘玉,李焰,李强.金属学报,2013;49:1089)
[11]Fan L,Liu Z Y,Du C W,Li X G.Acta Metall Sin,2013;49:689(范林,刘智勇,杜翠薇,李晓刚.金属学报,2013;49:689)
[12]Esaklul K A,Ahmed T M.Eng Fail Anal,2009;16:1195
[13]Capelle J,Gilgert J,Dmytrakh I,Plubinage G.Int J Hydrogen Energy,2008;33:7630
[14]Yang Z.Master Thesis,Institute of Oceanography,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao,2004(杨洲.中国科学院海洋研究所硕士学位论文,青岛,2004)
[15]Briottet L,Batisse R,Dinechin G,Langlois P,Thiers L.Int J Hydrogen Energy,2012;37:9423
[16]Nanninga N E,Levy Y S,Drexler E S,Condon R T,Stevenson A E,Slifka A J.Corros Sci,2012;52:1
[17]Briottet L,Moro I,Lemoine P.Int J Hydrogen Energy,2012;37:17616
[18]Moro I,Briottet L,Lemoine P,Andrieu E,Blanc C,Odemer G.Mater Sci Eng,2010;A527:7252
[19]Miao C L,Shang C J,Wang X M,Zhang L F.Acta Metall Sin,2010;46:541(缪成亮,尚成嘉,王学敏,张龙飞.金属学报,2010;46:541)
[20]Zhu Z X,Kuzmikova L,Li H J,Barbaro F.Mater Sci Eng,2014;A605:8
[21]Chen X W,Qiao G Y,Han X L,Wang X,Xiao F R,Liao B.Mater Des,2014;53:888
[22]Li H L,Guo S W,Feng Y R,Huo C Y,Chai H F.Microstructure Analysis and Metallograph Identification of High-Strength Microalloying Pipelines Steel.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2001:69(李鹤林,郭生武,冯耀荣,霍春勇,柴惠芬.高强度微合金管线钢显微组织分析与鉴别图谱.北京:石油工业出版社,2001:69)
[23]Cheng Y F.Int J Hydrogen Energy,2007;32:1269
[24]Zhang T M,Zhao W M,Guo W,Wang Y.J Chin Soc Corros Prot,2014;34:315(张体明,赵卫民,郭望,王勇.中国腐蚀与防护学报,2014;24:315)
[25]Zhou C S,Zheng S Q,Chen C F,Lu G W.Corros Sci,2013;67:184
[26]Chu W Y.Hydrogen Damage and Delayed Fracture.Beijing:Metallurgy Industry Press,2000:22(褚武扬.氢损伤与滞后断裂.北京:冶金工业出版社,2000:22)
[27]Rivera P C,Ramunni V P,Bruzzoni P.Corros Sci,2012;54:106
[28]Xue H B,Cheng Y F.J Mater Eng Perform,2013;22:170
[29]Chen Y X,Chang Q G.Acta Metall Sin,2011;47:548(陈业新,常庆刚.金属学报,2011;47:548)
[30]Teus S M,Mazanko V F,Olive J M,Gavrijuk V G.Acta Mater,2014;69:105
[31]Jothi S,Croft T N,Brown S G R.Int J Hydrogen Energy,2014;39:20671
[32]Smoluchowski R.Phys Rev,1952;87:482
[33]Yazdipour N,Haq A J,Muzaka K,Pereloma E V.Comput Mater Sci,2012;56:49