山东省艾滋病流行特征分析
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摘要
目的分析山东省艾滋病(AIDS)流行特征,为预防控制措施的制定提供参考依据。方法对1992-2016年山东省报告的艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者和AIDS病例的流行病学资料进行统计分析。结果山东省1992-2016年累计报告HIV/AIDS病例10 808例,年报告病例数呈上升趋势;病例报告数居前5位的为济南、青岛、临沂、菏泽和潍坊市,病例数占总报告数的55.21%。性传播成为AIDS的主要传播途径,其中男男同性性传播占57.32%,异性性传播占34.03%;男女性别比为6.32∶1;青壮年为主要感染人群,15~44岁年龄组占80.78%,高中及以下文化程度者占71.68%;户籍以本省为主,占88.22%;职业以农民、家政、家务及待业为主,占43.29%。结论山东省HIV/AIDS疫情形势严峻,且存在地区差异,性传播为主要传播途径,需要进一步加大综合防治力度。
Objectives To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of HIV/AIDS in Shandong Province and to provide a basis for HIV prevention and control. Methods Data on HIV/AIDS were obtained from HIV/AIDS Comprehensive Response Information Management System.Epidemiological data on people infected with HIV and patients with AIDS in Shandong Province from 1992 to 2016 were analyzed. Results A total 10,808 cases of HIV/AIDS were reported from 1992 to 2016,and this number has tended to increase each year.Cities with the leading numbers of reported cases were Jinan,Qingdao,Linyi,Heze,and Weifang,where 55.21% of all cases were reported.The main route of transmission was by sex,with male homosexual transmission accounting for 57.32% and heterosexual transmission accounting for 34.03%.The ratio of male to female patients was 6.32:1.Most of the people infected were younger;80.78% of patients were ages 15 to 44.More than 71.68% of the people infected had a high school or lower level of education.Eighty-eight-point-two-two percent of reported HIV/AIDS cases involved residents of Shandong Province.Most(43.29%)of the people infected were farmers,household staff,or unemployed. Conclusion HIV/AIDS is highly prevalent in Shandong Province.Its prevalence differs by geography and its main route of transmission is by sex.More attention should be paid to prevention and control efforts.
Objectives To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of HIV/AIDS in Shandong Province and to provide a basis for HIV prevention and control. Methods Data on HIV/AIDS were obtained from HIV/AIDS Comprehensive Response Information Management System.Epidemiological data on people infected with HIV and patients with AIDS in Shandong Province from 1992 to 2016 were analyzed. Results A total 10,808 cases of HIV/AIDS were reported from 1992 to 2016,and this number has tended to increase each year.Cities with the leading numbers of reported cases were Jinan,Qingdao,Linyi,Heze,and Weifang,where 55.21% of all cases were reported.The main route of transmission was by sex,with male homosexual transmission accounting for 57.32% and heterosexual transmission accounting for 34.03%.The ratio of male to female patients was 6.32:1.Most of the people infected were younger;80.78% of patients were ages 15 to 44.More than 71.68% of the people infected had a high school or lower level of education.Eighty-eight-point-two-two percent of reported HIV/AIDS cases involved residents of Shandong Province.Most(43.29%)of the people infected were farmers,household staff,or unemployed. Conclusion HIV/AIDS is highly prevalent in Shandong Province.Its prevalence differs by geography and its main route of transmission is by sex.More attention should be paid to prevention and control efforts.
引文
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[2]中国疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病预防控制中心性病控制中心.2016年12月全国艾滋病性病疫情[J].中国艾滋病性病,2017,2(2):93.
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[7]张娜,杨兴光,王国永,等.山东省2009-2015年HIV/AIDS流行的时空分布特征[J].中华流行病学杂志,2017,38(2):226-30.
[8]曹元元,胡先明,曲成毅,等.山西省艾滋病流行现状分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2012,16(4):301-3.
[9]白光义,王伟,赵宏儒,等.河北省2004-2013年性传播艾滋病男性患者流行特征分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2014,8(12):1170-2,1176.
[10]钱跃升,陶小润,郝连正,等.MSM人群艾滋病感染状况及影响因素研究[J].中国艾滋病性病,2012,18(11):738-40.
[11]Liao M,Kang D,Jiang B,et al.Bisexual behavior and infection with HIV and syphilis among men who have sex with men along the east coast of China[J].AIDS Patient Care STDS,2011(25):683-91.
[12]Zhang N,Bussell S,Wang GY,et al.Disparities in HIV care along the path from infection to viral suppression:a cross-sectional study of HIV/AIDS patient record in 2013,Shandong Province,China[J].Clin Infect Dis,2016(63):115-21.
[13]Zhang N,Kang DM,Wang GY,et al.The spectrum of engagement in HIV care:how is it in Shandong Province,China?[J].Clin Infect Dis,2015(60):1292.
[14]初爱娟,胡军,唐宏雁,等.山东省多部门合作艾滋病防治工作的情况分析[J].卫生软科学,2014,28(10):669-72.
[15]彭琳,张菊英,黎瀚东,等.成都市男男性工作者艾滋病性病知信行定性研究[J].中国健康教育,2014,30(9):811-3.
[16]霍炜,张纪东,井文喜.以家庭为单位的HIV/AIDS病人治疗关怀模式的实践与成效[J].中国艾滋病性病,2014,38(2):728-32.
[17]马海玲,黄竹林,赵俊仕,等.志愿者小组与医疗机构合作提高MSM中性病患者接受规范医疗服务模式的研究[J].实用预防医学,2014,21(5):517-9.
[18]袁源,刘宏伟,刘春华,等.河南省中部地区艾滋病抗病毒治疗失败患者HIV-1耐药基因突变分析[J].中国病原生物学杂志,2016,11(4):329-33.
[19]张枭,金樱枝,付文捷,等.社区医院开展艾滋病高危行为干预工作质量的影响因素[J].中国艾滋病性病,2015,21(12):1069-72.
[20]张琪超,蔡晓峰,石群,等.以社区为基础艾滋病综合防制模式可行性探讨[J].职业与健康,2015,31(9):2545-8.
[21]于绍起,张娜娜,刘冬莹,等.1992-2014年潍坊市艾滋病个案流行病学调查结果分析[J].中国病原生物学杂志,2015,10(11):1024-7,1039.
[22]张祖样,梅静远,赵臣,等.云南省男性流动人群艾滋病高危行为现况分析[J].现代预防医学,2015,42(18):3403-6.
[23]燕清丽,杨鹏飞,郭宏雄,等.淮安市异性性传播途径感染HIV-1毒株的流行特征及分子进化研究[J].中国病原生物学杂志,2016,11(1):55-9,78.
[24]梁国钧.医疗机构开展性病艾滋病干预服务现状[J].中国艾滋病性病,2014,20(7):553-4.
[2]中国疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病预防控制中心性病控制中心.2016年12月全国艾滋病性病疫情[J].中国艾滋病性病,2017,2(2):93.
[3]吕翠霞,傅继华,张晓菲.山东省艾滋病疫情与流动人口现状分析[J].现代预防医学,2011,38(21):4351-2.
[4]Bulterys PL,Le T,Quang VM,et al.Environmental predictors and incubation period of AIDS-associated Penicillium marneffei infection in Ho Chi Minh city,Vietnam[J].Clin Infect Dis,2013,56(9):1273-9.
[5]Huang YT,Hung CC,Liao CH,et al.Detection of circulating galactomannan in serum samples for diagnosis of Penicillium marneffei infection and cryptococcosis among patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus[J].Clin Microbiol,2007(45):2858-62.
[6]张娜,王国永,杨兴光,等.山东省1992年至2011年艾滋病流行特征分析[J].中华传染病杂志,2013,31(12):728-32.
[7]张娜,杨兴光,王国永,等.山东省2009-2015年HIV/AIDS流行的时空分布特征[J].中华流行病学杂志,2017,38(2):226-30.
[8]曹元元,胡先明,曲成毅,等.山西省艾滋病流行现状分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2012,16(4):301-3.
[9]白光义,王伟,赵宏儒,等.河北省2004-2013年性传播艾滋病男性患者流行特征分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2014,8(12):1170-2,1176.
[10]钱跃升,陶小润,郝连正,等.MSM人群艾滋病感染状况及影响因素研究[J].中国艾滋病性病,2012,18(11):738-40.
[11]Liao M,Kang D,Jiang B,et al.Bisexual behavior and infection with HIV and syphilis among men who have sex with men along the east coast of China[J].AIDS Patient Care STDS,2011(25):683-91.
[12]Zhang N,Bussell S,Wang GY,et al.Disparities in HIV care along the path from infection to viral suppression:a cross-sectional study of HIV/AIDS patient record in 2013,Shandong Province,China[J].Clin Infect Dis,2016(63):115-21.
[13]Zhang N,Kang DM,Wang GY,et al.The spectrum of engagement in HIV care:how is it in Shandong Province,China?[J].Clin Infect Dis,2015(60):1292.
[14]初爱娟,胡军,唐宏雁,等.山东省多部门合作艾滋病防治工作的情况分析[J].卫生软科学,2014,28(10):669-72.
[15]彭琳,张菊英,黎瀚东,等.成都市男男性工作者艾滋病性病知信行定性研究[J].中国健康教育,2014,30(9):811-3.
[16]霍炜,张纪东,井文喜.以家庭为单位的HIV/AIDS病人治疗关怀模式的实践与成效[J].中国艾滋病性病,2014,38(2):728-32.
[17]马海玲,黄竹林,赵俊仕,等.志愿者小组与医疗机构合作提高MSM中性病患者接受规范医疗服务模式的研究[J].实用预防医学,2014,21(5):517-9.
[18]袁源,刘宏伟,刘春华,等.河南省中部地区艾滋病抗病毒治疗失败患者HIV-1耐药基因突变分析[J].中国病原生物学杂志,2016,11(4):329-33.
[19]张枭,金樱枝,付文捷,等.社区医院开展艾滋病高危行为干预工作质量的影响因素[J].中国艾滋病性病,2015,21(12):1069-72.
[20]张琪超,蔡晓峰,石群,等.以社区为基础艾滋病综合防制模式可行性探讨[J].职业与健康,2015,31(9):2545-8.
[21]于绍起,张娜娜,刘冬莹,等.1992-2014年潍坊市艾滋病个案流行病学调查结果分析[J].中国病原生物学杂志,2015,10(11):1024-7,1039.
[22]张祖样,梅静远,赵臣,等.云南省男性流动人群艾滋病高危行为现况分析[J].现代预防医学,2015,42(18):3403-6.
[23]燕清丽,杨鹏飞,郭宏雄,等.淮安市异性性传播途径感染HIV-1毒株的流行特征及分子进化研究[J].中国病原生物学杂志,2016,11(1):55-9,78.
[24]梁国钧.医疗机构开展性病艾滋病干预服务现状[J].中国艾滋病性病,2014,20(7):553-4.