3种经济蟹类肌肉、肝胰腺及生殖腺中脂肪酸的比较研究
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摘要
为分析成熟雌、雄三疣梭子蟹、锯缘青蟹和中华绒螯蟹的肌肉、肝胰腺及生殖腺中脂肪酸的组成特点及其差异,以氯仿—甲醇溶液提取总脂,通过10%浓硫酸—甲醇溶液进行甲酯化,采用气相色谱/质谱联用技术分析其脂肪酸组成并进行比较研究。试验结果表明,3种蟹的3种组织中不饱和脂肪酸含量均高于饱和脂肪酸,而在具体组成上又各有特点。3种蟹的卵巢组织中不饱和脂肪酸的含量均显著高于精巢;而在肝胰腺组织中,三疣梭子蟹和中华绒螯蟹雌性个体的不饱和脂肪酸含量显著高于雄性个体;肌肉组织中,锯缘青蟹的雄性个体的不饱和脂肪酸含量显著高于雌性;其余差异不显著。雌、雄中华绒螯蟹中必需脂肪酸含量较高,油酸含量亦较高;雄性三疣梭子蟹肌肉和生殖腺中的花生四烯酸含量较高;而三疣梭子蟹和锯缘青蟹中二十二碳六烯酸和二十碳五烯酸的含量较高,同时多不饱和脂肪酸中ω-3/ω-6的比值亦较高。
The fatty acid composition was analyzed in muscles,hepatopancreas and gonad of mature male and female Chinese mitten handed crab Eriocheir sinensis,swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus and mud crab Scylla serrata by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry(GC/MS),with 10% H2 SO4-CH3 OH as the methyl esterification solvent,to compare the fatty acid composition characteristics among the three crab species.The results showed that there were higher contents of polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFAs)than saturated fatty acids(SFAs)in the three tissues of three crab species,with different characteristics in the fatty acid composition.There was higher PUFA content in ovary than in testis of the three crab species.In hepatopancreas of Chinese mitten handed crab and swimming crab,however,PUFAs in female was higher than that in male.In muscle of mud crab,there was higher PUFA content in male than that in female,without significant difference.The mature male and female Chinese mitten handed crab had higher contents of essential fatty acids(linoleic acid,linolenic acid,arachidonic acid),and oleic acid.The mature swimming crab and mud crab had higher contents of docosahexenoic acid(DHA)and eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA)andω-3/ω-6 PUFA ratio.
The fatty acid composition was analyzed in muscles,hepatopancreas and gonad of mature male and female Chinese mitten handed crab Eriocheir sinensis,swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus and mud crab Scylla serrata by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry(GC/MS),with 10% H2 SO4-CH3 OH as the methyl esterification solvent,to compare the fatty acid composition characteristics among the three crab species.The results showed that there were higher contents of polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFAs)than saturated fatty acids(SFAs)in the three tissues of three crab species,with different characteristics in the fatty acid composition.There was higher PUFA content in ovary than in testis of the three crab species.In hepatopancreas of Chinese mitten handed crab and swimming crab,however,PUFAs in female was higher than that in male.In muscle of mud crab,there was higher PUFA content in male than that in female,without significant difference.The mature male and female Chinese mitten handed crab had higher contents of essential fatty acids(linoleic acid,linolenic acid,arachidonic acid),and oleic acid.The mature swimming crab and mud crab had higher contents of docosahexenoic acid(DHA)and eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA)andω-3/ω-6 PUFA ratio.
引文
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[13]曾亚丽.食用油的营养分析与合理选用[J].农产品加工:创新版,2010(7):68-70.
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[22]成永旭,堵南山.不同阶段中华绒螯蟹肝胰腺的脂类及脂肪酸组成[J].动物学报,1998,44(4):420-429.
[23]王雪锋,顾鸿鑫,郭倩琳,等.海水和淡水养殖锯缘青蟹的营养成分分析[J].食品科学,2010,31(23):386-390.
[24]厥有清,杨志刚,纪连元,等.配合饲料替代杂鱼对中华绒螯蟹生长发育、体成分及脂肪酸组成的影响[J].水产学报,2012,36(10):1612-1623.
[25]Kimata M,Ishibashi T,Kamada T.Studies on relationship between sensory evaluation and chemical composition in various breeds of pork[J].Japanese Journal of Swine Science,2001,38(2):45-51.
[26]Mnari B A,Jrah H H,Dhibi M,et al.Nutritional fatty acid quality of raw and cooked farmed and wild sea bream(Sparus aurata)[J].Journal of Agricultural&Food Chemistry,2009,58(1):507-512.
[27]陆丽丽,陈舜胜,曲映红,等.鲤、鲫鱼卵脂质和脂肪酸的构成分析[J].营养学报,2007,29(4):415-416.
[2]曹振杰,付春鹏,周嗣泉,等.中华绒螯蟹“蟹黄”与“蟹膏”的营养成分比较分析[J].水产科学,2017,36(2):178-182.
[3]Yang X P,Yang W X,Pu Z Y.Comparative studies on fatty acid composition of the ovaries and hepatopancreas at different physiological stages of the Chinese mitten crab[J].Aquaculture,2006,256(1):617-623.
[4]付娜,王锡昌,汤辰婧,等.气相色谱法分析中华绒螯蟹4个部位中总脂肪酸和游离脂肪酸含量与组成[J].食品工业科技,2014,35(13):305-311.
[5]汤辰婧,松前成辉,付娜,等.不同阶段中华绒螯蟹脂含量及脂肪酸组成分析[J].食品科学,2013,34(22):174-178.
[6]李少菁,林淑君,刘理东,等.锯缘青蟹卵巢发育过程中不同器官组织脂类和脂肪酸组成[J].厦门大学学报:自然科学版,1994,33(增刊):109-115.
[7]楼乔明,王玉明,杨文鸽,等.南极磷虾粉脂质及脂肪酸组成分析[J].水产学报,2012,36(8):1256-1262.
[8]王亚男,徐茂琴,季晓敏,等.分子蒸馏富集金枪鱼鱼油ω-3脂肪酸的研究[J].中国食品学报,2014,14(7):52-58.
[9]楼乔明,徐杰,王玉明,等.气相色谱/质谱法分析孔石莼中的脂肪酸[J].色谱,2010,28(7):668-672.
[10]吴惠勤,黄晓兰,林晓珊,等.脂肪酸的色谱保留时间规律与质谱特征研究及其在食品分析中的应用[J].分析化学,2007,35(7):998-1003.
[11]Jude S,Roger S,Martel E.Dietary long-chain omega-3fatty acid of marine origin:a comparison of their protective effects on coronary heart disease and breast cancers[J].Progress in Biophysics&Molecular Biology,2006,90(1/3):299-325.
[12]李丽,吴雪辉,陈春兰.调和油的配比对人类健康的影响[J].中国油脂,2008,33(12):7-12.
[13]曾亚丽.食用油的营养分析与合理选用[J].农产品加工:创新版,2010(7):68-70.
[14]Pedraja R R.Change of composition of shrimp and other marine animals during processing[J].Food Technology,1970,24(1):356.
[15]汤辰婧,付娜,王锡昌,等.围网养殖与池塘养殖中华绒螯蟹脂肪酸组成的比较[J].淡水渔业,2014,44(1):84-89.
[16]徐善良,张薇,严小军,等.野生与养殖三疣梭子蟹营养品质分析及比较[J].动物营养学报,2009,21(5):695-702.
[17]安苗,姚俊杰,李川,等.大鳍鳠产卵前后肌肉脂肪酸组成变化的研究[J].水产科学,2010,29(2):95-98.
[18]朱定贵,陈涛,谢瑞涛.瓦氏黄颡鱼稚鱼和生殖季节雌鱼的脂肪酸组成研究[J].水产科学,2011,30(8):481-484.
[19]Philibert A,Vanier C,Abdelouahab N.Fish intake and serum fatty acid profiles from fresh water fish[J].American Journal of Clinical Nutrition,2006,84(6):1299-1307.
[20]张彤晴.不同增养殖水体长江水系中华绒螯蟹营养指标比较分析[D].南京:南京农业大学,2005:13-37.
[21]成永旭,李少菁,王桂忠,等.锯缘青蟹卵黄发生期卵巢和肝胰腺脂类的变化[J].海洋学报,2001,23(3):66-77.
[22]成永旭,堵南山.不同阶段中华绒螯蟹肝胰腺的脂类及脂肪酸组成[J].动物学报,1998,44(4):420-429.
[23]王雪锋,顾鸿鑫,郭倩琳,等.海水和淡水养殖锯缘青蟹的营养成分分析[J].食品科学,2010,31(23):386-390.
[24]厥有清,杨志刚,纪连元,等.配合饲料替代杂鱼对中华绒螯蟹生长发育、体成分及脂肪酸组成的影响[J].水产学报,2012,36(10):1612-1623.
[25]Kimata M,Ishibashi T,Kamada T.Studies on relationship between sensory evaluation and chemical composition in various breeds of pork[J].Japanese Journal of Swine Science,2001,38(2):45-51.
[26]Mnari B A,Jrah H H,Dhibi M,et al.Nutritional fatty acid quality of raw and cooked farmed and wild sea bream(Sparus aurata)[J].Journal of Agricultural&Food Chemistry,2009,58(1):507-512.
[27]陆丽丽,陈舜胜,曲映红,等.鲤、鲫鱼卵脂质和脂肪酸的构成分析[J].营养学报,2007,29(4):415-416.