基于耳石形态特征的南海鸢乌贼群体判别分析
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摘要
【目的】通过耳石形态参数对南海鸢乌贼(Sthenoeuthisoualaniensis)不同群体进行判别。【方法】采用2012年4月-2013年1月采自南海南沙群岛、东沙群岛和中沙西沙群岛周边海域灯光罩网渔获的268尾鸢乌贼耳石样本(雌性166尾、雄性102尾),通过耳石总长(TSL)、最大宽度(MW)、侧区长(LDL)、背侧区长(DLL)、吻侧区长(RLL)、吻区长(RL)、吻区宽(RW)、翼区长(WL)和翼区宽(WW)9个形态参数进行主成分分析,采用不同校正方法判别分析3个不同海域和3个不同体型群体的耳石差异性。【结果】统计并分析鸢乌贼耳石形态参数可知,南海鸢乌贼耳石具有翼区宽大、侧区次之、背区稍小、吻区长窄的形态特征。主成分分析表明,鸢乌贼的耳石长度参数TSL、LDL、DLL、WL和宽度参数MW可代替9项形态参数来描述耳石的形态特征;函数拟合结果,5项表征与鸢乌贼胴长有较强的线性函数关系。判别分析表明,比值校正法对3个地理群体判别中具有较好稳定性,总体成功率为60.4%;中沙西沙群体和微型群体的耳石形态在判别中有较好的区分度。【结论】不同群体的南海鸢乌贼耳石形态特征具有较大差异性,中、西沙群体和微型群体与其他群体存在较高的区分度。
【 Objective 】 Exploring the results of discriminating different groups of Sthenoeuthis oualaniensis from the South China Sea through the statolith morphology parameters.【Method】Analysis was performed using 268 statolith samples of the purple back flying squid S. oualaniensis(the 166 females and 102 males) collected by light attracting falling nets in Nansha Islands, Dongsha Islands, and Zhongshaxisha Islands sea areas in the South China Sea from April 2012 to January 2013. Principal component analysis were conducted on nine morphologic parameters including total statolith length(TSL), wing length(WL), rostrum length(RL), ventral dorsal dome length(DLL), rostrum lateral dome length(RLL), maximum width(MW), lateral dome length(LDL), wing width(WW), rostrum width(RW) of the statoliths. Discriminant analysis of three different sea areas and body groups by different correction methods.【Result】(1) Statistics and analysis of the statolith morphology showed that S.oualaniensis in the South China Sea has wide wing region, the lateral region is second, the back region is slightly smaller, and the kiss region is narrow morphologically.(2) Principal component analysis shows that the statolith length parameters TSL, LDL, DLL, WL and width parameter MW of S.oualaniensis could replace the 9 statolith morphological parameters, obtained by function fitting results.The five characterizations parameters and mantel length has a strong linear function relationship(3)Discriminant analysis shows that the ratio correction method has good stability in the discrimination of three geographical groups, and the accuracy is 60.4%;.The statolith morphology of the ZhongshaxiSha group and dwarf group has a good discrimination.【Conclusion】The morphological of statoliths in different groups of the South China Sea have a large difference. The ZhongshaxiSha group and dwarf group have higher discrimination with other groups.
【 Objective 】 Exploring the results of discriminating different groups of Sthenoeuthis oualaniensis from the South China Sea through the statolith morphology parameters.【Method】Analysis was performed using 268 statolith samples of the purple back flying squid S. oualaniensis(the 166 females and 102 males) collected by light attracting falling nets in Nansha Islands, Dongsha Islands, and Zhongshaxisha Islands sea areas in the South China Sea from April 2012 to January 2013. Principal component analysis were conducted on nine morphologic parameters including total statolith length(TSL), wing length(WL), rostrum length(RL), ventral dorsal dome length(DLL), rostrum lateral dome length(RLL), maximum width(MW), lateral dome length(LDL), wing width(WW), rostrum width(RW) of the statoliths. Discriminant analysis of three different sea areas and body groups by different correction methods.【Result】(1) Statistics and analysis of the statolith morphology showed that S.oualaniensis in the South China Sea has wide wing region, the lateral region is second, the back region is slightly smaller, and the kiss region is narrow morphologically.(2) Principal component analysis shows that the statolith length parameters TSL, LDL, DLL, WL and width parameter MW of S.oualaniensis could replace the 9 statolith morphological parameters, obtained by function fitting results.The five characterizations parameters and mantel length has a strong linear function relationship(3)Discriminant analysis shows that the ratio correction method has good stability in the discrimination of three geographical groups, and the accuracy is 60.4%;.The statolith morphology of the ZhongshaxiSha group and dwarf group has a good discrimination.【Conclusion】The morphological of statoliths in different groups of the South China Sea have a large difference. The ZhongshaxiSha group and dwarf group have higher discrimination with other groups.
引文
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[2]冯波,颜云榕,张宇美,等.南海鸢乌贼(Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis)资源评估的新方法[J].渔业科学进展,2014,35(4):1-6.
[3]张俊,陈国宝,张鹏,等.基于渔业声学和灯光罩网的南海中南部鸢乌贼资源评估[J].中国水产科学,2014,21(4):822-831.
[4]张鹏,杨吝,张旭丰,等.南海金枪鱼和鸢乌贼资源开发现状及前景[J].南方水产,2010,6(1):68-74.
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[6]范江涛,邱永松,陈作志,等.南海鸢乌贼两个群体间角质颚形态差异分析[J].中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版),2015(10):42-49.
[7]江淼.南海鸢乌贼资源现状及发展对策研究[D].天津:天津农学院,2018.
[8]江淼,马胜伟,吴洽儿.鸢乌贼资源综合利用技术研究现状[J].食品工业科技,2018(6):340-344.
[9]江艳娥,陈作志,林昭进,等.南海中部海域鸢乌贼耳石形态特征分析[J].南方水产科学,2014(4):85-90.
[10]江艳娥,张鹏,林昭进,等.南海外海鸢乌贼耳石形态特征分析[J].南方水产科学,2015(5):27-37.
[11]颜云榕,冯波,卢伙胜,等.南沙群岛北部海域鸢乌贼(Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis)夏季渔业生物学研究[J].海洋与湖沼,2012,43(6):1177-1186.
[12]张宇美.基于碳氮稳定同位素的南海鸢乌贼摄食生态与营养级研究[D].湛江:广东海洋大学,2014.
[13]张宇美,颜云榕,卢伙胜,等.西沙群岛海域鸢乌贼摄食与繁殖生物学初步研究[J].广东海洋大学学报,2013,33(3):56-64.
[14]肖述,郑小东,王如才,等.头足类耳石轮纹研究进展[J].中国水产科学,2003,10(1):73-78.
[15]ARKHIPKIN A I,BIZIKOV V A.Statolith shape and microstructure in studies of systematics,age and growth in planktonic paralarvae of gonatid squids(Cephalopoda,Oegopsida)from the western Bering Sea[J].Journal of Plankton Research,1997,19(12):1993-2030.
[16]ARKHIPKIN A I,BJ?RKE H.Statolith shape and microstructure as indicators of ontogenetic shifts in the squid Gonatus fabricii(Oegopsida,Gonatidae)from the Norwegian Sea[J].Polar Biology,2000,23(1):1-10.
[17]陆化杰,陈新军,刘必林.智利外海茎柔鱼(Dosidicus gigas)耳石外部形态特征分析[J].海洋与湖沼,2010(02):233-239.
[18]ARKHIPKIN A,MIKHEEV A.Age and growth of the squid Sthenoteuthis pteropus(Oegopsida:Ommastrephidae)from the Central-East Atlantic[J].Journal of Experimental Marine Biology&Ecology,1992,163(2):261-276.
[19]BIGELOW K A.Age and growth of the oceanic squid Onychoteuthis borealijaponica in the North Pacific[J].Fishery Bulletin,1994(92):13-25.
[20]刘必林,陈新军,钟俊生.印度洋西北海域鸢乌贼耳石的形态特征分析[J].上海海洋大学学报,2008,17(5):604-609.
[21]招春旭,陈昭澎,何雄波,等.基于耳石微结构的南海春季鸢乌贼日龄、生长与种群结构的研究[J].水生生物学报,2017(4):884-890.
[22]ARKHIPKIN,ALEXANDER I.Towards identification of the ecological lifestyle in nektonic squid using statolith morphometry[J].Journal Molluscan Studies,2003,69(3):171-178.
[23]CLARKE M R,MADDOCK L.Statoliths from living species of cephalopods and evolution[M]//CLARKE MR,TRUEMAN E R.Paleontology and Neontology of Cephalopods.San Diego,CA:Academic Press,1988,169-184.
[24]江艳娥,方展强,林昭进,等.南海鸢乌贼耳石微量元素研究[J].南方水产科学,2016(4):71-79.
[25]于鑫.鱼类耳石形态和微化学分析方法及其在群体识别中的实证研究[D].青岛:中国科学院研究生院(海洋研究所),2014.
[26]YATSU A,MORI J.Early growth of the autumn cohort of neon flying squid,Ommastrephes bartramii,in the North Pacific Ocean[J].Fisheries research,2000,45(2):189-194.
[27]YATSU A,MIDORIKAWA S,SHIMADA T,et al.Age and growth of the neon flying squid,Ommastrephes bartrami,in the North Pacific ocean[J].Fisheries Research,1997,29(3):257-270.
[28]陆化杰,陈新军,刘必林.西南大西洋阿根廷滑柔鱼耳石外部形态特性分析[J].上海海洋大学学报,2009,18(3):338-344.
[29]AGüERA A,BROPHY D.Use of saggital otolith shape analysis to discriminate Northeast Atlantic and Western Mediterranean stocks of Atlantic saury,Scomberesox saurus saurus(Walbaum)[J].Fisheries Research,2011,110(3):465-471.
[30]ELLIOTT N G,HASKARD KKOSLOW J A.Morphometric analysis of orange roughy(Hoplostethus atlanticus)off the continental slope of southern australia[J].Journal of Fish Biology,2010,46(2):202-220.
[31]颜云榕,易木荣,冯波,等.南海鸢乌贼3个地理群体形态差异与判别分析[J].广东海洋大学学报,2015,35(3):43-50.
[32]ARKHIPKIN A I,BJ?RKE H.Ontogenetic changes in morphometric and reproductive indices of the squid Gonatus fabricii(Oegopsida,Gonatidae)in the Norwegian Sea[J].Polar Biology,1999,22(6):357-365.
[33]马金,陈新军,刘必林,等.西北太平洋柔鱼耳石形态特征分析[J].中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版),2009,39(2):215-220.
[34]DEVRIES D A,GRIMES C B,PRAGER M H.Using otolith shape analysis to distinguish eastern Gulf of Mexico and Atlantic Ocean stocks of king mackerel[J].Fisheries Research,2002,57(1):51-62.
[2]冯波,颜云榕,张宇美,等.南海鸢乌贼(Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis)资源评估的新方法[J].渔业科学进展,2014,35(4):1-6.
[3]张俊,陈国宝,张鹏,等.基于渔业声学和灯光罩网的南海中南部鸢乌贼资源评估[J].中国水产科学,2014,21(4):822-831.
[4]张鹏,杨吝,张旭丰,等.南海金枪鱼和鸢乌贼资源开发现状及前景[J].南方水产,2010,6(1):68-74.
[5]范江涛,冯雪,邱永松,等.南海鸢乌贼生物学研究进展[J].广东农业科学,2013,40(23):122-128.
[6]范江涛,邱永松,陈作志,等.南海鸢乌贼两个群体间角质颚形态差异分析[J].中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版),2015(10):42-49.
[7]江淼.南海鸢乌贼资源现状及发展对策研究[D].天津:天津农学院,2018.
[8]江淼,马胜伟,吴洽儿.鸢乌贼资源综合利用技术研究现状[J].食品工业科技,2018(6):340-344.
[9]江艳娥,陈作志,林昭进,等.南海中部海域鸢乌贼耳石形态特征分析[J].南方水产科学,2014(4):85-90.
[10]江艳娥,张鹏,林昭进,等.南海外海鸢乌贼耳石形态特征分析[J].南方水产科学,2015(5):27-37.
[11]颜云榕,冯波,卢伙胜,等.南沙群岛北部海域鸢乌贼(Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis)夏季渔业生物学研究[J].海洋与湖沼,2012,43(6):1177-1186.
[12]张宇美.基于碳氮稳定同位素的南海鸢乌贼摄食生态与营养级研究[D].湛江:广东海洋大学,2014.
[13]张宇美,颜云榕,卢伙胜,等.西沙群岛海域鸢乌贼摄食与繁殖生物学初步研究[J].广东海洋大学学报,2013,33(3):56-64.
[14]肖述,郑小东,王如才,等.头足类耳石轮纹研究进展[J].中国水产科学,2003,10(1):73-78.
[15]ARKHIPKIN A I,BIZIKOV V A.Statolith shape and microstructure in studies of systematics,age and growth in planktonic paralarvae of gonatid squids(Cephalopoda,Oegopsida)from the western Bering Sea[J].Journal of Plankton Research,1997,19(12):1993-2030.
[16]ARKHIPKIN A I,BJ?RKE H.Statolith shape and microstructure as indicators of ontogenetic shifts in the squid Gonatus fabricii(Oegopsida,Gonatidae)from the Norwegian Sea[J].Polar Biology,2000,23(1):1-10.
[17]陆化杰,陈新军,刘必林.智利外海茎柔鱼(Dosidicus gigas)耳石外部形态特征分析[J].海洋与湖沼,2010(02):233-239.
[18]ARKHIPKIN A,MIKHEEV A.Age and growth of the squid Sthenoteuthis pteropus(Oegopsida:Ommastrephidae)from the Central-East Atlantic[J].Journal of Experimental Marine Biology&Ecology,1992,163(2):261-276.
[19]BIGELOW K A.Age and growth of the oceanic squid Onychoteuthis borealijaponica in the North Pacific[J].Fishery Bulletin,1994(92):13-25.
[20]刘必林,陈新军,钟俊生.印度洋西北海域鸢乌贼耳石的形态特征分析[J].上海海洋大学学报,2008,17(5):604-609.
[21]招春旭,陈昭澎,何雄波,等.基于耳石微结构的南海春季鸢乌贼日龄、生长与种群结构的研究[J].水生生物学报,2017(4):884-890.
[22]ARKHIPKIN,ALEXANDER I.Towards identification of the ecological lifestyle in nektonic squid using statolith morphometry[J].Journal Molluscan Studies,2003,69(3):171-178.
[23]CLARKE M R,MADDOCK L.Statoliths from living species of cephalopods and evolution[M]//CLARKE MR,TRUEMAN E R.Paleontology and Neontology of Cephalopods.San Diego,CA:Academic Press,1988,169-184.
[24]江艳娥,方展强,林昭进,等.南海鸢乌贼耳石微量元素研究[J].南方水产科学,2016(4):71-79.
[25]于鑫.鱼类耳石形态和微化学分析方法及其在群体识别中的实证研究[D].青岛:中国科学院研究生院(海洋研究所),2014.
[26]YATSU A,MORI J.Early growth of the autumn cohort of neon flying squid,Ommastrephes bartramii,in the North Pacific Ocean[J].Fisheries research,2000,45(2):189-194.
[27]YATSU A,MIDORIKAWA S,SHIMADA T,et al.Age and growth of the neon flying squid,Ommastrephes bartrami,in the North Pacific ocean[J].Fisheries Research,1997,29(3):257-270.
[28]陆化杰,陈新军,刘必林.西南大西洋阿根廷滑柔鱼耳石外部形态特性分析[J].上海海洋大学学报,2009,18(3):338-344.
[29]AGüERA A,BROPHY D.Use of saggital otolith shape analysis to discriminate Northeast Atlantic and Western Mediterranean stocks of Atlantic saury,Scomberesox saurus saurus(Walbaum)[J].Fisheries Research,2011,110(3):465-471.
[30]ELLIOTT N G,HASKARD KKOSLOW J A.Morphometric analysis of orange roughy(Hoplostethus atlanticus)off the continental slope of southern australia[J].Journal of Fish Biology,2010,46(2):202-220.
[31]颜云榕,易木荣,冯波,等.南海鸢乌贼3个地理群体形态差异与判别分析[J].广东海洋大学学报,2015,35(3):43-50.
[32]ARKHIPKIN A I,BJ?RKE H.Ontogenetic changes in morphometric and reproductive indices of the squid Gonatus fabricii(Oegopsida,Gonatidae)in the Norwegian Sea[J].Polar Biology,1999,22(6):357-365.
[33]马金,陈新军,刘必林,等.西北太平洋柔鱼耳石形态特征分析[J].中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版),2009,39(2):215-220.
[34]DEVRIES D A,GRIMES C B,PRAGER M H.Using otolith shape analysis to distinguish eastern Gulf of Mexico and Atlantic Ocean stocks of king mackerel[J].Fisheries Research,2002,57(1):51-62.