实时监控下堆石坝压实质量模糊综合评估
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摘要
堆石坝填筑碾压质量采用事中和事后双控。事中碾压参数往往不能在全工作仓面上100%满足控制要求,且受坝料性质不均匀的影响,即便是相同的碾压参数,也可能会导致不同的压实质量。事后试坑检测采用有限个测点,难以客观反映整个施工仓面的压实质量;若单纯采用压实连续检测指标(如CV)控制,其与坝料压实质量之间也存在一定误差。文章利用大坝填筑碾压质量实时监控技术,在动态采集碾压参数和压实连续检测指标CV的基础上,采用Dempster-Shafer(D-S)证据理论,提出了一种综合考虑事中碾压参数、事后CV的压实质量模糊综合评价方法。此外,为了保证碾压区域无明显连续薄弱区,通过DBSCAN空间聚类分析,提出等效连续薄弱面积的概念,对压实质量薄弱区域空间分布进行定量评价。实例分析表明,此方法可以有效避免单独事中或事后评估的片面性,提高压实质量评估的全面性,为高堆石坝施工质量控制提供一种新的手段。
The traditional quality assessment method of earth-rock dam compaction is primarily based on control parameters collected from the job site of compaction and by sampled spots testing. Compaction parameters cannot satisfy the requirement by every location of the entire working surface, and using the same parameter may lead to different compaction quality due to the influence of inhomogeneity in material property. A limited number of test samples are usually an unreliable representation of compaction quality over the entire surface layer, and a certain error occurs when compaction value(CV) alone is used in the evaluation. This paper describes a fuzzy comprehensive compaction quality evaluation method based on the Dempster-Shafer evidence theory and dynamical monitoring of compaction parameters and CV. We also develop a concept of equivalent continuous weak area using the density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise(DBSCAN) to ensure that no obvious continuous weak area occurs in the compacted layer, and apply it to quantitative evaluation of the spatial distribution of weak areas.Case analysis shows that our evaluation method can effectively avoid one-sidedness in evaluating compaction parameters and enhance the comprehensiveness of compaction quality assessment, thereby providing a new way for quality control in earth-rock dam construction.
The traditional quality assessment method of earth-rock dam compaction is primarily based on control parameters collected from the job site of compaction and by sampled spots testing. Compaction parameters cannot satisfy the requirement by every location of the entire working surface, and using the same parameter may lead to different compaction quality due to the influence of inhomogeneity in material property. A limited number of test samples are usually an unreliable representation of compaction quality over the entire surface layer, and a certain error occurs when compaction value(CV) alone is used in the evaluation. This paper describes a fuzzy comprehensive compaction quality evaluation method based on the Dempster-Shafer evidence theory and dynamical monitoring of compaction parameters and CV. We also develop a concept of equivalent continuous weak area using the density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise(DBSCAN) to ensure that no obvious continuous weak area occurs in the compacted layer, and apply it to quantitative evaluation of the spatial distribution of weak areas.Case analysis shows that our evaluation method can effectively avoid one-sidedness in evaluating compaction parameters and enhance the comprehensiveness of compaction quality assessment, thereby providing a new way for quality control in earth-rock dam construction.
引文
[1]钟登华,刘东海,崔博.高心墙堆石坝碾压质量实时监控技术及应用[J].中国科学:技术科学,2011,41(8):1028-1034.ZHONG Denghua,LIU Donghai,CUI Bo.Theoretical research on construction quality real-time monitoring and system integration of core-fill dam[J].SCIENTIA SINICATechnologica,2011,41(8):1028-1034.(in Chinese)
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[3]马洪琪,钟登华,张宗亮,等.重大水利水电工程施工实时控制关键技术及其工程应用[J].中国工程科学,2011,13(12):20-27.MA Hongqi,ZHONG Denghua,ZHANG Zongliang,et al.Key technologies of real-time construction control for major hydraulic and hydroelectric projects[J].Engineering Science,2011,13(12):20-27.(in Chinese)
[4]刘东海,王倩,崔博,等.连续监控下土石坝碾压参数的控制标准及其确定方法[J].岩土工程学报,2013,35(9):1712-1716.LIU Donghai,WANG Qian,CUI Bo,et al.Control standards for compaction parameters of earth-rock dams under continuous construction process monitoring[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2013,35(9):1712-1716.(in Chinese)
[5]王柏乐.中国当代土石坝工程[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2004.WANG Baile.Contemporary earth and stone dam project of China[M].Beijing:China Water&Power Press,2004.(in Chinese)
[6]刘东海,王爱国,柳育刚,等.基于碾轮振动性态分析的土石坝压实质量实时监测与评估[J].水利学报,2014,45(2):163-170.LIU Donghai,WANG Aiguo,LIU Yugang,et al.Real-time monitoring and assessment of compaction quality for earth-rock dam basing on roller vibration behavior analysis[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2014,45(2):163-170.(in Chinese)
[7]钟登华,翟海峰,崔博,等.基于实时监控的沥青混凝土心墙坝坝面碾压施工仿真研究[J].水力发电学报,2015,34(7):118-126.ZHONG Denghua,ZHAI Haifeng,CUI Bo,et al.Study on construction simulation for roller compaction of dam with asphalt concrete core based on real-time monitoring[J].Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering,2015,34(7):118-126.(in Chinese)
[8]ADAM D.Roller-integrated continuous compaction control(CCC)technical contractual provisions&recommendations[C]//Design and construction of pavements and rail tracks:Geotechnical aspects and processed materials.London:Taylor&Francis Group,2007:111-138.
[9]徐光辉.路基系统形成过程动态监控技术[D].成都:西南交通大学,2005.XU Guanghui.Technique of dynamic monitor on forming process of subgrade system[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2005.(in Chinese)
[10]王龙,解晓光,姜立东.基于PFWD碎石土路基压实快速检测与均匀性评价方法[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2013,45(2):66-71.WANG Long,XIE Xiaoguang,JIANG Lidong.Compaction quality fast detection and compaction uniformity evaluation of gravel soils subgrade based on PFWD[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2013,45(2):66-71.(in Chinese)
[11]焦倓,聂志红,王翔.基于连续压实质量检测的压实薄弱区域评价指标研究[J].铁道学报,2015,37(8):66-71.JIAO Tan,NIE Zhihong,WANG Xiang.Evaluation of compaction weak areas based on continuous compaction quality detection[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2015,37(8):66-71.(in Chinese)
[12]陈水利,李敬功,王向公.模糊集理论及其应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2005.CHEN Shuili,LI Jinggong,WANG Xianggong.Fuzzy sets theory and application[M].Beijing:Science Press,2005.(in Chinese)
[13]KABIR S,PAPADOPOULOS Y.A review of applications of fuzzy sets to safety and reliability engineering[J].International Journal of Approximate Reasoning,2018,100(9):29-55.
[14]ZYOUD S H,FUCHS-HANUSCH D.A bibliometricbased survey on AHP and TOPSIS techniques[J].Expert Systems with Applications,2017,78(7):158-181.
[15]SIRISAWAT P,KIATCHAROENPOL T.Fuzzy AHP-TOPSIS approaches to prioritizing solutions for reverse logistics barriers[J].Computers&Industrial Engineering,2018,117(3):303-318.
[16]ROBERT V R,MICHAEL A M.Instrumentation of a roller compactor to monitor vibration behavior during earthwork compaction[J].Automation in Construction,2008,17(2):144-150.
[17]?KE J S,CARL B.Pettersson.Intelligent Systems for QA/QC in soil compaction[C]//Proceeding of the 83rd Annual Transportation Research Board Meeting.Washington D C,January,2004:1-17.
[18]MOGAII K A,LIM H S.Application of Dempster-Shafer theory of evidence model to geoelectric and hydraulic parameters for groundwater potential zonation[J].Nriag Journal of Astronomy&Geophysics,2018,7(6):134-148.
[19]程华,杜思伟,徐萃华,等.基于DS证据的信息融合算法多指标融合[J].华东理工大学学报(自然科学版),2011,37(4):100-103.CHENG Hua,DU Siwei,XU Cuihua,et al.A D-S-based multi-index fusion of information fusion algorithm[J].Journal of East China University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition),2011,37(4):100-103.(in Chinese)
[20]王玉冰,程嗣怡,周一鹏,等.基于DS证据理论的机载火控雷达空空工作模式判定[J].现代雷达,2017,39(5):79-84.WANG Yubing,CHENG Siyi,ZHOU Yipeng,et al.Air-toair operation modes recognition of airborne fire control radar based on DS evidence theory[J].Modern Radar,2017,39(5):79-84.(in Chinese)
[21]郑霞忠,石法起,陈述,等.基于D-S证据理论的地下洞室作业人员安全行为评价[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2016,12(6):158-162.ZHENG Xiazhong,SHI Faqi,CHEN Shu,et al.Evaluation on safety behavior of workers in underground cavern based on D-S evidence theory[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2016,12(6):158-162.(in Chinese)
[22]KUMAR K M,REDDY A R M.A fast DBSCAN clustering algorithm by accelerating neighbor searching using Groups method[J].Pattern Recognition,2016,58(10):39-48.
[23]CHEN Y W,TANG S Y,BOUGUILA N,et al.A fast clustering algorithm based on pruning unnecessary distance computations in DBSCAN for high-dimensional data[J].Pattern Recognition,2018,83(11):375-387.
[24]姜建华,杨玉免,边海燕,等.改进DBSCAN聚类算法在电子商务网站评价中的应用[J].吉林大学学报(理学版),2016,54(2):329-336.JIANG Jianhua,YANG Yumian,BIAN Haiyan,et al.Application of E-Commerce sites evaluation with improved DBSCAN clustering algorithm[J].Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition),2016,54(2):329-336.(in Chinese)
[25]徐海啸,麻婧,吴旗.DBSCAN算法在高性能计算中心用户分类的应用研究[J].吉林大学学报(信息科学版),2013,31(5):528-534.XU Haixiao,MA Jing,WU Qi.Application research of DBSCAN algorithm based on high-performance computing center users classification[J].Journal of Jilin University(Information Science Edition),2013,31(5):528-534.(in Chinese)
[2]ZHONG D H,CUI B,LIU D H,et al.Theoretical research on construction quality real-time monitoring and system integration of core-fill dam[J].Science in China Series E-Technological Science,2009,52(11):3406-3412.
[3]马洪琪,钟登华,张宗亮,等.重大水利水电工程施工实时控制关键技术及其工程应用[J].中国工程科学,2011,13(12):20-27.MA Hongqi,ZHONG Denghua,ZHANG Zongliang,et al.Key technologies of real-time construction control for major hydraulic and hydroelectric projects[J].Engineering Science,2011,13(12):20-27.(in Chinese)
[4]刘东海,王倩,崔博,等.连续监控下土石坝碾压参数的控制标准及其确定方法[J].岩土工程学报,2013,35(9):1712-1716.LIU Donghai,WANG Qian,CUI Bo,et al.Control standards for compaction parameters of earth-rock dams under continuous construction process monitoring[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2013,35(9):1712-1716.(in Chinese)
[5]王柏乐.中国当代土石坝工程[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2004.WANG Baile.Contemporary earth and stone dam project of China[M].Beijing:China Water&Power Press,2004.(in Chinese)
[6]刘东海,王爱国,柳育刚,等.基于碾轮振动性态分析的土石坝压实质量实时监测与评估[J].水利学报,2014,45(2):163-170.LIU Donghai,WANG Aiguo,LIU Yugang,et al.Real-time monitoring and assessment of compaction quality for earth-rock dam basing on roller vibration behavior analysis[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2014,45(2):163-170.(in Chinese)
[7]钟登华,翟海峰,崔博,等.基于实时监控的沥青混凝土心墙坝坝面碾压施工仿真研究[J].水力发电学报,2015,34(7):118-126.ZHONG Denghua,ZHAI Haifeng,CUI Bo,et al.Study on construction simulation for roller compaction of dam with asphalt concrete core based on real-time monitoring[J].Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering,2015,34(7):118-126.(in Chinese)
[8]ADAM D.Roller-integrated continuous compaction control(CCC)technical contractual provisions&recommendations[C]//Design and construction of pavements and rail tracks:Geotechnical aspects and processed materials.London:Taylor&Francis Group,2007:111-138.
[9]徐光辉.路基系统形成过程动态监控技术[D].成都:西南交通大学,2005.XU Guanghui.Technique of dynamic monitor on forming process of subgrade system[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2005.(in Chinese)
[10]王龙,解晓光,姜立东.基于PFWD碎石土路基压实快速检测与均匀性评价方法[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2013,45(2):66-71.WANG Long,XIE Xiaoguang,JIANG Lidong.Compaction quality fast detection and compaction uniformity evaluation of gravel soils subgrade based on PFWD[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2013,45(2):66-71.(in Chinese)
[11]焦倓,聂志红,王翔.基于连续压实质量检测的压实薄弱区域评价指标研究[J].铁道学报,2015,37(8):66-71.JIAO Tan,NIE Zhihong,WANG Xiang.Evaluation of compaction weak areas based on continuous compaction quality detection[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2015,37(8):66-71.(in Chinese)
[12]陈水利,李敬功,王向公.模糊集理论及其应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2005.CHEN Shuili,LI Jinggong,WANG Xianggong.Fuzzy sets theory and application[M].Beijing:Science Press,2005.(in Chinese)
[13]KABIR S,PAPADOPOULOS Y.A review of applications of fuzzy sets to safety and reliability engineering[J].International Journal of Approximate Reasoning,2018,100(9):29-55.
[14]ZYOUD S H,FUCHS-HANUSCH D.A bibliometricbased survey on AHP and TOPSIS techniques[J].Expert Systems with Applications,2017,78(7):158-181.
[15]SIRISAWAT P,KIATCHAROENPOL T.Fuzzy AHP-TOPSIS approaches to prioritizing solutions for reverse logistics barriers[J].Computers&Industrial Engineering,2018,117(3):303-318.
[16]ROBERT V R,MICHAEL A M.Instrumentation of a roller compactor to monitor vibration behavior during earthwork compaction[J].Automation in Construction,2008,17(2):144-150.
[17]?KE J S,CARL B.Pettersson.Intelligent Systems for QA/QC in soil compaction[C]//Proceeding of the 83rd Annual Transportation Research Board Meeting.Washington D C,January,2004:1-17.
[18]MOGAII K A,LIM H S.Application of Dempster-Shafer theory of evidence model to geoelectric and hydraulic parameters for groundwater potential zonation[J].Nriag Journal of Astronomy&Geophysics,2018,7(6):134-148.
[19]程华,杜思伟,徐萃华,等.基于DS证据的信息融合算法多指标融合[J].华东理工大学学报(自然科学版),2011,37(4):100-103.CHENG Hua,DU Siwei,XU Cuihua,et al.A D-S-based multi-index fusion of information fusion algorithm[J].Journal of East China University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition),2011,37(4):100-103.(in Chinese)
[20]王玉冰,程嗣怡,周一鹏,等.基于DS证据理论的机载火控雷达空空工作模式判定[J].现代雷达,2017,39(5):79-84.WANG Yubing,CHENG Siyi,ZHOU Yipeng,et al.Air-toair operation modes recognition of airborne fire control radar based on DS evidence theory[J].Modern Radar,2017,39(5):79-84.(in Chinese)
[21]郑霞忠,石法起,陈述,等.基于D-S证据理论的地下洞室作业人员安全行为评价[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2016,12(6):158-162.ZHENG Xiazhong,SHI Faqi,CHEN Shu,et al.Evaluation on safety behavior of workers in underground cavern based on D-S evidence theory[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2016,12(6):158-162.(in Chinese)
[22]KUMAR K M,REDDY A R M.A fast DBSCAN clustering algorithm by accelerating neighbor searching using Groups method[J].Pattern Recognition,2016,58(10):39-48.
[23]CHEN Y W,TANG S Y,BOUGUILA N,et al.A fast clustering algorithm based on pruning unnecessary distance computations in DBSCAN for high-dimensional data[J].Pattern Recognition,2018,83(11):375-387.
[24]姜建华,杨玉免,边海燕,等.改进DBSCAN聚类算法在电子商务网站评价中的应用[J].吉林大学学报(理学版),2016,54(2):329-336.JIANG Jianhua,YANG Yumian,BIAN Haiyan,et al.Application of E-Commerce sites evaluation with improved DBSCAN clustering algorithm[J].Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition),2016,54(2):329-336.(in Chinese)
[25]徐海啸,麻婧,吴旗.DBSCAN算法在高性能计算中心用户分类的应用研究[J].吉林大学学报(信息科学版),2013,31(5):528-534.XU Haixiao,MA Jing,WU Qi.Application research of DBSCAN algorithm based on high-performance computing center users classification[J].Journal of Jilin University(Information Science Edition),2013,31(5):528-534.(in Chinese)