基于GOSAT卫星遥感的我国中部地区大气CH_4时空分布
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摘要
利用2013—2016年GOSAT上被动红外探测器(TANSO)官方反演的大气CH_4柱浓度,采用普通克里金插值(Ordinary Kriging)方法对GOSAT卫星数据产品进行插值预处理,并利用ArcGIS地理信息系统空间分析软件提取各省份CH_4平均浓度,分析中部地区CH_4浓度的时空分布。结果表明,由GOSAT反演的中部地区大气CH_4年均浓度由2013年的1 827.0×10~(-9)增长到2016年的1 857.9×10~(-9),其平均绝对增长率为10.3×10~(-9)/a。中部地区大气CH_4年均浓度略低于长三角地区,高于京津冀和东三省地区。中部地区大气CH_4呈现较强的季节变化特征,江西、湖南、湖北峰值出现在9月,安徽、河南、山西峰值则出现在8月,中部六省去长期趋势后的月均值均略低于长三角地区,高于京津冀和东三省地区。我国中部地区CH_4浓度高值区主要分布在江西、湖南及周边区域,低值区则集中在河南以北及山西地区。
Based on retrieved CH_4 products of TANSO detector on GOSAT satellite during 2013-2016 and data interpolation by the Ordinary Kriging interpolation method,CH_4 concentrations of each provinces were extracted and the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of CH_4 in central areas of China were analyzed using ArcGIS.The annual CH_4 retrieved from GOSAT ranged from 1 827.0×10~(-9) in 2013 to 1 857.9×10~(-9) in2016,with a growth rate of 10.3×10~(-9) per year.The annual means in central areas of China were slightly lower than those in Yangze River Delta(YZD),but higher than those in Jing-JinJi area(JJJ)and northeastern China region(NCR).The atmospheric CH_4 presented relatively obvious seasonal variations,the peak appeared in September for Jiangxi,Hunan and Hubei,and occurred in August for Anhui,Henan and Shanxi.The"detrended"monthly means in central area of China were slightly lower than that in YZD,but higher than in JJJ and NCR.The CH_4 concentrations in Hunan,Jiangxi and the nearby areas were with the highest values,and with the lowest values over Shanxi and north areas of Henan province.
Based on retrieved CH_4 products of TANSO detector on GOSAT satellite during 2013-2016 and data interpolation by the Ordinary Kriging interpolation method,CH_4 concentrations of each provinces were extracted and the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of CH_4 in central areas of China were analyzed using ArcGIS.The annual CH_4 retrieved from GOSAT ranged from 1 827.0×10~(-9) in 2013 to 1 857.9×10~(-9) in2016,with a growth rate of 10.3×10~(-9) per year.The annual means in central areas of China were slightly lower than those in Yangze River Delta(YZD),but higher than those in Jing-JinJi area(JJJ)and northeastern China region(NCR).The atmospheric CH_4 presented relatively obvious seasonal variations,the peak appeared in September for Jiangxi,Hunan and Hubei,and occurred in August for Anhui,Henan and Shanxi.The"detrended"monthly means in central area of China were slightly lower than that in YZD,but higher than in JJJ and NCR.The CH_4 concentrations in Hunan,Jiangxi and the nearby areas were with the highest values,and with the lowest values over Shanxi and north areas of Henan province.
引文
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Peng S S,Piao S L,Bousquet P,et al.2016.Inventory of anthropogenic methane emissions in mainland China from1980 to 2010[J].Atmos Chem Phys,16:14545-14562.
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张国君.2011.中国CH4柱浓度时空分布及排量研究[D].上海:华东师范大学.Zhang G J.2011.Temporal and spatial distribution of column vertical density and emissions of methane in Chian[D].Shanghai:Eastern China Normal University.(in Chinese)
张磊,董超华,张文建,等.2008.METOP星载干涉式超高光谱分辨率红外大气探测仪(IASI)及其产品[J].气象科技,136(5):639-642.Zhang L,Dong C H,Zhang W J,et al.2008.METOP-on-board super-high spectrum resolution infrared atmospheric sounding interferometer(IASI)[J].Meteor Sci Technol,136(5):639-642.(in Chinese)
张兰兰,张金业.2018.基于GOSAT卫星数据的中国CH4浓度时空分布[J].湖北工业大学学报,33(4):37-39,47.Zhang L L,Zhang J Y.2018.Spatial and temporal distribution of CH4 concentration based on GOSAT satellite data in China[J].J Hubei University of Technology,33(4):37-39,47.(in Chinese)
周凌晞,刘立新,张晓春,等.2008.我国温室气体本底浓度网络化观测的初步结果[J].应用气象学报,19(6):641-645.Zhou L X,Liu L X,Zhang X C,et al.2008.Preliminary results on network observation of greenhouse gases at China gaw stations[J].J Appl Meteor Sci,19(6):641-645.(in Chinese)
Aumann H H,Chahine M T,Gautier C,et al.2003.AIRS/AMSU/HSB on the aqua mission:design,science objectives,data products,and processing systems[J].IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens,41(2):253-246.
常越,邓小波,刘海磊,等.2017.中国区域近地面及高空CH4时空分布特征研究[J].环境科学与技术,40(1):161-166.Chang Y,Deng X B,Liu H L,et al.2017.Temporal and spatial distribution character of CH4near surface and upper air in China[J].Environ Sci Technol,40(1):161-166.(in Chinese)
Dlugokencky E J,Nisbet E G,Fisher R,et al.2011.Global atmospheric methane:budget,changes and dangers[J].Philos Trans Roy Soc London,369:2058-2072.
段居琦,周广胜.2012.中国双季稻种植区的气候适宜性研究[J].中国农业科学,45(2):218-227.Duan J Q,Zhou G S.2012.Climatic suitability of double rice planting regions in China[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,45(2):218-227.(in Chinese)
Fang S X,Tans P P,Yao B,et al.2017.Study of atmospheric CO2and CH4 at Longfengshan WMO/GAW regional station:the variations,trends,influence of local source/sinks,and transport[J].Science China Earth Sciences,2017(10):1-10.
方双喜,周凌晞,许林,等.2012.我国4个WMO/GAW本底站大气CH4浓度及变化特征[J].环境科学,33(9):2917-2923.Fang S X,Zhou L X,Xu L,et al.2012.CH4concentrations and the variation characteristics at the four WMO/GAW background stations in China[J].Environ Sci,33(9):2917-2923.(in Chinese)
国家气候变化对策协调小组办公室.2004.中华人民共和国气候变化初始国家信息通报[M].北京:中国计划出版社.National climate change coordination group office.2004.The Peoples Republic of China Initial communication on Climate[M].Beijing:China Planning Press.(in Chinese)
Houweling S,Dentener F,Lelieveld J,et al.2000.The modeling of tropospheric methane:How well can point measurements be reproduced by aglobal model[J].J Geophys Res,105:8981-9002.
何茜,余涛,顾行发,等.2012.基于本底和卫星资料的全球CH4浓度变化和时空特征研究[J].遥感信息,27(4):34-43.He Q,Yu T,Gu X F,et al.2012.Global atmospheric methane variation and temporal-spatial distribution analysis based on grounbased and satellite data[J].Remote Sens Inf,27(4):34-43.(in Chinese)
侯姗姗,雷利萍,关贤华.2013.温室气体观测卫星GOSAT及产品[J].遥感技术与应用,28(2):269-275.Hou S S,Lei L P,Guan X H.2013.A general introduction to Greenhouse Gases observation satellite(GOSAT)and its products[J].Remote Sens Technol Appl,28(2):269-275.(in Chinese)
Kirschke S,Bousquet P,Ciais P,et al.2013.Three decades of global methane sources and sinks[J].Nature Geosci,6(10):813-823.
孔萍,殷剑敏,占明锦.2015.江西冬水田休闲期甲烷排放研究[J].气象与减灾研究,38(2):55-58.Kong P,Yin J M,Zhan M J.2015.CH4 emission from the year-round flooded paddy field in fallow season in Jiangxi[J].Meteor Disaster Reduction Res,38(2):55-58.(in Chinese)
李博伦.2015.基于遥感的中国稻田甲烷排放估算研究[D].北京:中国科学院大学.Li B L.2015.Estimation of methane emission from paddy fields in China based on Remote Sensing[D].Beijing:University of Chinese Academy of Sciences.(in Chinese)
刘建功.2015.气候变化背景下中国自然湿地生态系统甲烷排放的时空变化[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学.Liu J G.2015.Spatiotemporal variations of natural wetland methane emission over China under climate change[D].Yangling:Northwest Agriculture and University.(in Chinese)
Peng S S,Piao S L,Bousquet P,et al.2016.Inventory of anthropogenic methane emissions in mainland China from1980 to 2010[J].Atmos Chem Phys,16:14545-14562.
Rigby M,Prinn R G,Fraser P J,et al.2008.Renewed growth of atmospheric methane[J].Geophys Res Lett,35,L22805,doi:10.1029/2008GL036037.
Warwick N J,Bekki S,Law K S,et al.2002.The impact of meteorology on the interannual growth rate of atmospheric methane[J].Geophy Res Lett,29:81-84.
WMO.2014.GHGs Bulletin:The state of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere based on global observations through 2013[EB/OL].http://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/arep/gaw/ghg/documents/GHG_Bulletin_10_Nov2014_EN.pdf.
WMO.2015.GHGs Bulletin:The state of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere based on global observations through 2014[EB/OL].https://library.wmo.int/pmb_ged/ghg-bulletin_11_en.pdf.
WMO.2016.GHGs Bulletin:The state of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere based on global observations through 2015[EB/OL].https://library.wmo.int/doc_num.php?explnum_id=3084.
WMO.2017.GHGs Bulletin:The state of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere based on global observations through 2016[EB/OL].https://library.wmo.int/doc_num.php?explnum_id=4022.
乐群,张国君,王铮.2012.中国各省市甲烷排放量初步估算及空间分布[J].地理研究,31(9):1559-1570.Yue Q,Zhang G J,Wang Z.2012.Preliminary estimation of methane emission and its distribution in China[J].Geog Res,31(9):1559-1570.(in Chinese)
Zhou L X,White J W C,Conway T J,et al.2006.Long-term record of atmospheric CO2and stable isotopic ratios at Waliguan observatory:seasonally averaged 1991-2002 source/sink signal,and a comparison of 1998-2002 record to the 11 selected sites in the northern Hemisphere[J].Global Biogeochemical Cycles,19(3),DOI:10.1029/2004GB002430.
张国君.2011.中国CH4柱浓度时空分布及排量研究[D].上海:华东师范大学.Zhang G J.2011.Temporal and spatial distribution of column vertical density and emissions of methane in Chian[D].Shanghai:Eastern China Normal University.(in Chinese)
张磊,董超华,张文建,等.2008.METOP星载干涉式超高光谱分辨率红外大气探测仪(IASI)及其产品[J].气象科技,136(5):639-642.Zhang L,Dong C H,Zhang W J,et al.2008.METOP-on-board super-high spectrum resolution infrared atmospheric sounding interferometer(IASI)[J].Meteor Sci Technol,136(5):639-642.(in Chinese)
张兰兰,张金业.2018.基于GOSAT卫星数据的中国CH4浓度时空分布[J].湖北工业大学学报,33(4):37-39,47.Zhang L L,Zhang J Y.2018.Spatial and temporal distribution of CH4 concentration based on GOSAT satellite data in China[J].J Hubei University of Technology,33(4):37-39,47.(in Chinese)
周凌晞,刘立新,张晓春,等.2008.我国温室气体本底浓度网络化观测的初步结果[J].应用气象学报,19(6):641-645.Zhou L X,Liu L X,Zhang X C,et al.2008.Preliminary results on network observation of greenhouse gases at China gaw stations[J].J Appl Meteor Sci,19(6):641-645.(in Chinese)