A~2O-MBR工艺中生物泡沫现象原因及其影响研究
|
摘要
以实际规模A~2O-MBR污水厂为研究对象,主要考察好氧池生物泡沫现象及其基本特征(质/量特征和生物特征),探究引发生物泡沫的潜在原因,并分析生物泡沫对污染物去除效果及膜污染的影响.结果表明试验期间,好氧池生物泡沫现象日趋严重,泡沫质/量特征值(泡沫量-Scum index,SI*和泡沫潜能/稳定性-Foam power,FP)随运行时间延长呈上升趋势,且SI*和FP与总胞外聚合物(extracellular polymeric substance,EPS)和结合型EPS浓度显著相关.生物泡沫中丝状菌丰度、微生物活性均高于污泥混合液.经分析生物泡沫的产生及稳定可能是由EPS作用和丝状菌(主要是微丝菌和0092型菌)作用引起的.生物泡沫持续存在期间,A~2O-MBR系统对污染物去除效果(COD、NH_4~+-N、TN、TP和浊度)稳定,并未受到负面影响.泡沫对膜污染具有一定的影响.
A full-scale A~2O-MBR wastewater treatment plant was investigated to analyze the phenomenon and characteristics of foam(quality/quantity and biological feature)in the oxic tank.Furthermore,the possible causes of foaming,as well as the effects of foaming on the pollutants removal and membrane fouling were elucidated.The results showed a significant progression of the foaming phenomenon,whereby the foam quality/quantity parameters(foam quantity-Scum index,SI~*and foam potential/stabilityFoam power,FP)increased considerably with running time.Also,the foam SI*and FP values were significantly correlated with the concentrations of total EPS and bound EPS.In addition,the abundance of filamentous bacteria and microbial activity in the foam were notably higher than that in the mixed liquor.Analytically,the formation and stability of foam might be caused by EPS and filamentous bacteria(mainly Microthrix parvicella and Eikelboom 0092type).Nonetheless,the efficiencies of pollutants removal(COD、NH_4~+-N、TN、TP and turbidity)were found to be free from the negative effects of biological foam.In contrast,membrane fouling was influenced by biological foam to some extent.
A full-scale A~2O-MBR wastewater treatment plant was investigated to analyze the phenomenon and characteristics of foam(quality/quantity and biological feature)in the oxic tank.Furthermore,the possible causes of foaming,as well as the effects of foaming on the pollutants removal and membrane fouling were elucidated.The results showed a significant progression of the foaming phenomenon,whereby the foam quality/quantity parameters(foam quantity-Scum index,SI~*and foam potential/stabilityFoam power,FP)increased considerably with running time.Also,the foam SI*and FP values were significantly correlated with the concentrations of total EPS and bound EPS.In addition,the abundance of filamentous bacteria and microbial activity in the foam were notably higher than that in the mixed liquor.Analytically,the formation and stability of foam might be caused by EPS and filamentous bacteria(mainly Microthrix parvicella and Eikelboom 0092type).Nonetheless,the efficiencies of pollutants removal(COD、NH_4~+-N、TN、TP and turbidity)were found to be free from the negative effects of biological foam.In contrast,membrane fouling was influenced by biological foam to some extent.
引文
[1]王芳,李之鹏,徐仲,等.AF-MBR处理海水养殖废水性能及膜污染特性[J].中国环境科学,2018,38(5):1760-1766.Wang F,Li Z P,Xu Z,et al.Studies on the nitrogen removal performance and membrane fouling characteristics of AF-MBR for mariculture wastewater treatment[J].China Environmental Science,2018,38(5):1760-1766.
[2]余智勇,文湘华.厌氧膜生物反应器中亲疏水性有机物的膜污染特征[J].中国环境科学,2018,38(7):2471-2476.Yu Z Y,Wen X H.Fouling of microfiltration membranes by hydrophilic and hydrophobic organic fractions in Anaerobic membrane bioreactors[J].China Environmental Science,2018,38(7):2471-2476.
[3]李宗仁,张新颖,林琳琳,等.污泥膨胀和生物泡沫的形成机理和控制方法[J].净水技术,2018,37(4):28-33.Li Z R,Zhang X Y,Lin L L,et al.Mechanism and control solutions for formation of sludge bulking and biological foaming[J].Water Purification Technology,2018,37(4):28-33.
[4]Capodici M,Di Bella G,Nicosia S,et al.Effect of chemical and biological surfactants on activated sludge of MBR system:Microscopic analysis and foam test[J].Bioresource Technology,2015,177:80-86.
[5]Maza-Marquez P,Vílchez-Vargas R,Boon N,et al.The ratio of metabolically active versus total Mycolata populations trigger foaming in a membrane bioreactor[J].Water Research,2016,92:208-217.
[6]Di Bella G,Torregrossa M.Foaming in membrane bioreactors:identification of the causes[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2013,128(20):453-461.
[7]You S J,Sue W M.Filamentous bacteria in a foaming membrane bioreactor[J].Journal of Membrane Science,2009,342(1):42-49.
[8]Jenkins D,Richard M G,Daigger G T.Manual on the causes and control of activated sludge bulking,foaming,and other solids separation problems,3rd ed[M].IWA Publishing,London,UK,2004.
[9]Di Bella G,Torregrossa M,Viviani G.The role of EPS concentration in MBR foaming:Analysis of a submerged pilot plant[J].Bioresource Technology,2011,102(2):1628-1635.
[10]Cosenza A,Di Bella G,Mannina G,et al.The role of EPS in fouling and foaming phenomena for a membrane bioreactor[J].Bioresource Technology,2013,147(7):184-192.
[11]Campo R,Capodici M,Di Bella G,et al.The role of EPS in the foaming and fouling for a MBR operated in intermittent aeration conditions[J].Biochemical Engineering Journal,2017,118:41-52.
[12]Kale M M,Singh K S.Foaming in sludge-bed anaerobic membrane bioreactor[J].Journal of Environmental Engineering,2016,142(4):1-3.
[13]Hu Y,Wang X C,Zhang Y,et al.Characteristics of an A2O-MBRsystem for reclaimed water production under constant flux at low TMP[J].Journal of Membrane Science,2013,431:156-162.
[14]Dubois M,Gilles K A,Hamilton J K,et al.Colorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances[J].Analytical Chemistry,1956,28(3):350-356.
[15]Hartree E F.Determination of protein:a modification of the Lowry method that gives a linear photometric response[J].Analytical Biochemistry,1972,48(2):422-427.
[16]Pretorius W A,Laubscher C J P.Control of biological scum in activated sludge plants by means of selective flotation[J].Water Science and Technology,1987,19:1003-1011.
[17]Nakajima J,Mishima I.Measurement of foam quality of activated sludge in MBR process[J].Acta Hydrochimca et Hydrobiologica,2005,33(3):232-239.
[18]Yang C,Zhang W,Liu R,et al.Phylogenetic diversity and metabolic potential of activated sludge microbial communities in full-scale wastewater treatment plants[J].Environmental Science and Technology,2011,45(17):7408-7415.
[19]Zhang T Y,Wu Y H,Zhuang L L,et al.Screening heterotrophic microalgal strains by using the Biolog method for biofuel production from organic wastewater[J].Algal Research,2014,6:175-179.
[20]国家环境保护总局.水和废水监测分析方法[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002.Chinese,N.E.P.A.Water and Wastewater Monitoring Methods[M].Beijing:Chinese Environmental Science Publishing House,2002.
[21]Dunkel T,Gallegos E L D L,Bock C,et al.Illumina sequencing for the identification of filamentous bulking and foaming bacteria in industrial activated sludge plants[J].International Journal of Environmental Science&Technology,2017,15(5):1-20.
[22]游佳,张向阳,郑兴灿,等.氧化沟系统的生物泡沫现象及生物性能初步研究[J].中国给水排水,2013,29(21):93-96.You J,Zhang X Y,Zheng X C,et al.Study on biological foams and their performance in oxidation ditch[J].China Water&Wastewater,2013,29(21):93-96.
[23]Wang Z,Wu Z,Tang S.Extracellular polymeric substances(EPS)properties and their effects on membrane fouling in a submerged membrane bioreactor[J].Water Research,2009,43(9):2504-2512.
[24]Jiang T,Kennedy M D,Guinzbourg B F,et al.Optimising the operation of a MBR pilot plant by quantitative analysis of the membrane fouling mechanism[J].Water Science and Technology,2004,51(6/7):19-25.
[25]Lin H,Zhang M,Wang F,et al.A critical review of extracellular polymeric substances(EPSs)in membrane bioreactors:Characteristics,roles in membrane fouling and control strategies[J].Journal of Membrane Science,2014,460(9):110-125.
[26]Jorand F,Bouge-Bigne F,Block J C,et al.Hydrophobic/hydrophilic properties of activated sludge exopolymeric substances[J].Water Science and Technology,1998,37(4/5):307-315.
[27]Hong H,Peng W,Zhang M,et al.Thermodynamic analysis of membrane fouling in a submerged membrane bioreactor and its implications[J].Bioresource Technology,2013,146(10):7-14.
[28]Petrovski S,Dyson Z A,Quill E S,et al.An examination of the mechanisms for stable foam formation in activated sludge systems[J].Water Research,2011,45(5):2146-2154.
[29]Slijkhuis H,van Groenestijn J W,Kylstra D J.Microthrix parvicella,a filamentous bacterium from activated sludge:growth on Tween 80as carbon and energy source[J].Journal of General Microbiology,1984,130(8):2035-2042.
[30]GB/T18920-2002城市污水再生利用城市杂用水水质[S].GB/T18920-2002The reuse of urban recycling water--Water quality standard for urban miscellaneous water consumption[S].
[31]GB/T 18921-2002城市污水再生利用景观环境用水水质[S].GB/T18921-2002The reuse of urban recycling water--Water quality standard for scenic environment use[S].
[2]余智勇,文湘华.厌氧膜生物反应器中亲疏水性有机物的膜污染特征[J].中国环境科学,2018,38(7):2471-2476.Yu Z Y,Wen X H.Fouling of microfiltration membranes by hydrophilic and hydrophobic organic fractions in Anaerobic membrane bioreactors[J].China Environmental Science,2018,38(7):2471-2476.
[3]李宗仁,张新颖,林琳琳,等.污泥膨胀和生物泡沫的形成机理和控制方法[J].净水技术,2018,37(4):28-33.Li Z R,Zhang X Y,Lin L L,et al.Mechanism and control solutions for formation of sludge bulking and biological foaming[J].Water Purification Technology,2018,37(4):28-33.
[4]Capodici M,Di Bella G,Nicosia S,et al.Effect of chemical and biological surfactants on activated sludge of MBR system:Microscopic analysis and foam test[J].Bioresource Technology,2015,177:80-86.
[5]Maza-Marquez P,Vílchez-Vargas R,Boon N,et al.The ratio of metabolically active versus total Mycolata populations trigger foaming in a membrane bioreactor[J].Water Research,2016,92:208-217.
[6]Di Bella G,Torregrossa M.Foaming in membrane bioreactors:identification of the causes[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2013,128(20):453-461.
[7]You S J,Sue W M.Filamentous bacteria in a foaming membrane bioreactor[J].Journal of Membrane Science,2009,342(1):42-49.
[8]Jenkins D,Richard M G,Daigger G T.Manual on the causes and control of activated sludge bulking,foaming,and other solids separation problems,3rd ed[M].IWA Publishing,London,UK,2004.
[9]Di Bella G,Torregrossa M,Viviani G.The role of EPS concentration in MBR foaming:Analysis of a submerged pilot plant[J].Bioresource Technology,2011,102(2):1628-1635.
[10]Cosenza A,Di Bella G,Mannina G,et al.The role of EPS in fouling and foaming phenomena for a membrane bioreactor[J].Bioresource Technology,2013,147(7):184-192.
[11]Campo R,Capodici M,Di Bella G,et al.The role of EPS in the foaming and fouling for a MBR operated in intermittent aeration conditions[J].Biochemical Engineering Journal,2017,118:41-52.
[12]Kale M M,Singh K S.Foaming in sludge-bed anaerobic membrane bioreactor[J].Journal of Environmental Engineering,2016,142(4):1-3.
[13]Hu Y,Wang X C,Zhang Y,et al.Characteristics of an A2O-MBRsystem for reclaimed water production under constant flux at low TMP[J].Journal of Membrane Science,2013,431:156-162.
[14]Dubois M,Gilles K A,Hamilton J K,et al.Colorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances[J].Analytical Chemistry,1956,28(3):350-356.
[15]Hartree E F.Determination of protein:a modification of the Lowry method that gives a linear photometric response[J].Analytical Biochemistry,1972,48(2):422-427.
[16]Pretorius W A,Laubscher C J P.Control of biological scum in activated sludge plants by means of selective flotation[J].Water Science and Technology,1987,19:1003-1011.
[17]Nakajima J,Mishima I.Measurement of foam quality of activated sludge in MBR process[J].Acta Hydrochimca et Hydrobiologica,2005,33(3):232-239.
[18]Yang C,Zhang W,Liu R,et al.Phylogenetic diversity and metabolic potential of activated sludge microbial communities in full-scale wastewater treatment plants[J].Environmental Science and Technology,2011,45(17):7408-7415.
[19]Zhang T Y,Wu Y H,Zhuang L L,et al.Screening heterotrophic microalgal strains by using the Biolog method for biofuel production from organic wastewater[J].Algal Research,2014,6:175-179.
[20]国家环境保护总局.水和废水监测分析方法[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002.Chinese,N.E.P.A.Water and Wastewater Monitoring Methods[M].Beijing:Chinese Environmental Science Publishing House,2002.
[21]Dunkel T,Gallegos E L D L,Bock C,et al.Illumina sequencing for the identification of filamentous bulking and foaming bacteria in industrial activated sludge plants[J].International Journal of Environmental Science&Technology,2017,15(5):1-20.
[22]游佳,张向阳,郑兴灿,等.氧化沟系统的生物泡沫现象及生物性能初步研究[J].中国给水排水,2013,29(21):93-96.You J,Zhang X Y,Zheng X C,et al.Study on biological foams and their performance in oxidation ditch[J].China Water&Wastewater,2013,29(21):93-96.
[23]Wang Z,Wu Z,Tang S.Extracellular polymeric substances(EPS)properties and their effects on membrane fouling in a submerged membrane bioreactor[J].Water Research,2009,43(9):2504-2512.
[24]Jiang T,Kennedy M D,Guinzbourg B F,et al.Optimising the operation of a MBR pilot plant by quantitative analysis of the membrane fouling mechanism[J].Water Science and Technology,2004,51(6/7):19-25.
[25]Lin H,Zhang M,Wang F,et al.A critical review of extracellular polymeric substances(EPSs)in membrane bioreactors:Characteristics,roles in membrane fouling and control strategies[J].Journal of Membrane Science,2014,460(9):110-125.
[26]Jorand F,Bouge-Bigne F,Block J C,et al.Hydrophobic/hydrophilic properties of activated sludge exopolymeric substances[J].Water Science and Technology,1998,37(4/5):307-315.
[27]Hong H,Peng W,Zhang M,et al.Thermodynamic analysis of membrane fouling in a submerged membrane bioreactor and its implications[J].Bioresource Technology,2013,146(10):7-14.
[28]Petrovski S,Dyson Z A,Quill E S,et al.An examination of the mechanisms for stable foam formation in activated sludge systems[J].Water Research,2011,45(5):2146-2154.
[29]Slijkhuis H,van Groenestijn J W,Kylstra D J.Microthrix parvicella,a filamentous bacterium from activated sludge:growth on Tween 80as carbon and energy source[J].Journal of General Microbiology,1984,130(8):2035-2042.
[30]GB/T18920-2002城市污水再生利用城市杂用水水质[S].GB/T18920-2002The reuse of urban recycling water--Water quality standard for urban miscellaneous water consumption[S].
[31]GB/T 18921-2002城市污水再生利用景观环境用水水质[S].GB/T18921-2002The reuse of urban recycling water--Water quality standard for scenic environment use[S].