浙江省声环境质量现状及变化趋势研究
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摘要
依据2013年-2017年浙江省声环境质量监测数据,分析了浙江省城市声环境质量现状及变化趋势。并以省会城市杭州为代表,与国内其它省会及直辖市城市声环境现状进行了对比研究。研究结果表明,除城市功能区夜间噪声超标外,城市区域声环境和城市道路交通噪声总体满足国家标准,城市的主要环境噪声源是社会生活噪声和交通噪声。2013年—2017年,全省城市区域环境噪声等效声级在55.1～55.7分贝之间,年际度变化幅度不大;各城市近5年功能区噪声夜间超标率较高,且一直没有得到改善。城市道路交通噪声等效声级在67.3～68.1分贝之间,衢州、台州、丽水交通噪声年际变化幅度较大。杭州市在区域声环境质量、功能区声环境昼间达标率等方面仍有较大的提升和改善空间。
The acoustical environment quality in the main cities of Zhejiang Province in 2017 and nearly five years(2013～2017)is investigated by studying the current status and development trend of urban acoustic environment. Except that the substandard of the nightly noise in urban functional areas is serious, the quality of urban acoustic environment and the traffic noise in urban road can reach the national standard. Zhejiang Province from 2013 to 2017, the average sound level of environmental noise in urban areas of the province is between 55.1 and 55.7 dB. Its yearly trend is stable. All the cities face with the problem that the serious substandard of the nightly noise in urban functional areas. And this problem has still not been improved from 2013 to 2017. The average equivalent noise level of urban road traffic noise is between 67.3 to 68.1 dB. The overall quality of urban traffic road acoustic environment remains stable, except that the one of Quzhou, Taizhou and Lishui were with some disturbances. Hangzhou is chosen as a representation to study the level of acoustical environment quality by comparing with the other municipalities and capital cities. It is shown that the average equivalent sound level in urban areas and the day-time equivalent sound level in urban functional areas of Hangzhou should be improved. At last, the noise pollution prevention and control methods are discussed based on the aforementioned analysis.
The acoustical environment quality in the main cities of Zhejiang Province in 2017 and nearly five years(2013～2017)is investigated by studying the current status and development trend of urban acoustic environment. Except that the substandard of the nightly noise in urban functional areas is serious, the quality of urban acoustic environment and the traffic noise in urban road can reach the national standard. Zhejiang Province from 2013 to 2017, the average sound level of environmental noise in urban areas of the province is between 55.1 and 55.7 dB. Its yearly trend is stable. All the cities face with the problem that the serious substandard of the nightly noise in urban functional areas. And this problem has still not been improved from 2013 to 2017. The average equivalent noise level of urban road traffic noise is between 67.3 to 68.1 dB. The overall quality of urban traffic road acoustic environment remains stable, except that the one of Quzhou, Taizhou and Lishui were with some disturbances. Hangzhou is chosen as a representation to study the level of acoustical environment quality by comparing with the other municipalities and capital cities. It is shown that the average equivalent sound level in urban areas and the day-time equivalent sound level in urban functional areas of Hangzhou should be improved. At last, the noise pollution prevention and control methods are discussed based on the aforementioned analysis.
引文
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[3]环境保护部.中国环境噪声污染防治报告(2013)[R].2013.
[4]姜婷.浙江省城市噪声污染现状及对策研究[J].时代农机,2014(7):119-120.
[5]刘韬韬,刘月兰.噪声危害分析[J].兵团教育学院学报,2005,15(6):32-34.
[6]敬禄锋,杨俊,周相高.工业噪声危害及其控制对策[J].职业卫生与病伤,2002,17(4):303.
[7]赵仁兴.环境噪声对居民的影响[J].噪声与振动控制,1994(5):20-24.
[8]环境保护部.中国环境噪声污染防治报告(2018)[R].2018.
[9]刘砚华,曹勤,高小晋.我国城市声环境质量状况与分析[J].中国环境监测,2005,21(3):71-72.
[10]刘砚华,张朋,高小晋.我国城市噪声污染现状与特征[J].中国环境监测,2009,25(4):91-93.
[11]柳孝图.城市住宅声环境分析[J].噪声与振动控制,1989(4):23-27.
[12]张邦俊,翟国庆.环境噪声学[M].杭州:浙江大学出版社,2001.
[13]李迅,刘俊肖.完善中国噪声污染防治立法的思考[J].资源与产业,2006,8(6):94-97.
[14]刘砚华,高小晋,曹勤.我国物理监测工作的现状与建议[J].中国环境监测,2003,19(4):5-7.
[15]王波.城市道路交通噪声污染的防治对策[J].交通环保,2003,24(5):15-17.
[16]杨士建,张相阳.论新时期的噪声污染防治[J].污染防治技术,2003(2):70-71.
[17]孙伟男,郑国喜.浅谈噪声污染的危害和对策[J].中国环境管理,2005(3):48-50.