公交车辆进出停靠站对城市主干路路段的交通影响
|
摘要
公交停靠站对城市道路交通运行具有重要影响,尤其是车辆运行速度较快的主干路路段.以直线式、左侧港湾式、右侧港湾式停靠站为对象,利用无人机采集数据,构建影响率计算模型,研究和对比分析公交车辆进出不同型式停靠站时对主干路路段的交通影响.结果表明:受影响的社会车辆行为表现为减速跟驰、减速通过、停车等待、变换车道、借道通过5种,以减速跟驰和变换车道为主;直线式停靠站对交通运行总影响最大;公交车辆在直线式停靠站静止停靠时影响最大,在港湾式停靠站加速出站时影响最大,且其在左侧港湾式停靠站处的停车不规范,易导致社会车辆的借道通过行为;受影响的社会车辆行为发生位置的分布亦区别较大.
Bus stops have important impacts on the urban road traffic operation, especially major arterial segments where vehicles run fast. Using data collected by unmanned aerial vehicles, linear, left-side harbor, and right-side harbor bus stops are investigated. The affection rate calculation model is constructed. Traffic impacts of buses' entering and exiting different types of stops on urban major arterial segments are studied and compared.Results show that affected social vehicles behave as slowing down and following, decelerating and passing,parking and waiting, changing lanes and driving on the road marking. The main behaviors are decelerating and lane change. Total impacts of the linear bus stop on traffic operation are the largest. For a linear bus stop, buses' parking at it has the greatest impact on traffic operation; for a harbor bus stop, buses' driving out of it has the greatest impact. Moreover, buses' unregulated parking behavior at the left-side harbor bus stop will lead to driving on the road marking of social vehicles. Position distributions of behaviors of affected social vehicles are also quite different.
Bus stops have important impacts on the urban road traffic operation, especially major arterial segments where vehicles run fast. Using data collected by unmanned aerial vehicles, linear, left-side harbor, and right-side harbor bus stops are investigated. The affection rate calculation model is constructed. Traffic impacts of buses' entering and exiting different types of stops on urban major arterial segments are studied and compared.Results show that affected social vehicles behave as slowing down and following, decelerating and passing,parking and waiting, changing lanes and driving on the road marking. The main behaviors are decelerating and lane change. Total impacts of the linear bus stop on traffic operation are the largest. For a linear bus stop, buses' parking at it has the greatest impact on traffic operation; for a harbor bus stop, buses' driving out of it has the greatest impact. Moreover, buses' unregulated parking behavior at the left-side harbor bus stop will lead to driving on the road marking of social vehicles. Position distributions of behaviors of affected social vehicles are also quite different.
引文
[1]杨晓光,徐辉,龙科军,等.公交停靠站对相邻车道通行能力的影响[J].系统工程, 2009(8):74-79.[YANG X G, XU H, LONG K J, et al. The effects of bus stops on capacity of neighboring lanes[J]. Systems Engineering,2009(8):74-79.]
[2]姬浩,吕美,苏兵.公交车停靠行为对城市道路通行能力影响研究[J].中国安全科学学报, 2015, 25(1):128-132.[JI H, LV M, SU B. Effects of bus stopping behavior on urban two-lane-road capacity[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2015, 25(1):128-132.]
[3]刘路,毛保华,梁肖,等.定点停靠公交站的路段通行能力计算方法[J].交通运输系统工程与信息, 2015, 15(4):123-128.[LIU L, MAO B H, LIANG X, et al.Calculation method of road link capacity with fixeddwelling bus stop[J]. Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology, 2015, 15(4):123-128.]
[4] WANG X, WANG C, YE Z, et al. The impact of dwelling buses on capacity of motor vehicles at different types of bus stops[C]. Presented at the 96th TRB Annual Meeting, Washington D.C., 2017.
[5] LUO Q, ZHENG T, WU W, et al. Modeling the effect of bus stops on capacity of curb lane[J]. International Journal of Modern Physics C, 2018, 29(3):1850022.
[6]郭中华,王炜,陆建.非港湾式公交停车对道路交通流的影响分析[J].公路交通科技, 2005, 22(11):138-143.[GUO Z H, WANG W, LU J. Analysis of road traffic flow affected by bus stops without bus bay[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development, 2005, 22(11):138-143.]
[7] GU W, CASSIDY M J, GAYAH V V, et al. Mitigating negative impacts of near-side bus stops on cars[J].Transportation Research Part B:Methodological, 2013(47):42-56.
[8] BANSAL P, AGRAWAL R, TIWARI G. Impacts of busstops on the speed of motorized vehicles under heterogeneous traffic conditions:A case-study of Delhi,India[J]. International Journal of Transportation Science and Technology, 2014, 3(2):167-178.
[9]张洪宾,孙小端,贺玉龙.公交站和出口组合影响的交通流生存分析[J].北京工业大学学报, 2015, 41(1):103-108.[ZHANG H B, SUN X D, HE Y L. Survival analysis of traffic flow based on the combination effect of bus stop and exit[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Technology, 2015, 41(1):103-108.]
[10] ZHANG H B, SUN X D, HE Y L. Capacity models on expressway near a bus bay stop with an access[J].Journal of Central South University, 2015, 22(8):3239-3246.
[11] FENG W, FIGLIOZZI M, BERTINI R L. Quantifying the joint impacts of stop locations, signalized intersections,and traffic conditions on bus travel time[J]. Public Transport, 2015, 7(3):391-408.
[12] ZHAO X M, JIA B, GAO Z Y, et al. Traffic interactions between motorized vehicles and nonmotorized vehicles near a bus stop[J]. Journal of Transportation Engineering, 2009, 135(11):894-906.
[13] YANG X B, GAO Z Y, GUO H W, et al. Survival analysis of car travel time near a bus stop in developing countries[J]. Science China, 2012, 55(8):2355-2361.
[14] ZHANG J, LI Z, ZHANG F, et al. Evaluating the impacts of bus stop design and bus dwelling on operations of multitype road users[J]. Journal of Advanced Transportation, 2018, Article ID 4702517,DOI:10.1155/2018/4702517.
[15] HUANG Z, GUO X, ZHANG C, et al. Modeling the effects of bus stops on bicycle traffic flow by cellular automata[J]. Journal of Advanced Transportation, 2018,Article ID 5876104, DOI:10.1155/2018/5876104.
[16]汪济洲,徐良杰,余金林,等.公交车进出港湾式停靠站安全性评价[J].武汉理工大学学报(交通科学与工程版), 2017, 41(3):458-462.[WANG J Z, XU L J, YU J L, et al. Safety evaluation of bus moving in and out of harbor-shaped stop[J]. Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Transportation Science&Engineering),2017, 41(3):458-462.]
[17]王昊,郑云壮,段淞耀,等.基于航模辅助观测的车辆轨迹提取方法[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报, 2014, 46(6):105-110.[WANG H, ZHENG Y Z, DUAN S Y, et al.Vehicle trajectory extraction based on traffic videotaping from model aircraft[J]. Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology, 2014, 46(6):105-110.]
[18] KE R, LI Z, KIM S, et al. Real-time bidirectional traffic flow parameter estimation from aerial videos[J]. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems,2017, 18(4):890-901.
[2]姬浩,吕美,苏兵.公交车停靠行为对城市道路通行能力影响研究[J].中国安全科学学报, 2015, 25(1):128-132.[JI H, LV M, SU B. Effects of bus stopping behavior on urban two-lane-road capacity[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2015, 25(1):128-132.]
[3]刘路,毛保华,梁肖,等.定点停靠公交站的路段通行能力计算方法[J].交通运输系统工程与信息, 2015, 15(4):123-128.[LIU L, MAO B H, LIANG X, et al.Calculation method of road link capacity with fixeddwelling bus stop[J]. Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology, 2015, 15(4):123-128.]
[4] WANG X, WANG C, YE Z, et al. The impact of dwelling buses on capacity of motor vehicles at different types of bus stops[C]. Presented at the 96th TRB Annual Meeting, Washington D.C., 2017.
[5] LUO Q, ZHENG T, WU W, et al. Modeling the effect of bus stops on capacity of curb lane[J]. International Journal of Modern Physics C, 2018, 29(3):1850022.
[6]郭中华,王炜,陆建.非港湾式公交停车对道路交通流的影响分析[J].公路交通科技, 2005, 22(11):138-143.[GUO Z H, WANG W, LU J. Analysis of road traffic flow affected by bus stops without bus bay[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development, 2005, 22(11):138-143.]
[7] GU W, CASSIDY M J, GAYAH V V, et al. Mitigating negative impacts of near-side bus stops on cars[J].Transportation Research Part B:Methodological, 2013(47):42-56.
[8] BANSAL P, AGRAWAL R, TIWARI G. Impacts of busstops on the speed of motorized vehicles under heterogeneous traffic conditions:A case-study of Delhi,India[J]. International Journal of Transportation Science and Technology, 2014, 3(2):167-178.
[9]张洪宾,孙小端,贺玉龙.公交站和出口组合影响的交通流生存分析[J].北京工业大学学报, 2015, 41(1):103-108.[ZHANG H B, SUN X D, HE Y L. Survival analysis of traffic flow based on the combination effect of bus stop and exit[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Technology, 2015, 41(1):103-108.]
[10] ZHANG H B, SUN X D, HE Y L. Capacity models on expressway near a bus bay stop with an access[J].Journal of Central South University, 2015, 22(8):3239-3246.
[11] FENG W, FIGLIOZZI M, BERTINI R L. Quantifying the joint impacts of stop locations, signalized intersections,and traffic conditions on bus travel time[J]. Public Transport, 2015, 7(3):391-408.
[12] ZHAO X M, JIA B, GAO Z Y, et al. Traffic interactions between motorized vehicles and nonmotorized vehicles near a bus stop[J]. Journal of Transportation Engineering, 2009, 135(11):894-906.
[13] YANG X B, GAO Z Y, GUO H W, et al. Survival analysis of car travel time near a bus stop in developing countries[J]. Science China, 2012, 55(8):2355-2361.
[14] ZHANG J, LI Z, ZHANG F, et al. Evaluating the impacts of bus stop design and bus dwelling on operations of multitype road users[J]. Journal of Advanced Transportation, 2018, Article ID 4702517,DOI:10.1155/2018/4702517.
[15] HUANG Z, GUO X, ZHANG C, et al. Modeling the effects of bus stops on bicycle traffic flow by cellular automata[J]. Journal of Advanced Transportation, 2018,Article ID 5876104, DOI:10.1155/2018/5876104.
[16]汪济洲,徐良杰,余金林,等.公交车进出港湾式停靠站安全性评价[J].武汉理工大学学报(交通科学与工程版), 2017, 41(3):458-462.[WANG J Z, XU L J, YU J L, et al. Safety evaluation of bus moving in and out of harbor-shaped stop[J]. Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Transportation Science&Engineering),2017, 41(3):458-462.]
[17]王昊,郑云壮,段淞耀,等.基于航模辅助观测的车辆轨迹提取方法[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报, 2014, 46(6):105-110.[WANG H, ZHENG Y Z, DUAN S Y, et al.Vehicle trajectory extraction based on traffic videotaping from model aircraft[J]. Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology, 2014, 46(6):105-110.]
[18] KE R, LI Z, KIM S, et al. Real-time bidirectional traffic flow parameter estimation from aerial videos[J]. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems,2017, 18(4):890-901.