国网辖区特高压直流线路防雷运行现状分析
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摘要
据统计,国网所辖特高压直流线路雷击故障概率较特高压交流线路高,有必要对国网特高压直流线路防雷运行现状进行分析。国网三大特高压直流线路(复奉线、锦苏线、宾金线,简称"三大直流")的雷电参数及雷击重启情况表明宾金线的雷击重启率较高。在提出若干影响特高压直流线路雷击重启的因素基础上,分别研究了各因素对雷击重启的影响程度,并基于各因素间的相关性分析,分别得到了单因素和多重因素组合对雷击重启的影响程度。通过电气几何模型,分析杆塔耐雷性能,得出了宾金线雷击重启率高的原因为导线和横担间的空气间隙距离较短。对两个典型的雷击重启失败,进而造成单极闭锁的案例进行了分析,结果表明后续多重雷击以及正极性雷电的长连续电流是造成特高压直流线路重启失败的重要原因。最后对目前的防雷现状进行了总结,为特高压直流线路防雷治理工作提供了重要的理论依据。
According to statistics, the fault rate of ultra-high voltage DC(UHVDC) transmission line is higher than that of ultra-high voltage AC(UHVAC) transmission line under management of State Grid Corporation of China(SGCC), so it is essential to analyze the lightning protection operation status of UHVDC transmission lines of SGCC. In this paper, lightning parameters and lightning flashover information of three major UHVDC lines in SGCC(Fufeng line, Jinping-South Jinsu line, Binjin line) are collected and analyzed. Results indicate that the lightning flashover rate of Yibin-Jinhua DC line is the highest. After that, factors which may have impacts on lightning flashover of UHVDC line are proposed, and the weight of these factors are studied. Weights of single factor and multiple factors based on correlation of them are obtained. By analyzing lightning protection performance using electric geometrical model, it can be inferred that the distance between conductor and cross arm is relatively short, which results in a higher lightning flashover rate for Yibin-Jinhua DC line. Two typical cases of lightning flashover failure which caused monopole locking are proposed and analyzed, the result indicates that multiple subsequent strokes and long duration of continuous current of positive lightning stroke are two main reasons for lightning flashover failure. Finally, lightning protection operation status of UHVDC transmission lines is concluded, which provides a significant theoretic foundation for lightning protection of UHVDC.
According to statistics, the fault rate of ultra-high voltage DC(UHVDC) transmission line is higher than that of ultra-high voltage AC(UHVAC) transmission line under management of State Grid Corporation of China(SGCC), so it is essential to analyze the lightning protection operation status of UHVDC transmission lines of SGCC. In this paper, lightning parameters and lightning flashover information of three major UHVDC lines in SGCC(Fufeng line, Jinping-South Jinsu line, Binjin line) are collected and analyzed. Results indicate that the lightning flashover rate of Yibin-Jinhua DC line is the highest. After that, factors which may have impacts on lightning flashover of UHVDC line are proposed, and the weight of these factors are studied. Weights of single factor and multiple factors based on correlation of them are obtained. By analyzing lightning protection performance using electric geometrical model, it can be inferred that the distance between conductor and cross arm is relatively short, which results in a higher lightning flashover rate for Yibin-Jinhua DC line. Two typical cases of lightning flashover failure which caused monopole locking are proposed and analyzed, the result indicates that multiple subsequent strokes and long duration of continuous current of positive lightning stroke are two main reasons for lightning flashover failure. Finally, lightning protection operation status of UHVDC transmission lines is concluded, which provides a significant theoretic foundation for lightning protection of UHVDC.
引文
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[2]周国伟,顾用地,周建平,等.特高压直流输电系统非特征谐波分析[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(3):122-128.Zhou Guowei,Gu Yongdi,Zhou Jianping,et al.Analysis of noncharacteristic harmonic in UHVDC system[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(3):122-128(in Chinese).
[3]王智冬.特高压直流风电火电联合外送电源规模优化方法[J].电力建设,2015,36(10):60-66.Wang Zhidong.Optimization method of UHVDC combined wind-thermal power transmission scale[J].Electric Power Construction,2015,36(10):60-66(in Chinese).
[4]盛骤,谢式千,潘承毅.概率论与数理统计[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2008.
[5]李瑞芳,吴广宁,曹晓斌,等.输电线路档距两端导线不等高时雷电绕击率的计算[J].高电压技术,2010,36(7):1681-1685.Li Ruifang,Wu Guangning,Cao Xiaobin,et al.Calculation on shielding failure rate of transmission lines when the height of conductors on both ends of the span is unequal[J].High Voltage Engineering,2010,36(7):1681-1685(in Chinese).
[6]姚尧,李健,李涵,等.基于山区雷电先导发展的改进电气几何模型仿真研究[J].高电压技术,2015,41(5):1550-1557.Yao Yao,Li Jian,Li Han,et al.Simulation research of improved electro-geometric model based on lightning leader development in mountainous terrain[J].High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(5):1550-1557(in Chinese).
[7]Eriksson A J.An improved electrogeometric model for transmission line shielding analysis[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1987,2(3):859-870.
[8]司马文霞,郑皓元,杨庆,等.复杂地形下输电线路绕击跳闸次数3维计算方法[J].高电压技术,2014,40(3):662-668.Sima Wenxia,Zheng Haoyuan,Yang Qing,et al.Threedimensional Method of Calculating Shielding Failure Flashover Times of Transmission Line in Complex Terrain Area[J].High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(3):662-668(in Chinese).
[9]杜林,陈寰,陈少卿,等.架空输电线路雷电绕击与反击的识别[J].高电压技术,2014,40(9):2885-2893.Du Lin,Chen Huan,Chen Shaoqing,et al.Identification Method of Shielding Failure and Back Striking for Overhead Transmission Line[J].High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(9):2885-2893(in Chinese).
[10]张义军,孟青,Paul R.Krehbiel,等.正地闪发展的时空结构特征与闪电双向先导[J].中国科学,2006,36(1):98-108.
[11]陈绍东,李斌,孟青,等.正极性地闪和双极性闪电特征[J].气象科技,2007,35:21-26.Chen Shaodong,Li Bin,Meng Qing,et al.Features of Positive Cloud-to-ground and Bipolar Lightning Flashes[J].Meteorological Science and Technology,2007,35:21-26(in Chinese).