MEMS非接触式特高压直流验电器报警阈值设定与实测
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摘要
目前中国已建成多条±800kV的特高压直流线路,检修作业是确保线路运行可靠性的重要技术手段,而直流线路验电是确保人员和设备安全的重要技术措施,但其验电缺乏通用设备和相关标准。文中通过仿真得到直流输电线路双极运行、单正极运行和单负极运行等不同运行方式下测量位置附近的电场分布情况;基于MEMS电场传感器进行了测试和标定;基于仿真计算结果和现场实测选择检修时验电器的测量位置和进行验电器报警阈值的分析与设定;在此基础上研制了非接触式特高压直流验电器并进行了现场测试,验证了验电器的有效性。
Although a number of 800kV UHVDC lines has been built,there is lack of general UHVDC electroscopeequipment and relevant standards. Therefore,a non-contact electroscope based on MEMS(micro-electro-mechani-cal system)is proposed in this paper. The reasonable measuring position of the electroscope is selected. The distribu-tion of electric field of UHVDC transmission lines in different operating modes,such as double-pole operation andsingle pole operation,are obtained through simulation and analysis. The alarm threshold of electroscope is set and the field test is carried out. The effectiveness of the electroscope is verified.
Although a number of 800kV UHVDC lines has been built,there is lack of general UHVDC electroscopeequipment and relevant standards. Therefore,a non-contact electroscope based on MEMS(micro-electro-mechani-cal system)is proposed in this paper. The reasonable measuring position of the electroscope is selected. The distribu-tion of electric field of UHVDC transmission lines in different operating modes,such as double-pole operation andsingle pole operation,are obtained through simulation and analysis. The alarm threshold of electroscope is set and the field test is carried out. The effectiveness of the electroscope is verified.
引文
[1]胡毅,刘凯,胡建勋,等.±800 k V特高压直流线路带电作业安全防护用具的分析[J].高电压技术,2010,36(10):2357-2361.HU Yi,LIU Kai,HU Jianxun,et al.Analysis on safety protective equipments for live working on±800 k V UHVDCtransmission line[J].High Voltage Engineering,2010,36(10):2357-2361.
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[3]张大堃,张文胜.强电磁场对1 000 k V等电位在线验电器的影响和防护措施[J].四川电力技术,2015,38(6):38-42.ZHANG Dakun,ZHANG Wensheng.The effect of electromagnetic field on 1 000 kV potential to online electroscope and protective measures[J].Sichuan Electric Power Technology,2015,38(6):38-42.
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[9]乔骥,邹军,袁建生,等.采用有限差分求解高压直流输电线路空间离子流场的新方法[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(6):85-91.QIAO Ji,ZOU Jun,YUAN Jiansheng,et al.A new finite difference based approach for calculating ion flow field of HVDC transmission lines[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(6):85-91.
[10]黄国栋,阮江军,杜志叶,等.改进三维上流元法计算特高压直流线路离子流场[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(33):152-159.HUANG Guodong,RUAN Jiangjun,DU Zhiye,et al.Improved 3-D upwind FEM for solving ionized field of HVDCtransmission lines[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(33):152-159.
[11]杨勇.±800 kV直流线路负极性悬空时的地面合成电场计算和分析[J].电网技术,2013,37(6):1531-1535.YANG Yong.Calculation and analysis of total electric field at ground level beneath±800 kV DC Transmission lines with out-of-operational negative pole line[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(6):1531-1535.
[12]李敏,余占清,曾嵘,等.高海拔±800 kV直流输电线路电磁环境测量[J].南方电网技术,2011,5(1):42-45.LI Min,YU Zhanqing,ZENG Rong,et al.Electromagnetic environment measurement of±800 kV DC transmission lines at high altitude[J].Southern Power System Technology,2011,5(1):42-45.
[13]邓军,肖遥,楚金伟,等.±800 kV云广特高压直流线路合成电场仿真计算与分析测试[J].电力自动化设备,2015,35(2):138-144.DENG Jun,XIAO Yao,CHU Jinwei,et al.Simulative calculation and measurement analysis of total electric field for±800 kV Yunnan-Guangzhou UHVDC transmission lines[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2015,35(2):138-144.213
[14]傅宾兰.高压直流输电线路地面合成场强与离子流密度的计算[J].中国电机工程学报,1987,7(5):56-64.FU Binlan.Calulation of electric field and ion current density for bipolar HVDC line[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,1987,7(5):56-64.
[15]李清泉,刘健,李彦明.基于光纤的测量瞬态电场的球形传感器[J].传感器技术,2002,12(3):14-16.LI Qingquan,LIU Jian,LI Yanming.Spherical sensor for the measuring transient electric fields based on optical fibre[J].Journal of Transducer Technology,2002,12(3):14-16.
[16]RAO Y J,GNEWUCH H,PANNELL C N,et al.Electrooptic electric field sensor based on periodically poled LiN-bO3[J].Electronics Letters,1999,35(7):596-597.
[17]TAKASHI M,YASUHIDEN,TATSUO T.Determination of electric field distribution in oil using the kerr-effect technique after application of dc voltage[J].IEEE Transactions E I,1990,25(3):475.
[18]杨鹏飞,陈博,闻小龙,等.一种基于MEMS芯片的新型地面大气电场传感器[J].电子与信息学报,2016,38(6):1536-1540.YANG Pengfei,CHEN Bo,WEN Xiaolong,et al.A novel MEMS chip-based ground atmospheric electric field sen-214sor[J].Journal of Electronics&Information Technology,2016,38(6):1536-1540.
[19]顾植彬,杨鹏飞,彭春荣,等.MEMS结构的带电作业电场测量预警系统[J].传感器与微系统,2017,36(4):111-113.GU Zhibin,YANG Pengfei,PENG Chunrong,et al.Electric field measurement safety warning system of live working based on MEMS structure[J].Transducer and Microsystem Technologies,2017,36(4):111-113.
[20]闻小龙,任天令,夏善红.一种电极型MEMS电场传感器封装结构[J].电子与信息学报,2016,38(11):2960-2964.WEN Xiaolong,REN Tianling,XIA Shanhong.Electrode package for electric field micro sensor[J].Journal of Electronics&Information Technology,2016,38(11):2960-2964.
[21]YANG Pengfei,CHEN Bo,WEN Xiaolong,et al.A novel MEMS chip-based atmospheric electric field sensor for lightning hazard warning applications[C]//IEEE Sensors.Busan:IEEE,2015:978-981.
[2]肖勇,樊灵孟.云广±800 k V特高压直流线路带电作业分析[J].高电压技术,2010,36(9):2206-2211.XIAO Yong,FAN Lingmeng.Analysis of live working on Yun-Guang±800 kV DC transmission line[J].High Voltage Engineering,2010,36(9):2206-2211.
[3]张大堃,张文胜.强电磁场对1 000 k V等电位在线验电器的影响和防护措施[J].四川电力技术,2015,38(6):38-42.ZHANG Dakun,ZHANG Wensheng.The effect of electromagnetic field on 1 000 kV potential to online electroscope and protective measures[J].Sichuan Electric Power Technology,2015,38(6):38-42.
[4]高桂华.基于场强分布的非接触式超高压验电器设计[D].西安:西安电子科技大学,2014.GAO Guihua.The design of non-contact electroscope of ultra-high voltage based on field intensity distribution[D].Xi’an:Xidian University,2014.
[5]1 000 kV非接触式验电器:DL/T 1183-2012[S].2012.1 000 kV non-contact electroscope:DL/T 1183-2012[S].2012.
[6]刘振亚.特高压直流输电工程电磁环境[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2009.LIU Zhenya.Electromagnetic environment of UHVDC transmissionproject[M].Beijing:ChinaElectricPowerPress,2009.
[7]崔翔,周象贤,卢铁兵.高压直流输电线路离子流场计算方法研究进展[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(36):130-141.CUI Xiang,ZHOU Xiangxian,LU Tiebing.Recent progress in the calculation methods of ion flow field of HVDC transmission lines[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(36):130-141.
[8]汪沨,范竞敏,李敏,等.高精度上流有限元法在特高压直流输电线路离子流场计算中的应用[J].高电压技术,2016,42(4):1061-1067.WANG Feng,FAN Jingmin,LI Min,et al.Application of the high precision upstream FEM to calculation of the ionized field of HVDC transmission line[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(4):1061-1067.
[9]乔骥,邹军,袁建生,等.采用有限差分求解高压直流输电线路空间离子流场的新方法[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(6):85-91.QIAO Ji,ZOU Jun,YUAN Jiansheng,et al.A new finite difference based approach for calculating ion flow field of HVDC transmission lines[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(6):85-91.
[10]黄国栋,阮江军,杜志叶,等.改进三维上流元法计算特高压直流线路离子流场[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(33):152-159.HUANG Guodong,RUAN Jiangjun,DU Zhiye,et al.Improved 3-D upwind FEM for solving ionized field of HVDCtransmission lines[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(33):152-159.
[11]杨勇.±800 kV直流线路负极性悬空时的地面合成电场计算和分析[J].电网技术,2013,37(6):1531-1535.YANG Yong.Calculation and analysis of total electric field at ground level beneath±800 kV DC Transmission lines with out-of-operational negative pole line[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(6):1531-1535.
[12]李敏,余占清,曾嵘,等.高海拔±800 kV直流输电线路电磁环境测量[J].南方电网技术,2011,5(1):42-45.LI Min,YU Zhanqing,ZENG Rong,et al.Electromagnetic environment measurement of±800 kV DC transmission lines at high altitude[J].Southern Power System Technology,2011,5(1):42-45.
[13]邓军,肖遥,楚金伟,等.±800 kV云广特高压直流线路合成电场仿真计算与分析测试[J].电力自动化设备,2015,35(2):138-144.DENG Jun,XIAO Yao,CHU Jinwei,et al.Simulative calculation and measurement analysis of total electric field for±800 kV Yunnan-Guangzhou UHVDC transmission lines[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2015,35(2):138-144.213
[14]傅宾兰.高压直流输电线路地面合成场强与离子流密度的计算[J].中国电机工程学报,1987,7(5):56-64.FU Binlan.Calulation of electric field and ion current density for bipolar HVDC line[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,1987,7(5):56-64.
[15]李清泉,刘健,李彦明.基于光纤的测量瞬态电场的球形传感器[J].传感器技术,2002,12(3):14-16.LI Qingquan,LIU Jian,LI Yanming.Spherical sensor for the measuring transient electric fields based on optical fibre[J].Journal of Transducer Technology,2002,12(3):14-16.
[16]RAO Y J,GNEWUCH H,PANNELL C N,et al.Electrooptic electric field sensor based on periodically poled LiN-bO3[J].Electronics Letters,1999,35(7):596-597.
[17]TAKASHI M,YASUHIDEN,TATSUO T.Determination of electric field distribution in oil using the kerr-effect technique after application of dc voltage[J].IEEE Transactions E I,1990,25(3):475.
[18]杨鹏飞,陈博,闻小龙,等.一种基于MEMS芯片的新型地面大气电场传感器[J].电子与信息学报,2016,38(6):1536-1540.YANG Pengfei,CHEN Bo,WEN Xiaolong,et al.A novel MEMS chip-based ground atmospheric electric field sen-214sor[J].Journal of Electronics&Information Technology,2016,38(6):1536-1540.
[19]顾植彬,杨鹏飞,彭春荣,等.MEMS结构的带电作业电场测量预警系统[J].传感器与微系统,2017,36(4):111-113.GU Zhibin,YANG Pengfei,PENG Chunrong,et al.Electric field measurement safety warning system of live working based on MEMS structure[J].Transducer and Microsystem Technologies,2017,36(4):111-113.
[20]闻小龙,任天令,夏善红.一种电极型MEMS电场传感器封装结构[J].电子与信息学报,2016,38(11):2960-2964.WEN Xiaolong,REN Tianling,XIA Shanhong.Electrode package for electric field micro sensor[J].Journal of Electronics&Information Technology,2016,38(11):2960-2964.
[21]YANG Pengfei,CHEN Bo,WEN Xiaolong,et al.A novel MEMS chip-based atmospheric electric field sensor for lightning hazard warning applications[C]//IEEE Sensors.Busan:IEEE,2015:978-981.