摘要
【目的】研究重庆彭水棣棠河浮游生物群落结构及其与环境因子的关系。【方法】在2018年1月对棣棠河3个采样点的浮游生物及水质的理化因子状况进行了调查和采样。【结果】浮游植物共计4门17属41种,其中以硅藻门(Bacillariophyta)种类最多,优势种为模糊直链藻(Melosira ambigua)和颗粒直链藻(Melosira granulata);平均密度为3×10~5个·L~(-1),平均生物量为209.16mg·L~(-1);Shannon-Wiener指数(H′)、Pielou指数(J)与Margalef指数(D)分别为3.078,0.975和4.677。浮游动物共计3门11属13种,优势种为前节晶囊轮虫(Asplanchna priodonta);平均密度为10.67个·L~(-1),平均生物量为0.193mg·L~(-1);H′,J和D分别为2.038,0.965和2.141。相关性分析表明,棣棠河浮游生物的多样性指数与溶解氧含量、温度、总磷含量和总氮含量呈统计学意义上的正相关关系(p<0.05),与pH、化学需氧量、悬浮物含量、电导率和溶解固体总量呈统计学意义上的负相关关系(p<0.05)。【结论】研究河段水质为清洁型,营养程度为贫营养型。
[Purposes]To study the plankton community structure of Ditang river in Pengshui of Chongqing and its relationship with environmental factors.[Methods]The phytoplankton and physical and chemical factors of water quality at three points in Ditang river were investigated and sampled in January 2018.[Findings]The results showed that there were 83 species of phytoplankton belonging to 4 phylum 17 genera,among which diatomophyta had the most species,accounting for 68.6% of the total species.The average density was 300000 individuals·L~(-1) and the average biomass was 209.16 mg·L~(-1).The Shannon Wiener index(H′),Pielou index(J),and Margalef index(D)were 3.078,0.975,and 4.677,respectively.There were 26 species of 11 genera in 4 phytoplankton.The average density of zooplankton was 10.67 individuals·L~(-1) and the average biomass was 0.193 mg·L~(-1).The H′,J,and D were 2.038,0.965,and 2.141,respectively.Correlation analysis showed that the diversity index of plankton in Ditang river showed a statistically significant positive correlation with dissolved oxygen content,temperature,total phosphorus content and total nitrogen content(p<0.05),and a statistically significant negative correlation with pH,COD,suspended matter content,electrical conductivity and total dissolved solids(p<0.05).[Conclusions]The water quality of the studied reach was clean and the nutrient level was poor.
引文
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