饼肥配施对烤烟产质量与土壤改良的影响
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摘要
以云烟87为试验材料,通过田间试验,研究了不同比例饼肥和有机肥配施对烤烟生长与土壤改良的影响。结果表明:纯饼肥对烟株生长和土壤酶活性的促进效果最佳;施用饼肥能够促进烟株生育期提前1~3…d,并且有利于干物质积累;随着饼肥使用量的增加烟叶质体色素的含量逐渐增加,最高增加25.82%;饼肥(10%有机氮)与有机肥(10%有机氮)配施能够提高烟叶化学成分协调性,并适当降低烟碱含量,提高烟叶的内在质量。通过研究结果和经济成本两方面考虑,应该在江西推广饼肥和有机肥配施方案,提高烟叶质量,增加烟农经济收益。
A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of different proportions of cake fertilizer and organic manure on the growth of flue-cured tobacco cv. yunyan87 and the improvement of soil properties. The results indicated that the pure cake fertilizer may have a positive effect on the growth of tobacco plants and soil enzyme activity. Potential benefits of land application of cake fertilizer would make the tobacco plant grow faster in which growth periods were 1-3 days in advance and increase its maximum dry matter accumulation. The content of plastid pigment,which can significantly increase the aroma of tobacco leaves,gradually increased up to 25.82% with the increase of the amount of cake fertilizer used. The combination of cake fertilizer(10% organic nitrogen) and organic fertilizer(10% organic nitrogen) can improve the coordination of chemical composition of tobacco leaves,reduce the content of nicotine and improve the intrinsic quality of tobacco leaves. The results indicated that the application of cake fertilizer and organic manure in Jiangxi would contribute most significantly improve the quality of tobacco leaves and increase the net economic returns of the cured tobacco.
A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of different proportions of cake fertilizer and organic manure on the growth of flue-cured tobacco cv. yunyan87 and the improvement of soil properties. The results indicated that the pure cake fertilizer may have a positive effect on the growth of tobacco plants and soil enzyme activity. Potential benefits of land application of cake fertilizer would make the tobacco plant grow faster in which growth periods were 1-3 days in advance and increase its maximum dry matter accumulation. The content of plastid pigment,which can significantly increase the aroma of tobacco leaves,gradually increased up to 25.82% with the increase of the amount of cake fertilizer used. The combination of cake fertilizer(10% organic nitrogen) and organic fertilizer(10% organic nitrogen) can improve the coordination of chemical composition of tobacco leaves,reduce the content of nicotine and improve the intrinsic quality of tobacco leaves. The results indicated that the application of cake fertilizer and organic manure in Jiangxi would contribute most significantly improve the quality of tobacco leaves and increase the net economic returns of the cured tobacco.
引文
[1]杨云高,王树林,刘国,等.生物有机肥对烤烟产质量及土壤改良的影响[J].中国烟草科学,2012,33(4):70-74.
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[3]李军.烟田土壤酸化现状及修复技术探讨[J].现代农业科技,2017(21):194-195.
[4]李娟,赵秉强,李秀英,等.长期有机无机肥料配施对土壤微生物学特性及土壤肥力的影响[J].中国农业科学,2008,41(1):144-152.
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[15]刘国顺,刘韶松,贾新成,等.烟田施用有机肥对土壤理化性状和烟叶香气成分含量的影响[J].中国烟草学报,2005,11(3):29-33
[16]王能如,何宽信,王东胜,等.江西植烟土壤养分状况检测和评价[J].贵州农业科学,2011,39(2):85-90.
[17]熊志林,周孚美,杨虹琦,等.不同饼肥对烤烟生长及烟叶理化指标的影响[J].江西农业学报,2014,26(4):56-60.
[18]张勇,杨强,刘涛,等.等氮条件下不同豆饼及发酵饼肥施用量对烤烟产量及质量的影响[J].现代农业科技,2017(2):1-2.
[19]高家合,杨祥,李梅云,等.有机肥对烤烟根系发育及品质的影响[J].中国烟草科学,2009,30(6):38-41.
[20]刘雪琴,仝瑞建,石孝均.不同有机氮用量对烤烟生长、产量和品质的影响[J].广东农业科学,2013,40(8):69-71.
[21]施娴,刘艳红,王田涛,等.有机肥与烟草专用肥配施对植烟土壤微生物和土壤酶活性的动态变化[J].土壤通报,2017,48(5):1126-1131.
[2]宋国涵,杨献营,潘古焕,等.我国烤烟施肥现状存在问题及对策[J].中国烟草科学,1998,19(4):32-34.
[3]李军.烟田土壤酸化现状及修复技术探讨[J].现代农业科技,2017(21):194-195.
[4]李娟,赵秉强,李秀英,等.长期有机无机肥料配施对土壤微生物学特性及土壤肥力的影响[J].中国农业科学,2008,41(1):144-152.
[5]田婕.保山有机无机肥配施对烟叶产、质量及主要致香物质的影响[D].长沙:湖南农业大学,2010:23-27.
[6]贾伟,周怀平,解文艳,等.长期有机无机肥配施对褐土微生物生物量碳、氮及酶活性的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2008,14(4):700-705.
[7]晁赢,李絮花,赵秉强,等.有机无机肥料长期配施对作物产量及氮素吸收利用的影响[J].山东农业科学,2009(3):71-75.
[8]刘国顺,彭华伟.生物有机肥对烤烟土壤肥力及生长发育的影响[J].耕作与栽培,2004(3):29-31.
[9]丁梦娇,周冀衡,黄莺.施用不同类型有机肥烟株根区土壤肥力变化研究[J].耕作与栽培,2017(6):1-4.
[10]涂永高,历福强,蒋石香,等.不同有机肥对烤烟产量和质量的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2008,36(22):9582-9584.
[11]刘卫群,陈江华,刘建利.有机肥使用技术与烟叶品质关系[J].中国烟草学报,2003,9(S):9-18.
[12]彭华伟,刘国顺,吴学巧,等.生物有机肥对烤烟氮磷钾积累、吸收和含量的影响[J].中国烟草科学,2008,29(1):25-29.
[13]介晓磊,王镇,化党领,等.生物有机肥对土壤氮磷钾及烟叶品质成分的影响[J].中国农学通报,2010,26(1):109-114.
[14]唐莉娜,陈顺辉.不同种类有机肥与化肥配施对烤烟生长和品质的影响[J]:中国农学通报,2008,24(11):258-262.
[15]刘国顺,刘韶松,贾新成,等.烟田施用有机肥对土壤理化性状和烟叶香气成分含量的影响[J].中国烟草学报,2005,11(3):29-33
[16]王能如,何宽信,王东胜,等.江西植烟土壤养分状况检测和评价[J].贵州农业科学,2011,39(2):85-90.
[17]熊志林,周孚美,杨虹琦,等.不同饼肥对烤烟生长及烟叶理化指标的影响[J].江西农业学报,2014,26(4):56-60.
[18]张勇,杨强,刘涛,等.等氮条件下不同豆饼及发酵饼肥施用量对烤烟产量及质量的影响[J].现代农业科技,2017(2):1-2.
[19]高家合,杨祥,李梅云,等.有机肥对烤烟根系发育及品质的影响[J].中国烟草科学,2009,30(6):38-41.
[20]刘雪琴,仝瑞建,石孝均.不同有机氮用量对烤烟生长、产量和品质的影响[J].广东农业科学,2013,40(8):69-71.
[21]施娴,刘艳红,王田涛,等.有机肥与烟草专用肥配施对植烟土壤微生物和土壤酶活性的动态变化[J].土壤通报,2017,48(5):1126-1131.