去皮与水洗对三七中重金属与有效成分含量的影响
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摘要
目的:探索去皮与水洗对三七中重金属与有效成分含量的影响,为有效解决三七重金属超标问题提供参考。方法:采用专用去皮机去皮、流水冲洗处理三七,通过ICP-MS对三七中铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)、铜(Cu)、汞(Hg)、砷(As)的含量进行测定,通过高效液相色谱法(HPLC)法对其中人参皂苷Rg_1、Rb_1与三七皂苷R_1进行总量测定。结果:与空白组相比,去皮与水洗均能降低三七中Pb、Cd、Cu、Hg、As的含量,去皮三七中各重金属含量降低最多,不同处理三七有效成分总量差异无统计学意义。结论:去皮可降低三七中重金属的含量,同时对有效成分含量无影响,可作为保障三七安全性的有效初加工处理方法之一。
Objective:To provide the reference for effectively solving the problem of excess heavy metals in Sanqi through exploring the effects of peeling and washing on the contents of active ingredients and heavy metals in Sanqi. Methods: Sanqi was washed by the running water and peeled using decorticator, the contents of Pb, Cd, Cu,Hg and As in Sanqi were menasured using ICP-MS, total contents of Panax notoginseng saponins R_1, Rb_1 and Rg_1 were detected using HPLC. Results: Compared with the blank group, peeling and washing could lower the contents of Pb, Cd, Cu, Hg and As in Sanqi, the contents of heavy metals contained in Sanqi were reduced the most by peeling, there was no significant difference in the comparisons of total contents of active ingredients in Sanqi managed differently. Conclusion: Peeling could decrease the contents of heavy metals in Sanqi, while show no influence on the contents of heavy metals, which could be as one of initial processing and management methods of ensuring the safety of Sanqi effectively.
Objective:To provide the reference for effectively solving the problem of excess heavy metals in Sanqi through exploring the effects of peeling and washing on the contents of active ingredients and heavy metals in Sanqi. Methods: Sanqi was washed by the running water and peeled using decorticator, the contents of Pb, Cd, Cu,Hg and As in Sanqi were menasured using ICP-MS, total contents of Panax notoginseng saponins R_1, Rb_1 and Rg_1 were detected using HPLC. Results: Compared with the blank group, peeling and washing could lower the contents of Pb, Cd, Cu, Hg and As in Sanqi, the contents of heavy metals contained in Sanqi were reduced the most by peeling, there was no significant difference in the comparisons of total contents of active ingredients in Sanqi managed differently. Conclusion: Peeling could decrease the contents of heavy metals in Sanqi, while show no influence on the contents of heavy metals, which could be as one of initial processing and management methods of ensuring the safety of Sanqi effectively.
引文
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[2]国家质量监督检验检疫总局.GB/T19086-2008,地理标志产品文山三七[M].北京:中国标准出版社,2008:161.
[3]王其华,唐爱国,濮存海.三七不同药用部位及规格所含皂苷总量比较[J].药学与临床研究,2013,20(6):499-501.
[4]Sun S,Qi LW,Du GJ,et al.Red notoginseng:higher ginsenoside content and stronger anticancer potential than Asian and American ginseng[J].Food chem,2011,125(4):1299-1305.
[5]鲍建才,刘刚,丛登立,等.三七的化学成分研究进展[J].中成药,2006,28(2):246-253.
[6]王勇,余育企,陈士林,等.三七药材及饮片农药残留与重金属含量限量标准研究[J].世界科学技术-中医药现代化,2016,18(11):1955-1963.
[7]曾宪彩,朱美霖,蒋艳雪,等.不同清洗处理方式对三七剪口中重金属及药效成分的影响[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2015,21(8):9-12.
[8]刘佳,王丽,陆雪萍,等.三七药材中农药及重金属残留特征研究[J].中国药房,2015,26(21):2975-2977.
[9]曾鸿超,张文斌,冯光泉,等.文山三七栽培土壤铜,铅,镉和锌含量水平及污染评价[J].中成药,2009,31(2):317-320.
[10]张文斌,曾鸿超,冯光泉,等.不同栽培地区的三七总砷及无机砷含量分析[J].中成药,2011,33(2):291-293.
[11]江滨,文旭.三七中重金属含量控制的初步研究[J].中国民族民间医药杂志,1997,6(6):33-37.
[12]冯光泉,刘云芝,张文斌,等.三七植物体中重金属残留量特征研究[J].中成药,2007,28(12):1796-1798.