表面活性剂对多孔颗粒Pt/P25光催化性能的影响
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摘要
在利用化学还原法在P25上负载PtNi合金颗粒的过程中,通过加入表面活性剂聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮(PVP)和聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚(Triton X-100)获得了高度分散均匀的合金颗粒.采用去合金化的方法选择性除去合金中部分Ni原子后,得到了具有表面纳米级中空孔洞的Pt助催化剂.所得催化剂样品Pt/P25与未加表面活性剂的样品相比显示出优异的光催化降解亚甲基蓝(MB)染料的性能和分解水产氢的活性.活性提高的原因为:多孔结构的Pt助催化剂能够提供更大的比表面和更多的反应活性位点,有利于表面氧化还原反应的进行;纳米孔形成的空间限域效应能够使光生电子与反应物进行有效的反应从而提高活性.实验结果还表明,OH·和·O_2~-是光催化中起主要作用的活性物种.
Highly dispersed PtNi alloy particles were loaded on P25 as co-catalyst by chemical reduction in the presence of surfactant polyvinylpyrrolidone( PVP) and octoxinol( Triton X-100). The PtNi alloy particles were then de-alloyed to remove Ni atoms of the alloy selectively to obtain Pt nanoparticles having surface nanoscale hollow pore structure. The obtained sample showed an excellent activity for degrading the methylene blue( MB) dye and photocatalytic hydrogen production as compared with the case without the use of surfactant.This beneficial effect was ascribed to the following key factors:( 1) the nanoporous structure increased surface area and active sites for H_2 production;( 2) longer active site residence time of photogenerated electrons and reactants which is attributed to a confinement effect within the nanoporous structures. At the same time,the experimental results show that OH· and ·O_2~-are the main active species of the photocatalytic degradation of MB.
Highly dispersed PtNi alloy particles were loaded on P25 as co-catalyst by chemical reduction in the presence of surfactant polyvinylpyrrolidone( PVP) and octoxinol( Triton X-100). The PtNi alloy particles were then de-alloyed to remove Ni atoms of the alloy selectively to obtain Pt nanoparticles having surface nanoscale hollow pore structure. The obtained sample showed an excellent activity for degrading the methylene blue( MB) dye and photocatalytic hydrogen production as compared with the case without the use of surfactant.This beneficial effect was ascribed to the following key factors:( 1) the nanoporous structure increased surface area and active sites for H_2 production;( 2) longer active site residence time of photogenerated electrons and reactants which is attributed to a confinement effect within the nanoporous structures. At the same time,the experimental results show that OH· and ·O_2~-are the main active species of the photocatalytic degradation of MB.
引文
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[41]Zhang C.,Zhou Y.,Bao J.,Zhang Y.,Zhao S.,Fang J.,Chen W.,Sheng X.,Applied Organometallic Chemistry,2018,32(3),e4204
[2]Guerrero-Araque D.,Acevedo-Pe1a P.,Ramírez-Ortega D.,Lartundo-Rojas L.,Gómez R.,Journal of Chemical Technology&Biotechnology,2017,92(7),1531-1539
[3]Lu D.,Chai W.,Yang M.,Fang P.,Wu W.,Zhao B.,Xiong R.,Wang H.,Applied Catalysis B:Environmental,2016,190,44-65
[4]Park H.,Kim Y.K.,W.C.,Journal of Physical Chemistry C,2011,115(13),6141-6148
[5]Deng J.,Liu L.,Niu T.,Sun X.,Applied Surface Science,2017,403,531-539
[6]Yurdakal S.,Yanar爦..,etinkaya S.,Alag9z O.,Yal9n P.,zcan L.,Applied Catalysis B:Environmental,2017,202,500-508
[7]Hsieh S.H.,Chen W.J.,Wu C.T.,Applied Surface Science,2015,340,9-17
[8]Bernareggi M.,Dozzi M.,Bettini L.,Ferretti A.,Chiarello G.,Selli E.,Catalysts,2017,7(10),301
[9]Chen P.,Wang L.,Wang P.,Kostka A.,Wark M.,Muhler M.,Beranek R.,Catalysts,2015,5(1),270-285
[10]Cha G.,Altomare M.,Truong N.N.,Taccardi N.,Lee K.,Schmuki P.,Chem.Asian J.,2017,12(3),314-323
[11]Kmetyko A.,Mogyorosi K.,Gerse V.,Konya Z.,Pusztai P.,Dombi A.,Hernadi K.,Materials(Basel),2014,7(10),7022-7038
[12]Lin W.,Zheng H.,Zhang P.,Xu T.,Applied Catalysis A:General,2016,521,75-82
[13]Lv J.,Gao H.,Wang H.,Lu X.,Xu G.,Wang D.,Chen Z.,Zhang X.,Zheng Z.,Wu Y.,Applied Surface Science,2015,351,225-231
[14]Lee D.,Jang H.Y.,Hong S.,Park S.,Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,2012,388(1),74-79
[15]Geboes B.,Ustarroz J.,Sentosun K.,Vanrompay H.,Hubin A.,Bals S.,Breugelmans T.,ACS Catalysis,2016,6(9),5856-5864
[16]Oezaslan M.,HaschéF.,Strasser P.,Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters,2013,4(19),3273-3291
[17]Shui J.L.,Zhang J.W.,Li J.C.M.,Journal of Materials Chemistry,2011,21(17),6225-6229
[18]Zhang L.,Li Y.,Zhang Q.,Wang H.,Applied Surface Science,2014,319,21-28
[19]Sun Z.,Wang Y.,Niu M.,Yi H.,Jiang J.,Jin Z.,Catalysis Communications,2012,27,78-82
[20]Ge J.,Jiang J.,Yuan C.,Zhang C.,Liu M.,Tetrahedron Letters,2017,58(12),1142-1145
[21]Uberman P.M.,Pérez L.A.,Lacconi G.I.,Martín S.E.,Journal of Molecular Catalysis A:Chemical,2012,363/364,245-253
[22]Li X.,Chen Q.,Mccue I.,Snyder J.,Crozier P.,Erlebacher J.,Sieradzki K.,Nano Letters,2014,14(5),2569-2577
[23]Kong Q.,Feng W.,Zhu X.,Sun C.,Ma J.,Wang X.,Journal of Materials Science,2017,52(20),12445-12454
[24]Nguyen N.T.,Altomare M.,Yoo J.,Schmuki P.,Advanced Materials,2015,27(20),3208-3215
[25]Zhou Q.,Qi L.,Yang H.,Xu C.,Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,2018,513,258-265
[26]Zhang Q.,Wang X.,Qi Z.,Wang Y.,Zhang Z.,Electrochimica Acta,2009,54(26),6190-6198
[27]Song T.T.,Gao Y.L.,Zhang Z.H.,Zhai Q.J.,Corrosion Science,2013,68,256-262
[28]Zhang C.,Ji H.,Sun J.,Kou T.,Zhang Z.,Materials Letters,2013,92,369-371
[29]Nguyen N.T.,Ozkan S.,Tomanec O.,Zhou X.,Zboril R.,Schmuki P.,Journal of Materials Chemistry A,2018,6(28),13599-13606
[30]Zhang N.,Liu S.,Fu X.,Xu Y.J.,Journal of Physical Chemistry C,2011,115(18),9136-9145
[31]Liu E.,Kang L.,Yang Y.,Sun T.,Hu X.,Zhu C.,Liu H.,Wang Q.,Li X.,Fan J.,Nanotechnology,2014,25(16),165401
[32]Wang Q.,An N.,Bai Y.,Hang H.,Li J.,Lu X.,Liu Y.,Wang F.,Li Z.,Lei Z.,Int.J.Hydrogen Energy,2013,38(25),10739-10745
[33]Patnaik S.,Swain G.,Parida K.M.,Nanoscale,2018,10(13),5950-5964
[34]Ran J.,Zhang J.,Yu J.,Jaroniec M.,Qiao S.Z.,Chemical Society Reviews,2014,43(22),7787-7812
[35]Jourshabani M.,Shariatinia Z.,Badiei A.,Journal Colloid and Interface Science,2017,507,59-73
[36]Guo Y.,Li J.,Gao Z.,Zhu X.,Liu Y.,Wei Z.,Zhao W.,Sun C.,Applied Catalysis B:Environmental,2016,192,57-71
[37]Yang J.,Wang D.,Han H.,Al.E.,Accounts of Chemical Research,2013,46,1900-1909
[38]Kennedy J.,Jones W.,Morgan D.J.,Bowker M.,Lu L.,Kiely C.J.,Wells P.P.,Dimitratos N.,Catalysis,Structure&Reactivity,2014,1(1),35-43
[39]Pol R.,Guerrero M.,García-Lecina E.,Altube A.,Rossinyol E.,Garroni S.,BaróM.D.,Pons J.,Sort J.,Pellicer E.,Applied Catalysis B:Environmental,2016,181,270-278
[40]Bai Y.,Li W.,Liu C.,Yang Z.,Feng X.,Lu X.,Chan K.Y.,Journal of Materials Chemistry,2009,19(38),7055-7061
[41]Zhang C.,Zhou Y.,Bao J.,Zhang Y.,Zhao S.,Fang J.,Chen W.,Sheng X.,Applied Organometallic Chemistry,2018,32(3),e4204