数字图像相关法变形测量系统的研究与应用
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摘要
数字图像相关测量技术(DICM)是二十世纪末提出的一项现代化光测量技术,历经几十年各国学者的不断研究改进,日前相关技术也已有了很大进展,但由于各种原因,该技术的推广及在工程应用方面还存在着一系列问题。首先介绍了散斑技术的基本原理,总结出与传统变形测量方法相比,其具有非接触、测量全面、精度高以及操作简洁等优点,其次,根据其数学模型和理论并借助Visual Studio和matlab平台,结合相关硬件设备,研制了变形测量软件系统MicroGauge,先以数字模拟散斑图模拟真实环境对软件系统进行初步验证,再以散斑测量系统和传统千分表测量方法对电木板材料梁进行三点弯曲中心挠度值测量试验,并与ABAQUS有限元数值模拟值进行对比。结果表明,三种测量方式的相对误差均不超过0.5%,从而验证了该方法和整个测量系统在实际应用中的可靠性,结合计算结果,为校核结构强度提供了依据,同时为变形测量的自动化和高效化提供了可行性依据。
Digital image correlation measuring technique(DICM)is a modern optical measurement technique proposed in the end of twentieth Century. Relevant technology has been greatly improved after decades of constant research and improvement by scholars from various countries nowdays. But due to several reasons,the promotion of the technology and its application to the engineering application have a series of problems.The basic principle of speckle technique is introduced firstly in it and reach the conclusion that compared with the traditional deformation measurement methods,DICM has many advantages such as non-contact,comprehensive measurement,high precision,simple operation and so on. With the aid of Visual Studio and matlab platform,we then developed a deformation measurement software system MicroGauge according to its mathematical model and theory,combined with the relevant hardware equipment. Digital simulation speckle pattern is preliminarily used to simulate the real enviroment so that to verify the system,and then the deflection in the center of three-point bending bakelite plate was measured by micrometer gauge and DICM,the measured deflections were compared with the result computed by ABAQUS finite element method. The results show that the relative error of the three measurements were less than 0.5%,which verify the reliability of the method and the whole measurement system in practical application,combined with the calculation results,it provides evidence for the check of intensity and reliable basis for automation and high efficiency of deformation measurement.
Digital image correlation measuring technique(DICM)is a modern optical measurement technique proposed in the end of twentieth Century. Relevant technology has been greatly improved after decades of constant research and improvement by scholars from various countries nowdays. But due to several reasons,the promotion of the technology and its application to the engineering application have a series of problems.The basic principle of speckle technique is introduced firstly in it and reach the conclusion that compared with the traditional deformation measurement methods,DICM has many advantages such as non-contact,comprehensive measurement,high precision,simple operation and so on. With the aid of Visual Studio and matlab platform,we then developed a deformation measurement software system MicroGauge according to its mathematical model and theory,combined with the relevant hardware equipment. Digital simulation speckle pattern is preliminarily used to simulate the real enviroment so that to verify the system,and then the deflection in the center of three-point bending bakelite plate was measured by micrometer gauge and DICM,the measured deflections were compared with the result computed by ABAQUS finite element method. The results show that the relative error of the three measurements were less than 0.5%,which verify the reliability of the method and the whole measurement system in practical application,combined with the calculation results,it provides evidence for the check of intensity and reliable basis for automation and high efficiency of deformation measurement.
引文
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[8]金观昌,孟利波,陈俊达.数字散斑相关技术进展及应用[J].实验力学,2006(6):689-702.(Jin Guan-chang,Meng Li-bo,Chen Jun-da.The progress and applicationof digital speckle correlation method[J].Journal of Experimental Mech-anics,2006(6):689-702.)
[9]潘兵,谢惠民,续伯钦.数字图像相关中的亚像素位移定位算法进展[J].力学进展,2005(3):345-352.(Pan Bing,Xie Hui-min,Xu Bo-qin.Development of sub-pixel displac-ements registration algorithms in digital image correlation[J].Advancesin Mechanics,2005(3):689-702.)
[10]潘兵,谢惠民,戴福隆.数字图像相关中亚像素位移测量算法的研究[J].力学学报,2007(2):245-252.(Pan Bing,Xie Hui-min,Dai Fu-long.An Investigation of sub-pixeldisplacements registration algorithms in digital image correlation[J].Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics,2007(2):245-252.)
[11]Zhou P,Goodson K E.Sub-pixel displacement and deformation gradientmeasurement using digital speckle correlation(DISC)[J].Opt.Eng.,2001,40(8):1613-1620.
[12]于之靖,陶洪伟.数字散斑相关技术最优光照条件研究[J].激光与光电子学进展,2014(10):89-95.(Yu Zhi-jing,Tao Hong-wei. Investigation of the optimal light conditionon digital image correlation method[J].Laser&Optoelectronics Prog-ress,2014(10):89-95.)
[2]PETERS W F,RANSON W F.Digital imaging techniques in experimentalstress analysis[J].Opt Eng,1982,21(3):427-431.
[3]米红林,何小元.基于数字散斑相关法的金属材料力学性能的测试[J].机械设计与制造,2011(6):146-148.(Mi Hong-lin,He Xiao-yuan.Application of digital speckle correlationmethod in testing metal materials mechanical property[J].MachineryDesign and Manufacture,2011(6):146-148.)
[4]陈思颖,黄晨光,段祝平.数字散斑相关法在高速变形测量中的应用[J].中国激光,2004(6):735-739.(Chen Si-ying,Huang Chen-guang,Duan Zhu-ping.Digital specklecorrelation method and its application on impact deformation measure-ment[J].Chinese Journal of Laser,2004(6):735-739.)
[5]任茂栋,梁晋,唐正宗.微尺度三维变形测量的显微数字图像相关系统[J].光学学报,2014(5):113-122.(Ren Mao-dong,Liang Jin,Tang Zheng-zong,Guo Xiang,Li Lei-gang,Yu Miao. Microscopic three-dimensional deformation measurement sys-tem based on digital image correlation[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2014(5):113-122.)
[6]金观昌.计算机辅助光学测量[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2007.(Jin Guan-chang.Computer Aided Optical Metrology[M].Beijing:SciencePress,2007.)
[7]芮嘉白,金观昌,徐秉业.一种新的数字散斑相关方法及其应用[J].力学学报,1994,26(5):599-607.(Rui Jia-bai,Jin Guan-chang,Xu Bing-ye.An advanced digital specklecorrelation method and its application[J].Chinese Journal of Theoreticaland Applied Mechanics,1994,26(5):599-607.)
[8]金观昌,孟利波,陈俊达.数字散斑相关技术进展及应用[J].实验力学,2006(6):689-702.(Jin Guan-chang,Meng Li-bo,Chen Jun-da.The progress and applicationof digital speckle correlation method[J].Journal of Experimental Mech-anics,2006(6):689-702.)
[9]潘兵,谢惠民,续伯钦.数字图像相关中的亚像素位移定位算法进展[J].力学进展,2005(3):345-352.(Pan Bing,Xie Hui-min,Xu Bo-qin.Development of sub-pixel displac-ements registration algorithms in digital image correlation[J].Advancesin Mechanics,2005(3):689-702.)
[10]潘兵,谢惠民,戴福隆.数字图像相关中亚像素位移测量算法的研究[J].力学学报,2007(2):245-252.(Pan Bing,Xie Hui-min,Dai Fu-long.An Investigation of sub-pixeldisplacements registration algorithms in digital image correlation[J].Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics,2007(2):245-252.)
[11]Zhou P,Goodson K E.Sub-pixel displacement and deformation gradientmeasurement using digital speckle correlation(DISC)[J].Opt.Eng.,2001,40(8):1613-1620.
[12]于之靖,陶洪伟.数字散斑相关技术最优光照条件研究[J].激光与光电子学进展,2014(10):89-95.(Yu Zhi-jing,Tao Hong-wei. Investigation of the optimal light conditionon digital image correlation method[J].Laser&Optoelectronics Prog-ress,2014(10):89-95.)