不同胎次长大二元杂母猪繁殖性能的比较分析
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摘要
【目的】对比分析不同胎次长大二元杂母猪的繁殖性能,探讨胎次与母猪繁殖性能的关系,为猪场控制胎次分布提供参考依据。【方法】记录不同胎次(1～8胎)共312头长大二元杂母猪分娩原始数据,用SPSS 24.0计算各指标的平均值和标准差;采用Pearson法计算各指标间的相关系数。【结果】母猪第4胎次的受胎率与分娩率表现最佳,显著高于第8胎次(P<0.05,下同);第4胎次在产仔数和健仔数方面均表现最好,并极显著(P<0.01,下同)高于第1和8胎次;第4胎次初生窝重表现最好,显著高于第1和7胎次,极显著高于第8胎次。仔猪断奶成活率以第3胎次最高,为97.00%;第4胎次的断奶窝重极显著高于第1、2、7和8胎次。总产仔数与健仔数、初生窝重、断奶窝重和断奶成活率,健仔数与初生窝重、断奶窝重和断奶成活率呈极显著正相关。【结论】长大二元杂母猪第2～6胎次繁殖性能处在高水平,建议第6胎次后淘汰繁殖性能差的母猪,繁殖性能较好的可在第7或8胎后淘汰。
【Objective】The reproductive performance of hybrid sow of Landrace×Yorkshire with different parities was analyzed and the relationship between parity and reproductive performance of sows was discussed in this study,in order to provide reference for controlling the distribution of parity in pig farms.【Method】The original data of 312 hybrid sows of Landrace×Yorkshire with different parities(1-8 parities)were recorded. The average and standard deviation of each index were calculated by SPSS 24.0 software and the correlation coefficients among the index were calculated by Pearson method.【Result】The conception rate and delivery rate of the 4 thparity were the best,which was significantly higher than those of the 8 thparity(P<0.05,the same below). The 4 thparity had the best performance both in litter size and healthy piglets number,which was extremely higher than that of the 1 stand 8 thparities(P<0.01,the same below). The birth litter weight of the 4 thparity were the best,which was significantly higher than that of the 1 stand 7 thparities and was extremely higher than that of the 8 thparity. The weaning survival rate of the 3 rdparity(97.00%)was the highest among all the parities. The weaning nest weight of the 4 thparity was extremely higher than that of the 1 st,2 nd,7 thand 8 thparities. There was an extreme positive correlation among the total litter size and the healthy piglets,birth litter weight,weaning nest weight and weaning survival rate. The number of healthy piglets and birth litter weight,weaning nest weight and weaning survival rate also showed an extreme positive correlation.【Conclusion】The reproductive performance of the 2 ndto 6 thparities of hybrid sow of Landrace×Yorkshire is at a high level. It is recommended to eliminate the sows with poor reproductive performance after the 6 thparity,and eliminate the sows with fine reproductive performance after the 7 thor 8 thparities.
【Objective】The reproductive performance of hybrid sow of Landrace×Yorkshire with different parities was analyzed and the relationship between parity and reproductive performance of sows was discussed in this study,in order to provide reference for controlling the distribution of parity in pig farms.【Method】The original data of 312 hybrid sows of Landrace×Yorkshire with different parities(1-8 parities)were recorded. The average and standard deviation of each index were calculated by SPSS 24.0 software and the correlation coefficients among the index were calculated by Pearson method.【Result】The conception rate and delivery rate of the 4 thparity were the best,which was significantly higher than those of the 8 thparity(P<0.05,the same below). The 4 thparity had the best performance both in litter size and healthy piglets number,which was extremely higher than that of the 1 stand 8 thparities(P<0.01,the same below). The birth litter weight of the 4 thparity were the best,which was significantly higher than that of the 1 stand 7 thparities and was extremely higher than that of the 8 thparity. The weaning survival rate of the 3 rdparity(97.00%)was the highest among all the parities. The weaning nest weight of the 4 thparity was extremely higher than that of the 1 st,2 nd,7 thand 8 thparities. There was an extreme positive correlation among the total litter size and the healthy piglets,birth litter weight,weaning nest weight and weaning survival rate. The number of healthy piglets and birth litter weight,weaning nest weight and weaning survival rate also showed an extreme positive correlation.【Conclusion】The reproductive performance of the 2 ndto 6 thparities of hybrid sow of Landrace×Yorkshire is at a high level. It is recommended to eliminate the sows with poor reproductive performance after the 6 thparity,and eliminate the sows with fine reproductive performance after the 7 thor 8 thparities.
引文
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耿倩,丁荣荣,全建平,王兴旺,付帝生,周身娉,李绍云,曾忠花,顾婷,刘德武,蔡更元,吴珍芳,杨杰,郑恩琴.2018.分娩胎次及季节对母猪繁殖性能的影响研究[J].家畜生态学报,39(1):50-53.[Geng Q,Ding R R,Quan JP,Wang X W,Fu D S,Zhou S P,Li S Y,Zeng Z H,Gu T,Liu D W,Cai G Y,Wu Z F,Yang J,Zheng E Q.2018.Effects of different parities and delivery seasons on reproductive performance of Yorkshire sows[J].Acta Ecologae Animalis Domastici,39(1):50-53.]
郭建凤,牛月波,呼红梅,武英,王诚.2015.分娩胎次及季节对法系长白母猪繁殖性能的影响[J].养猪,(4):30-32.[Guo J F,Niu Y B,Hu H M,Wu Y,Wang C.2015.Study on effects of parity and farrowing season on reproductive performance of Landrace sows[J].Swine Production,(4):30-32.]
胡慧艳,贾青,赵思思,陶文欢,牛向昭,墨锋涛,张建亭.2015.大白猪不同胎次、配种季节繁殖性能比较和相关分析[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,(18):68-70.[Hu H Y,Jia Q,Zhao S S,Tao W H,Niu X Z,Mo F T,Zhang J T.2015.Comparison and correlation analysis of reproductive performance of Yorkshire sows in different parities and mating seasons[J].Heilongjiang Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,(18):68-70.]
姜丽丽,高航,时梦,刘婷,臧建军,王凤来,王军军.2018.高温环境对母猪繁殖性能的影响规律与作用机制[J].中国畜牧杂志,54(1):4-9.[Jiang L L,Gao H,Shi M,Liu T,Zang J J,Wang F L,Wang J J.2018.Impact of high temperature on reproductive performance of dows and its mechanism[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Science,54(1):4-9.]
井彦强.2016.影响母猪分娩率的主要因素及提高对策[J].现代畜牧科技,(3):8.[Jing Y Q.2016.Main factors affecting the delivery rate of sows and improvement measures[J].Modern Animal Husbandry Science and Technology,(3):8.]
蓝荣庚.2005.各种因素对母猪繁殖性能的影响[J].猪业科学,22(9):66-69.[Lan R G.2005.Effects of various factors on reproductive performance of sows[J].Swine Industry Science,22(9):66-69.]
李文明,唐凡.2017.不同胎次、不同首配日龄对新丹系大白母猪产仔性能的影响[J].猪业科学,34(3):112-114.[Li W M,Tang F.2017.Effects of different parities and different first mating age on farrowing performance in New Dannish Large-white sows[J].Swine Industry Science,34(3):112-114.]
梁超平,武力,卓曲.2016.不同胎次对长大二元杂母猪生产性能的影响[J].猪业科学,33(9):56-57.[Liang C P,Wu L,Zhuo Q.2016.Effects of different parities on production performance in Landrace-Yorkshire hybrid sows[J].Swine Industry Science,33(9):56-57.]
谭岳华,邹庆坚,郑伟,陈清森.2013.不同胎次与配种季节对美系大白种猪繁殖性能的影响[J].中国猪业,8(11):41-43.[Tan Y H,Zou Q J,Zheng W,Chen Q S.2013.Effects of different parities and mating seasons on reproductive performance in American Large-white sows[J].China Swine Industry,8(11):41-43.]
唐志明.2011.哺乳仔猪培育技术[J].农业科技与信息,(5):44-45.[Tang Z M.2011.Breeding technology for lactation piglets[J].Agricultural Science-Technology and Information,(5):44-45.]
王鹏飞,皮秀霜,弥世荣.2016.胎次及配种季节对大白猪繁殖性能的影响[J].中国猪业,11(9):36-38.[Wang P F,Pi X S,Mi S R.2016.Effects of parity and mating season on reproductive performance in Yorkshire sows[J].China Swine Industry,11(9):36-38.]
吴正常,王瑾,郑先瑞,梁永晔,孙寿永,吴圣龙.2012.长白猪不同胎次繁殖性能的比较研究[J].安徽农业科学,40(26):12906-12908.[Wu Z C,Wang J,Zheng X R,Liang Y Y,Sun S Y,Wu S L.2012.Comparative analysis of reproductive performance of Landrace pigs of different litters[J].Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences,40(26):12906-12908.]
谢保胜,徐宁迎.2003.金华猪繁殖性状的统计学分析[J].畜牧与兽医,35(5):2-5.[Xie B S,Xu N Y.2003.Statistic analysis on reproductive traits of Jinhua sows[J].Animal Husbandry&Veterinary Medicine,35(5):2-5.]
谢水华,陈瑶生,刘小红.2016.猪群配种分娩率关键影响因素分析[J].中国畜牧杂志,52(16):87-92.[Xie S H,Chen Y S,Liu X H.2016.Key factors analysis of farrowing rates[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Science,52(16):87-92.]
谢晓鹏.2012.胎次对长大二元杂种母猪产仔数和初生窝重的影响[J].养猪,(6):71-72.[Xie X P.2012.Effects of parity on litter size and birth litter weight in LandraceYorkshire hybrid sows[J].Swine Production,(6):71-72.]
谢晓鹏,罗芬芳,郑教雀,谢斌,彭梦华.2016.胎次、配种月份对长大二元母猪产仔数的影响[J].中国猪业,11(1):35-38.[Xie X P,Luo F F,Zheng J Q,Xie B,Peng M H.2016.Effect of parity and mating month on litter size of Landrace-Yorkshire hybrid sows[J].China Swine Industry,11(1):35-38.]
薛立峰.2016.提高母猪年生产力的关键因素[J].现代畜牧科技,(5):33.[Xue L F.2016.Key factors for improving annual productivity of sows[J].Modern Animal Husbandry Science&Technology,(5):33.]
杨颖姿,陈辉,陈斌.2018.影响巴克夏母猪繁殖性能的非遗传因素分析[J].养猪,(5):42-46.[Yang Y Z,Chen H,Chen B.2018.Analysis of non-genetic factors affecting reproductive performance of Berkshire sows[J].Swine Production,(5):42-46.]
于俊勇,吴先华,谢丽珍,盘金华,伍少钦.2014.不同胎次对长大二元母猪繁殖性能的影响[J].今日养猪业,(12):74-76.[Yu J Y,Wu X H,Xie L Z,Pan J H,Wu S Q.2014.Effects of different parities on reproductive performance in Landrace-Yorkshire hybrid sows[J].Pigs Today,(12):74-76.]
赵青,钟土木,楼平儿,朱建忠,龚宝明.2009.不同胎次与配种季节对金华猪繁殖性能的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,45(17):52-55.[Zhao Q,Zhong T M,Lou P E,Zhu J Z,Gong B M.2009.Effects of different parities and mating seasons on reproductive performance of Jinhua pigs[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Science,45(17):52-55.]
赵庆友,Manabat C A A.2016.母猪胎次管理与淘汰[J].今日养猪业,(4):52-54.[Zhao Q Y,Manabat C A A.2016.Management and elimination of sow parity[J].Pigs Today,(4):52-54.]
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