金沙江典型河段浮游藻类群落结构及影响因素研究
|
摘要
为研究金沙江典型河段浮游藻类的群落结构特征及主要影响因素,于2014年秋季(10月)在石鼓至宜宾江段布设6个断面进行浮游藻类群落监测。通过显微镜观察,共鉴定出浮游藻类6门30属52种,其中硅藻的物种数、细胞密度和生物量分别占65.38%,74.07%和80.65%,是优势门类。浮游藻类总细胞密度和生物量都呈现坝上逐渐降低、坝下逐渐升高的规律,石鼓最高,向家坝最低。多样性分析表明,攀枝花的浮游藻类群落多样性最高,溪洛渡和向家坝均较低。浮游藻类与环境因子的RDA分析表明,总氮是影响浮游藻类群落结构的主要环境因子。优势属现存量与环境因子的相关性分析结果表明,包括尖针杆藻Synedra acus和曲壳藻Achnanthes sp.在内的6种硅藻与水位正相关,与水温负相关,是适合在低温下生活的藻类,小环藻Cyclotella sp.则适合在温度较高的环境中生长。网状空星藻Coelastrum reticulatum、栅藻Scenedesmus sp.、尖尾蓝隐藻Chroomonas acuta和小环藻Cyclotella sp.的现存量与总氮显著正相关,能够指示水体中的氮浓度;近缘桥弯藻Cymbella affinis和谷皮菱形藻Nitzschia palea的现存量与总磷呈显著正相关,能够指示水体中的磷浓度。
To study the community structure characteristics and main influencing environment factors of phytoplankton in the Shigu-Yibin section of Chin-sha River, six sites were set up in the autumn of 2014 to monitor planktonic algae communities. A total of 52 species of 6 phyla, 30 genera of algae were identified through microscopy. Diatoms were dominant species, which accounted for 65.38%, 74.07%, and 80.65% by species numbers, cell density, and biomass respectively. The total algal density and biomass of phytoplankton decreased at the dam and gradually increased under the dam. They were the highest in Shigu and the lowest in Xiangjiaba. The diversity of phytoplankton communities in Panzhihua was the highest, and that of Xiluodu and Xiangjiaba were much lower. The redundancy analysis(RDA) showed that total nitrogen was the main factor affecting the phytoplankton community structure. The correlation between the dominant species and the environmental factors showed that six diatoms, including Synedra acus and Achnanthes sp., were positively correlated with water level and negatively correlated with water temperature, indicating that they were suitable for low temperatures, while Cyclotella sp. was suitable for growing at high temperature. Coelastrum reticulatum, Scenedesmus sp.,Chroomonas acuta and Cyclotella sp. were positively correlated with total nitrogen, while Cymbella Affinis and Nitzschia palea were positively correlated with total phosphorus, which demonstrated that they could indicate corresponding nutrients in water.
To study the community structure characteristics and main influencing environment factors of phytoplankton in the Shigu-Yibin section of Chin-sha River, six sites were set up in the autumn of 2014 to monitor planktonic algae communities. A total of 52 species of 6 phyla, 30 genera of algae were identified through microscopy. Diatoms were dominant species, which accounted for 65.38%, 74.07%, and 80.65% by species numbers, cell density, and biomass respectively. The total algal density and biomass of phytoplankton decreased at the dam and gradually increased under the dam. They were the highest in Shigu and the lowest in Xiangjiaba. The diversity of phytoplankton communities in Panzhihua was the highest, and that of Xiluodu and Xiangjiaba were much lower. The redundancy analysis(RDA) showed that total nitrogen was the main factor affecting the phytoplankton community structure. The correlation between the dominant species and the environmental factors showed that six diatoms, including Synedra acus and Achnanthes sp., were positively correlated with water level and negatively correlated with water temperature, indicating that they were suitable for low temperatures, while Cyclotella sp. was suitable for growing at high temperature. Coelastrum reticulatum, Scenedesmus sp.,Chroomonas acuta and Cyclotella sp. were positively correlated with total nitrogen, while Cymbella Affinis and Nitzschia palea were positively correlated with total phosphorus, which demonstrated that they could indicate corresponding nutrients in water.
引文
[1]Field B,Behrenfeld J,Randerson T,et al.Primary production of the biosphere:integrating terrestrial and oceanic components.Science,1998,281:237-240
[2]Feio J,Almeida P,Craveiro C,et al.A comparison between biotic indices and predictive models in stream water quality assessment based on benthic diatom communities.Ecological Indicators,2009,9(3):497-507
[3]Gevrey M,Rimet F,Park S,et al.Water quality assessment using diatom assemblages and advanced modelling techniques.Freshwater Biology,2004,49(2):208-220
[4]Tan Xiang,Zhang Quanfa,Burford A,et al.Benthic diatom based indices for water quality assessment in two subtropical streams.Frontiers in Microbiology,2017,8:1-10
[5]Stevenson J.An introduction to algal ecology in freshwater benthic habitats.Amsterdam:Elsevier,1996
[6]张智,宋丽娟,郭蔚华.重庆长江嘉陵江交汇段浮游藻类组成及变化.中国环境科学,2005,25(6):695-699
[7]曾婷.重庆长江嘉陵江浮游藻类分布特征及水质状况研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2008
[8]郭蔚华,侯亚芹,龙天渝,等.嘉陵江出口段藻类生长与氮磷相关性分析.土木建筑与环境工程,2008,30(4):125-128
[9]马永红,曾燏,任丽萍,等.嘉陵江四川段藻类植物群落结构及水质评价.应用生态学报,2012,23(9):2573-2579
[10]周广杰,况琪军,胡征宇,等.三峡库区四条支流藻类多样性评价及“水华”防治.中国环境科学,2006,26(3):337-341
[11]龙天渝,刘腊美,郭蔚华,等.流量对三峡库区嘉陵江重庆主城段藻类生长的影响.环境科学研究,2008,21(4):104-108
[12]刘刚,沈镭,孙尚志,等.金沙江下游梯级电站开发影响区域的资源开发与产业可持续发展.长江流域资源与环境,2007,16(5):565-570
[13]莫逸群.金沙江概况.人民长江,1983(5):72-74
[14]潘久根.金沙江流域的河流泥沙输移特性.泥沙研究,1999(2):46-49
[15]胡鸿钧,魏印心.中国淡水藻类.北京:科学出版社,2006
[16]龚廷登,杨伟阶,何滔,等.金沙江水富段水生生物的群落结构及水质监测.淡水渔业,2014,44(4):25-34
[17]余海英.长江上游珍稀、特有鱼类国家级自然保护区浮游植物和浮游动物种类分布和数量研究[D].重庆:西南大学,2008
[18]刘佳,徐亮,张秋劲,等.四川省水体富营养状况时空分布调查.中国环境监测,2012,28(5):6-8
[19]裘一鸣,王静雅.藻类在线监测仪的应用.净水技术,2017,36(2):7-9
[20]孙慧慧,刘西汉,孙西艳,等.莱州湾浮游植物群落结构与环境因子的时空变化特征研究.海洋环境科学,2017,36(5):662-669
[21]胡俊,郑金秀,池仕运,等.苏皖交界河网区浮游植物群落结构及其与环境因子关系的研究.长江流域资源与环境,2017,26(2):282-288
[22]胡忠军,莫丹玫,周小玉,等.千岛湖浮游植物群落结构时空分布及其与环境因子的关系.水生态学杂志,2017,38(5):46-54
[23]Malviya S,Scalco E,Audic S,et al.Insights into global diatom distribution and diversity in the world’s ocean.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2016,113(11):1516-1525
[24]Kireta R,Reavie D,Sgro V,et al.Planktonic and periphytic diatoms as indicators of stress on great rivers of the United States:testing water quality and disturbance models.Ecological Indicators,2012,13(1):222-231
[25]张曼,曾波,张怡,等.温度变化对藻类光合电子传递与光合放氧关系的影响.生态学报,2010,30(24):7087-7091
[26]胡正峰,张磊,邱勤,等.温度条件对澎溪河藻类生长的影响.江苏农业科学,2010(2):384-386
[27]裴国凤,刘国祥,胡征宇.云南高原湖泊沿岸带底栖藻类群落的分布.植物科学学报,2008,26(4):373-378
[28]Pienitz R,Smol P,Birks B.Assessment of freshwater diatoms as quantitative indicators of past climatic change in the Yukon and Northwest Territories,Canada.Journal of Paleolimnology,1995,13(1):21-49
[29]汪星,李利强,郑丙辉,等.洞庭湖浮游藻类功能群的组成特征及其影响因素研究.中国环境科学,2016,36(12):3766-3776
[30]邢爽,巴秋爽,杨晓清,等.夏季挠力河国家级自然保护区水体中藻类群落结构及其影响因素研究.湿地科学,2017,15(4):546-551
[31]王珺,邢诒炫,陈国华,等.不同生态因子对直链藻生长的影响.热带生物学报,2010,1(3):220-223
[32]Liu Hongbo,Li Yanhua,Leng Feng,et al.Stage Variation of phytoplankton and environmental factors in a large drinking water reservoir:from construction to full operation.Water Air&Soil Pollution,2016,227(9):352-357
[33]许海,刘兆普,袁兰,等.pH对几种淡水藻类生长的影响.环境科学与技术,2009,32(1):27-30
[34]王小艺,唐丽娜,刘载文,等.城市湖库蓝藻水华形成机理.化工学报,2012,63(5):1492-1497
[35]向蓉,李巧玉,喻燚,等.汝溪河浮游硅藻功能群特征及其与环境因子相关性分析.环境科学,2017,38(8):3290-3301
[36]Plaxton C,Lambers H.Annual Plant reviews volume48:phosphorus metabolism in plants.New York:John Wiley and Sons,2015
[37]Pe?uelas J,Poulter B,Sardans J,et al.Humaninduced nitrogen-phosphorus imbalances alter natural and managed ecosystems across the globe.Nature Communications,2013,4(1):2934-2944
[38]Salomoni E,Rocha O,Callegaro L,et al.Epilithic diatoms as indicators of water quality in the GravataíRiver,Rio Grande do Sul,Brazil.Hydrobiologia,2006,559(1):233-246
[39]Winter G,Duthie C.Epilithic diatoms as indicators of stream total N and total P concentration.Journal of the North American Benthological Society,2000,19(1):32-49
[40]Giorgio A,Bonis D,Guida M.Macroinvertebrate and diatom communities as indicators for the biological assessment of river Picentino(Campania,Italy).Ecological Indicators,2016,64:85-91
[41]Dong Xuhui,Yang Xiangdong,Wang Rong.Diatom indicative species of eutrophication of the lakes in the middle and lower reach regions of Yangtze River.China Environmental Science,2006,26(5):570-574
[42]Bradshaw G,Anderson J.Validation of a diatomphosphorus calibration set for Sweden.Freshwater Biology,2001,46(8):1035-1048
[43]Sch?nfelder I,Gelbrecht J,Sch?nfelder J,et al.Relationships between littoral diatoms and their chemical environment in northeastern German lakes and rivers.Journal of Phycology,2002,38(1):66-89
[44]Femmer R.Algal community characteristics and response to nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in streams in the Ozark Plateaus,Southern Missouri,1993-95 and 2006-07.American Journal of Medical Genetics,2011,78(2):155-159
[45]徐婷婷,路建周,靳萍,等.温度、光照和氮磷浓度对谷皮菱形藻生长的影响.淡水渔业,2014,44(3):39-44
[46]王柱.三峡大坝蓄水对春季嘉陵江出口段藻类的影响[D].重庆:重庆大学,2010
[47]彭成荣,陈磊,毕永红,等.三峡水库洪水调度对香溪河藻类群落结构的影响.中国环境科学,2014,34(7):1863-1871
[2]Feio J,Almeida P,Craveiro C,et al.A comparison between biotic indices and predictive models in stream water quality assessment based on benthic diatom communities.Ecological Indicators,2009,9(3):497-507
[3]Gevrey M,Rimet F,Park S,et al.Water quality assessment using diatom assemblages and advanced modelling techniques.Freshwater Biology,2004,49(2):208-220
[4]Tan Xiang,Zhang Quanfa,Burford A,et al.Benthic diatom based indices for water quality assessment in two subtropical streams.Frontiers in Microbiology,2017,8:1-10
[5]Stevenson J.An introduction to algal ecology in freshwater benthic habitats.Amsterdam:Elsevier,1996
[6]张智,宋丽娟,郭蔚华.重庆长江嘉陵江交汇段浮游藻类组成及变化.中国环境科学,2005,25(6):695-699
[7]曾婷.重庆长江嘉陵江浮游藻类分布特征及水质状况研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2008
[8]郭蔚华,侯亚芹,龙天渝,等.嘉陵江出口段藻类生长与氮磷相关性分析.土木建筑与环境工程,2008,30(4):125-128
[9]马永红,曾燏,任丽萍,等.嘉陵江四川段藻类植物群落结构及水质评价.应用生态学报,2012,23(9):2573-2579
[10]周广杰,况琪军,胡征宇,等.三峡库区四条支流藻类多样性评价及“水华”防治.中国环境科学,2006,26(3):337-341
[11]龙天渝,刘腊美,郭蔚华,等.流量对三峡库区嘉陵江重庆主城段藻类生长的影响.环境科学研究,2008,21(4):104-108
[12]刘刚,沈镭,孙尚志,等.金沙江下游梯级电站开发影响区域的资源开发与产业可持续发展.长江流域资源与环境,2007,16(5):565-570
[13]莫逸群.金沙江概况.人民长江,1983(5):72-74
[14]潘久根.金沙江流域的河流泥沙输移特性.泥沙研究,1999(2):46-49
[15]胡鸿钧,魏印心.中国淡水藻类.北京:科学出版社,2006
[16]龚廷登,杨伟阶,何滔,等.金沙江水富段水生生物的群落结构及水质监测.淡水渔业,2014,44(4):25-34
[17]余海英.长江上游珍稀、特有鱼类国家级自然保护区浮游植物和浮游动物种类分布和数量研究[D].重庆:西南大学,2008
[18]刘佳,徐亮,张秋劲,等.四川省水体富营养状况时空分布调查.中国环境监测,2012,28(5):6-8
[19]裘一鸣,王静雅.藻类在线监测仪的应用.净水技术,2017,36(2):7-9
[20]孙慧慧,刘西汉,孙西艳,等.莱州湾浮游植物群落结构与环境因子的时空变化特征研究.海洋环境科学,2017,36(5):662-669
[21]胡俊,郑金秀,池仕运,等.苏皖交界河网区浮游植物群落结构及其与环境因子关系的研究.长江流域资源与环境,2017,26(2):282-288
[22]胡忠军,莫丹玫,周小玉,等.千岛湖浮游植物群落结构时空分布及其与环境因子的关系.水生态学杂志,2017,38(5):46-54
[23]Malviya S,Scalco E,Audic S,et al.Insights into global diatom distribution and diversity in the world’s ocean.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2016,113(11):1516-1525
[24]Kireta R,Reavie D,Sgro V,et al.Planktonic and periphytic diatoms as indicators of stress on great rivers of the United States:testing water quality and disturbance models.Ecological Indicators,2012,13(1):222-231
[25]张曼,曾波,张怡,等.温度变化对藻类光合电子传递与光合放氧关系的影响.生态学报,2010,30(24):7087-7091
[26]胡正峰,张磊,邱勤,等.温度条件对澎溪河藻类生长的影响.江苏农业科学,2010(2):384-386
[27]裴国凤,刘国祥,胡征宇.云南高原湖泊沿岸带底栖藻类群落的分布.植物科学学报,2008,26(4):373-378
[28]Pienitz R,Smol P,Birks B.Assessment of freshwater diatoms as quantitative indicators of past climatic change in the Yukon and Northwest Territories,Canada.Journal of Paleolimnology,1995,13(1):21-49
[29]汪星,李利强,郑丙辉,等.洞庭湖浮游藻类功能群的组成特征及其影响因素研究.中国环境科学,2016,36(12):3766-3776
[30]邢爽,巴秋爽,杨晓清,等.夏季挠力河国家级自然保护区水体中藻类群落结构及其影响因素研究.湿地科学,2017,15(4):546-551
[31]王珺,邢诒炫,陈国华,等.不同生态因子对直链藻生长的影响.热带生物学报,2010,1(3):220-223
[32]Liu Hongbo,Li Yanhua,Leng Feng,et al.Stage Variation of phytoplankton and environmental factors in a large drinking water reservoir:from construction to full operation.Water Air&Soil Pollution,2016,227(9):352-357
[33]许海,刘兆普,袁兰,等.pH对几种淡水藻类生长的影响.环境科学与技术,2009,32(1):27-30
[34]王小艺,唐丽娜,刘载文,等.城市湖库蓝藻水华形成机理.化工学报,2012,63(5):1492-1497
[35]向蓉,李巧玉,喻燚,等.汝溪河浮游硅藻功能群特征及其与环境因子相关性分析.环境科学,2017,38(8):3290-3301
[36]Plaxton C,Lambers H.Annual Plant reviews volume48:phosphorus metabolism in plants.New York:John Wiley and Sons,2015
[37]Pe?uelas J,Poulter B,Sardans J,et al.Humaninduced nitrogen-phosphorus imbalances alter natural and managed ecosystems across the globe.Nature Communications,2013,4(1):2934-2944
[38]Salomoni E,Rocha O,Callegaro L,et al.Epilithic diatoms as indicators of water quality in the GravataíRiver,Rio Grande do Sul,Brazil.Hydrobiologia,2006,559(1):233-246
[39]Winter G,Duthie C.Epilithic diatoms as indicators of stream total N and total P concentration.Journal of the North American Benthological Society,2000,19(1):32-49
[40]Giorgio A,Bonis D,Guida M.Macroinvertebrate and diatom communities as indicators for the biological assessment of river Picentino(Campania,Italy).Ecological Indicators,2016,64:85-91
[41]Dong Xuhui,Yang Xiangdong,Wang Rong.Diatom indicative species of eutrophication of the lakes in the middle and lower reach regions of Yangtze River.China Environmental Science,2006,26(5):570-574
[42]Bradshaw G,Anderson J.Validation of a diatomphosphorus calibration set for Sweden.Freshwater Biology,2001,46(8):1035-1048
[43]Sch?nfelder I,Gelbrecht J,Sch?nfelder J,et al.Relationships between littoral diatoms and their chemical environment in northeastern German lakes and rivers.Journal of Phycology,2002,38(1):66-89
[44]Femmer R.Algal community characteristics and response to nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in streams in the Ozark Plateaus,Southern Missouri,1993-95 and 2006-07.American Journal of Medical Genetics,2011,78(2):155-159
[45]徐婷婷,路建周,靳萍,等.温度、光照和氮磷浓度对谷皮菱形藻生长的影响.淡水渔业,2014,44(3):39-44
[46]王柱.三峡大坝蓄水对春季嘉陵江出口段藻类的影响[D].重庆:重庆大学,2010
[47]彭成荣,陈磊,毕永红,等.三峡水库洪水调度对香溪河藻类群落结构的影响.中国环境科学,2014,34(7):1863-1871