玛湖凹陷玛中—玛东地区三叠系百口泉组断裂特征及控藏作用分析
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摘要
近年来准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷三叠系百口泉组发现了十亿吨级砾岩大油田,目前在玛湖凹陷中部和东部地区也获得了可喜的勘探成果。利用新采集三维地震及周边多块区域三维地震资料组成的连片三维地震数据体,对玛纳斯湖以东的玛中—玛东地区百口泉组开展了连片三维地震精细构造解释,发现该地区中、深层可划分为4个主要的构造层,百口泉组断裂十分发育,具有多套断裂系统,断裂平面分布规律性强,且断裂类型多样。断裂控制了深、浅层构造的发育与分布,且断裂与油气藏的形成关系密切。研究区发育五种类型断裂,其中在海西期强烈挤压应力作用下形成,并在印支期持续发育的逆冲深大断裂控制了玛湖凹陷区主要凸起和鼻隆等构造的形成与发育,同时该断裂也是油气纵向源外跨层运移至百口泉组的重要输送通道,各探井日产油量与距该断裂的距离呈现明显负相关关系,距离该断裂近的圈闭获高产可能性大;其次沿EW向呈雁列式分布的走滑断裂发育,平面延伸距离长,具有高部位封堵油气作用。断裂分布与储层物性发育区具有良好对应关系。
In recent years,great exploratory achievement has been made by the discovery of a billion ton scale conglomerate oil field in Triassic Baikouquan Formation in the Mahu depression,Junggar Basin.From3 Dfine structural interpretation of the Baikouquan Formation(located to the east of the Manas Lake)based on new 3Dseismic data surrounding the Mahu depression,we found that the middle and deep sections of the area can be divided into four main structural layers.The Baikouquan Formation possesses well developed multiple fault systems which show strong regularity in horizontal fault distribution for various fault types.Faults not only control the development and distribution of deep and shallow structures,but also are closely associated with oil and gas reservoirs.Overall,five types of fault developed in the study area,where the thrust deep fault,formed under the strong extrusion stress of the Hercynian period and developed in the Indosinian period,controls the formation and development of the main bulge and nose structures in the Mahu depression.At the same time,these faults are important transport channels for oil and gas migration across formation from source to the Baikouquan Formation.Daily oil production,therefore,significantly inversely correlates with the distance to the thrust deep fault;traps near the fault have a higher probability achieving high production.Moreover,en echelon strike-slip fault developed along the EW direction,extending long distance horizontally and plugging oil and gas channels from above.Finally,The fault distribution correlates well with the distribution of reservoir developing areas.
In recent years,great exploratory achievement has been made by the discovery of a billion ton scale conglomerate oil field in Triassic Baikouquan Formation in the Mahu depression,Junggar Basin.From3 Dfine structural interpretation of the Baikouquan Formation(located to the east of the Manas Lake)based on new 3Dseismic data surrounding the Mahu depression,we found that the middle and deep sections of the area can be divided into four main structural layers.The Baikouquan Formation possesses well developed multiple fault systems which show strong regularity in horizontal fault distribution for various fault types.Faults not only control the development and distribution of deep and shallow structures,but also are closely associated with oil and gas reservoirs.Overall,five types of fault developed in the study area,where the thrust deep fault,formed under the strong extrusion stress of the Hercynian period and developed in the Indosinian period,controls the formation and development of the main bulge and nose structures in the Mahu depression.At the same time,these faults are important transport channels for oil and gas migration across formation from source to the Baikouquan Formation.Daily oil production,therefore,significantly inversely correlates with the distance to the thrust deep fault;traps near the fault have a higher probability achieving high production.Moreover,en echelon strike-slip fault developed along the EW direction,extending long distance horizontally and plugging oil and gas channels from above.Finally,The fault distribution correlates well with the distribution of reservoir developing areas.
引文
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[14]吴孔友,查明,王绪龙,等.准噶尔盆地构造演化与动力学背景再认识化[J].地球学报,2005,26(3):217-222.
[15]蔡忠贤,陈发景,贾振远.准噶尔盆地的类型和构造演化[J].地学前缘,2000,7(4):431-440.
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[17]陈新,卢华复,舒良树,等.准噶尔盆地构造演化分析新进展[J].高校地质学报,2002,8(3):257-267.
[18]何登发,尹成,杜社宽,等.前陆冲断带构造分段特征:以准噶尔盆地西北缘断裂构造带为例[J].地学前缘,2004,11(3):91-101.
[19]王元龙,成守德.新疆地壳演化与成矿[J].地质科学,2001,36(2):129-143.
[20]徐怀民,徐朝晖,李震华,等.准噶尔盆地西北缘走滑断层特征及油气地质意义[J].高校地质学报,2008,14(2):217-222.
[21]邵雨,汪仁富,张越迁,等.准噶尔盆地西北缘走滑构造与油气勘探[J].石油学报,2011,32(6):976-983.
[22]张越迁,汪新,刘继山,等.准噶尔盆地西北缘乌夏走滑构造及油气勘探意义[J].新疆石油地质,2011,32(5):447-450.
[23]陈石,郭召杰,漆家福,等.准噶尔盆地西北缘三期走滑构造及其油气意义[J].石油与天然气地质,2016,37(3):322-331.
[24]陶国亮,胡文瑄,张义杰,等.准噶尔盆地西北缘北西向横断裂与油气成藏[J].石油学报,2006,27(4):23-28.
[25]贾茹,付晓飞,孟令东,等.断裂及其伴生微构造对不同类型储层的改造机理[J].石油学报,2017,38(3):286-296.
[26]付晓飞,肖建华,孟令东.断裂在纯净砂岩中的变形机制及断裂带内部结构[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2014,44(1):25-37.
[27]赵辉,司马立强,戴诗华,等.利用纵横波速度判别火成岩气、水层的理论基础及应用[J].测井技术,2012,36(6):602-606.
[28]李维新,史謌,王红,等.岩石物理弹性参数规律研究[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(5):1380-1385.
[2]雷德文,阿布力米提,唐勇,等.准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷百口泉组油气高产区控制因素与分布预测[J].新疆石油地质,2014,35(5):495-499.
[3]匡立春,唐勇,雷德文,等.准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷斜坡区三叠系百口泉组扇控大面积岩性油藏勘探实践[J].中国石油勘探,2014,19(6):14-23.
[4]任本兵,瞿建华,王泽胜,等.玛湖凹陷三叠纪古地貌对沉积的分级控制作用[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2016,38(5):81-89.
[5]王绪龙,康素芳.准噶尔盆地腹部及西北缘斜坡区原油成因分析[J].新疆石油地质,1999,20(2):108-112.
[6]瞿建华,张顺存,李辉,等.玛北地区三叠系百口泉组油藏成藏控制因素[J].特种油气藏,2013,20(5):51-56.
[7]阿布力米提,曹剑,陈静,等.准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷高成熟油气成因与分布[J].新疆石油地质,2015,36(4):379-384.
[8]卫延召,陈刚强,王峰,等.准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷及周缘深大构造有效储层及烃类相态分析[J].中国石油勘探,2016,21(1):53-60.
[9]陈永波,潘建国,张寒,等.准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷斜坡区断裂演化特征及对三叠系百口泉组成藏意义[J].天然气地球科学,2015,26(9):11-24.
[10]吴孔友,瞿建华,王鹤华.准噶尔盆地大侏罗沟断层走滑特征、形成机制及控藏作用[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2014,38(5):41-47.
[11]何登发,吴松涛,赵龙,等.环玛湖凹陷二叠-三叠系沉积构造背景及其演化[J].新疆石油地质,2018,39(1):35-47.
[12]隋风贵.准噶尔盆地西北缘构造演化及其与油气成藏的关系[J].地质学报,2015,89(4):779-793.
[13]雷德文,陈刚强,刘海磊,等.准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷大油(气)区形成条件与勘探方向研究[J].地质学报,2017,91(7):1604-1619.
[14]吴孔友,查明,王绪龙,等.准噶尔盆地构造演化与动力学背景再认识化[J].地球学报,2005,26(3):217-222.
[15]蔡忠贤,陈发景,贾振远.准噶尔盆地的类型和构造演化[J].地学前缘,2000,7(4):431-440.
[16]何登发,翟光明,况军,等.准噶尔盆地古隆起的分布与基本特征[J].地质科学,2005,40(2):248-261.
[17]陈新,卢华复,舒良树,等.准噶尔盆地构造演化分析新进展[J].高校地质学报,2002,8(3):257-267.
[18]何登发,尹成,杜社宽,等.前陆冲断带构造分段特征:以准噶尔盆地西北缘断裂构造带为例[J].地学前缘,2004,11(3):91-101.
[19]王元龙,成守德.新疆地壳演化与成矿[J].地质科学,2001,36(2):129-143.
[20]徐怀民,徐朝晖,李震华,等.准噶尔盆地西北缘走滑断层特征及油气地质意义[J].高校地质学报,2008,14(2):217-222.
[21]邵雨,汪仁富,张越迁,等.准噶尔盆地西北缘走滑构造与油气勘探[J].石油学报,2011,32(6):976-983.
[22]张越迁,汪新,刘继山,等.准噶尔盆地西北缘乌夏走滑构造及油气勘探意义[J].新疆石油地质,2011,32(5):447-450.
[23]陈石,郭召杰,漆家福,等.准噶尔盆地西北缘三期走滑构造及其油气意义[J].石油与天然气地质,2016,37(3):322-331.
[24]陶国亮,胡文瑄,张义杰,等.准噶尔盆地西北缘北西向横断裂与油气成藏[J].石油学报,2006,27(4):23-28.
[25]贾茹,付晓飞,孟令东,等.断裂及其伴生微构造对不同类型储层的改造机理[J].石油学报,2017,38(3):286-296.
[26]付晓飞,肖建华,孟令东.断裂在纯净砂岩中的变形机制及断裂带内部结构[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2014,44(1):25-37.
[27]赵辉,司马立强,戴诗华,等.利用纵横波速度判别火成岩气、水层的理论基础及应用[J].测井技术,2012,36(6):602-606.
[28]李维新,史謌,王红,等.岩石物理弹性参数规律研究[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(5):1380-1385.