漓江河岸带枫杨群落主要木本植物种群生态位
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摘要
为了解漓江河岸带枫杨群落主要木本植物种群的生态位特征,在对其进行群落调查的基础上,利用Levins和Shannon生态位宽度、Schoener生态位相似性和Pianka生态位重叠指数对漓江河岸带枫杨群落乔木层、灌木层主要种群生态位进行定量分析.结果表明:乔木层的枫杨、灌木层的石榕树和桑的生态位宽度较大;重要值较大的物种,其生态位宽度一般较大,但两者排名顺序并不完全一致.乔木层主要种群生态位相似性普遍小于灌木层,平均值分别为0.151和0.236,主要种群间的生态位相似性较小,各种群对资源利用的相似程度不高;乔木层主要种群生态位重叠普遍小于灌木层,它们的平均值分别为0.217和0.273,主要种群间的生态位重叠程度较低;生态位宽度与生态位相似性之间无显著相关关系,生态位宽度大的物种与其他物种发生重叠的概率更大,但生态位重叠值不一定大,生态位相似性大的物种,其生态位重叠值一般较大.漓江河岸带枫杨群落属于地带性顶极群落,种间关系相对稳定,种群更新缓慢,在发展中有衰退趋势.
To understand the niche characteristics of main woody species in Pterocarya stenoptera community,we investigated P. stenoptera communities in riparian zone of Lijiang River,China. The niche characteristics of main species in tree layers and shrub layers were quantified with the indices of Levins niche breadth,Shannon niche breadth,Schoener niche similarities and Pianka niche overlap. The results showed that P. stenoptera in the tree layer,and Ficus abelii and Morus alba in the shrub layer had higher niche breadth than other species. The species with larger importance values generally had larger niche breadth,but the rank orders of which were not exactly the same.The niche similarity of main populations in the tree layer was generally smaller than that in the shrub layer. The mean value of niche similarity of main populations in the tree layer and shrub layer was 0.151 and 0.236,respectively. There was a low degree of niche similarity among species within the community,indicating that they had a low similarity in resource use. The niche overlap of main populations in the tree layer was generally smaller than that in the shrub layer,with the mean value of niche overlap of main populations in the tree layer and shrub layer being 0. 217 and 0. 273,respectively. The niche overlap between the main species in the community was relatively lower.There was no significant correlation between niche breadth and niche similarity. The species with larger niche breadth often had more opportunities to overlap with other species. However,their overlap value was not necessarily larger. Larger niche similarity was often associated with higher degrees of niche overlap. The P. stenoptera community in riparian zone of Lijiang River was the climax community,the relationship among species was relatively stable,the population regeneration was very slow,and the development trend of this community was declining in the future.
To understand the niche characteristics of main woody species in Pterocarya stenoptera community,we investigated P. stenoptera communities in riparian zone of Lijiang River,China. The niche characteristics of main species in tree layers and shrub layers were quantified with the indices of Levins niche breadth,Shannon niche breadth,Schoener niche similarities and Pianka niche overlap. The results showed that P. stenoptera in the tree layer,and Ficus abelii and Morus alba in the shrub layer had higher niche breadth than other species. The species with larger importance values generally had larger niche breadth,but the rank orders of which were not exactly the same.The niche similarity of main populations in the tree layer was generally smaller than that in the shrub layer. The mean value of niche similarity of main populations in the tree layer and shrub layer was 0.151 and 0.236,respectively. There was a low degree of niche similarity among species within the community,indicating that they had a low similarity in resource use. The niche overlap of main populations in the tree layer was generally smaller than that in the shrub layer,with the mean value of niche overlap of main populations in the tree layer and shrub layer being 0. 217 and 0. 273,respectively. The niche overlap between the main species in the community was relatively lower.There was no significant correlation between niche breadth and niche similarity. The species with larger niche breadth often had more opportunities to overlap with other species. However,their overlap value was not necessarily larger. Larger niche similarity was often associated with higher degrees of niche overlap. The P. stenoptera community in riparian zone of Lijiang River was the climax community,the relationship among species was relatively stable,the population regeneration was very slow,and the development trend of this community was declining in the future.
引文
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[22] Li Q-S(李青山),Wang D-M(王冬梅),Xin Z-B(信忠保),et al. Root distribution in typical sites of Lijiang ecotone and their relationship to soil properties.Acta Ecologica Sinica(生态学报),2014,34(8):2003-2011(in Chinese)
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[32] Chen J-H(陈俊华),Liu X-L(刘兴良),He F(何飞),et al. Niche characteristics of dominant woody populations in Quercits aqujfoliodes shrub community in Balangshan Mountain in Wolong Nature Reserve. Scientia Silvae Sinicae(林业科学),2010,46(3):23-28(in Chinese)
[33] Qian Y-F(钱逸凡),Yi L-T(伊力塔),Hu J-F(胡军飞),et al. Niche characteristics of main plant species in Putuo Mountain,Zhejiang Province of East China.Chinese Journal of Ecology(生态学杂志),2012,31(3):561-568(in Chinese)
[34] Chen B(陈波),Zhou X-M(周兴民). Analyses of niche breadths and overlaps of several plant species in three Kobresia communities of an alpine meadow. Acta Phytoecologica Sinica(植物生态学报),1995,19(2):158-169(in Chinese)
[35] Zhang W(张伟),Wang W-L(王万林),Hu Y-K(胡玉昆),et al. Characteristics of plant niche under different restoration measures in Ili desert grassland of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture(中国生态农业学报),2011,19(2):358-362(in Chinese)
[36] Wu Q-N(吴倩楠),Dong J-W(董建文),Zheng Y(郑宇),et al. Niches of the main plant species in Baili Rhododendron National Forest Park. Journal of Nanjing Forestry University(Natural Science)(南京林业大学学报:自然科学版),2017,41(2):175-180(in Chinese)
[37] Wang N-K(王念奎),Li H-Y(李海燕),Rong J-D(荣俊冬),et al. Study on the niches of dominant populations on arbor layer in Cyclobalanopsis elebaticostata community. Journal of Fujian College of Forestry(福建林学院学报),2010,30(2):128-132(in Chinese)
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[2] Li Y-F(李燕芬),Tie J(铁军),Zhang G-P(张桂萍),et al. Niche characteristics of an artificial Pinus tabuliformis forest in Manghe National Nature Reserve of Shanxi. Chinese Journal of Ecology(生态学杂志),2014,33(11):2905-2912(in Chinese)
[3] Li YM,Sun XH,Gong CY. Niche width and niche overlap:A method based on type-2 fuzzy sets. Ecological Research,2006,21:713-722
[4] Stokes CJ,Archer SR. Niche differentiation and neutral theory:An integrated perspective on shrub assemblages in a parkland savanna. Ecology,2010,91:1152-1162
[5] Mutshinda CM,O’hara RB. Integrating the niche and neutral perspectives on community structure and dynamics.Oecologia,2011,166:241-251
[6] Aiba M,Takafumi H,Hiura T. Interspecific differences in determinants of plant species distribution and the relationships with functional traits. Journal of Ecology,2012,100:950-957
[7] Bai X-H(白晓航),Zhang J-T(张金屯). Niche analysis of dominant species of forest community in Xiaowutai Mountain,China. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology(应用生态学报),2017,28(12):3815-3826(in Chinese)
[8] Wu Y-G(吴友贵),Ye Z-L(叶珍林),Zhou R-F(周荣飞),et al. Niche of dominant species populations in an evergreen broad-leaved forest in Baishanzu. Guihaia(广西植物),2016,36(2):186-192(in Chinese)
[9] Wu Z,Ding Z,Yu D,et al. Influence of niche similarity on hybridization between Myriophyllum sibiricum and M.spicatum. Journal of Evolutionary Biology,2015,28:1465-1475
[10] Xu Y-M(徐有明),Zou M-H(邹明宏),Shi Y-H(史玉虎),et al. Advance on the biological properties and the resources utilization of Pterocarya stenoptera.Journal of Northeast Forestry University(东北林业大学学报),2002,30(3):42-48(in Chinese)
[11] Wang X-R(王晓荣),Hu X-Y(胡兴宜),Du K-B(杜克兵),et al. Plus scattered trees selection of Pterocarya stenoptera. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin(中国农学通报),2016,32(22):15-20(in Chinese)
[12] Zhang Z-F(张振飞),Wu W-J(吴伟坚). A review on the application of Pterocarya stenoptera C. DC in pest control. Natural Enemies of Insects,2005,27(1):38-42(in Chinese)
[13] Tong L-L(童丽丽),Zhang J(张娟),Ruan H-H(阮宏华). Removal effect on total phosphorus in eutrophic water of Pterocarya stenoptera. Journal of Nanjing Forestry University(Natural Science)(南京林业大学学报:自然科学版),2011,35(5):139-142(in Chinese)
[14] Luo W-J(罗文杰),Wang W-Q(王文全). Report on the distribution of China wingnut and its growth investigation. Shaanxi Forest Science and Technology(陕西林业科技),2008(2):63-64(in Chinese)
[15] Yang Z-P(阳著平),Qin J-M(秦景寞). Breeding and cultivation of Pterocaya stenoptera. Forestry of China(中国林业),2009(19):49(in Chinese)
[16] Li CX,Wei H,Geng YH,et al. Effects of submergence on photosynthesis and growth of Pterocarya stenoptera(Chinese wingnut)seedlings in the recently-created Three Gorges Reservoir region of China. Wetlands Ecology and Management,2010,18:485-494
[17] Wang Z-Y(王朝英),Li C-X(李昌晓),Zhang Y(张晔). Effects of flooding on the photosynthetic physiology characteristics of Pterocarya stenoptera seedlings. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology(应用生态学报),2013,24(3):675-682(in Chinese)
[18] Wang Z-X(王振夏),Wei H(魏虹),Lyu Q(吕茜),et al. Response of photosynthesis and chlorphyll fluorescence characteristics of Pterocarya stenoptera seedlings to submergence and drought alternatiom. Acta Ecologica Sinica(生态学报),2013,33(3):888-897(in Chinese)
[19] Wang C-L(王春玲),Jiang Q(蒋麒),Wang D-M(王冬梅),et al. Pterocarya stenoptera growth model in aquatic-terrestrial ecotones based on competitiveness index. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery(农业机械学报),2016,47(9):301-308(in Chinese)
[20] Duan W-J(段文军),Wang J-Y(王金叶),Zhang L-J(张立杰),et al. Characteristics of precipitation in Lijiang River basin during 1960-2010. Journal of China Hydrology(水文),2014,34(5):88-93(in Chinese)
[21] Liang S-C(梁士楚),Tian H-L(田华丽),Tian F(田丰),et al. Wetland vegetation types and their distribution characteristics in Lijiang River. Journal of Guangxi Normal University(Natural Science)(广西师范大学学报:自然科学版),2015,33(4):115-119(in Chinese)
[22] Li Q-S(李青山),Wang D-M(王冬梅),Xin Z-B(信忠保),et al. Root distribution in typical sites of Lijiang ecotone and their relationship to soil properties.Acta Ecologica Sinica(生态学报),2014,34(8):2003-2011(in Chinese)
[23] Xin Z-B(信忠保),Xiao Y-L(肖玉玲),Wang D-M(王冬梅),et al. Spatial patterns of riparian vegetations and its optimization in Lijiang River:An intensive tourism Karsts River in the southern subtropical China.Ecological Science(生态科学),2014,33(4):631-641(in Chinese)
[24] Li Y(李扬),Wang D-M(王冬梅),Xin Z-B(信忠保). Plant diversity and soil characteristics of different inundation zones in an aquatic-terrestrial ecotone,Li River. Acta Ecologica Sinica(生态学报),2013,29(6):121-128(in Chinese)
[25] Song Y-C(宋永昌). Vegetation Ecology. Shanghai:East China Normal University Press,2001(in Chinese)
[26] Levins R. Evolution in Changing Environments:Some Theoretical Explorations. Princeton,NJ,USA:Princeton University Press,1968
[27] Shannon CE,Weiner W. The Mathematical Theory of Communication:Unknown Distance Function. Urbana,IL,USA:University of Illinois Press,1949
[28] Hu Z-H(胡正华),Qian H-Y(钱海源),Yu M-J(于明坚). The niche of dominant species populations in Castanopsis eyrei forest in Gutian Mountain National Nature Reserve. Acta Ecologica Sinica(生态学报),2009,29(7):3670-3677(in Chinese)
[29] Pianka ER. The structure of lizard communities. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics,1973,4:53-74
[30] Zhang J-L(张金龙),Ma K-P(马克平). Spaa:An R package for computing species association and niche overlap. Proceedings of the Tenth National Conference on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Biodiversity in China,Harbin,2013:165-174(in Chinese)
[31] Deng X-L(邓贤兰),Cao Y-S(曹裕松),Liang Q(梁琴),et al. Study on niche of dominant species at arbor layer in montane elfin forest of Jinggangshan. Journal of Plant Resources and Environment(植物资源与环境学报),2016,25(1):88-93(in Chinese)
[32] Chen J-H(陈俊华),Liu X-L(刘兴良),He F(何飞),et al. Niche characteristics of dominant woody populations in Quercits aqujfoliodes shrub community in Balangshan Mountain in Wolong Nature Reserve. Scientia Silvae Sinicae(林业科学),2010,46(3):23-28(in Chinese)
[33] Qian Y-F(钱逸凡),Yi L-T(伊力塔),Hu J-F(胡军飞),et al. Niche characteristics of main plant species in Putuo Mountain,Zhejiang Province of East China.Chinese Journal of Ecology(生态学杂志),2012,31(3):561-568(in Chinese)
[34] Chen B(陈波),Zhou X-M(周兴民). Analyses of niche breadths and overlaps of several plant species in three Kobresia communities of an alpine meadow. Acta Phytoecologica Sinica(植物生态学报),1995,19(2):158-169(in Chinese)
[35] Zhang W(张伟),Wang W-L(王万林),Hu Y-K(胡玉昆),et al. Characteristics of plant niche under different restoration measures in Ili desert grassland of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture(中国生态农业学报),2011,19(2):358-362(in Chinese)
[36] Wu Q-N(吴倩楠),Dong J-W(董建文),Zheng Y(郑宇),et al. Niches of the main plant species in Baili Rhododendron National Forest Park. Journal of Nanjing Forestry University(Natural Science)(南京林业大学学报:自然科学版),2017,41(2):175-180(in Chinese)
[37] Wang N-K(王念奎),Li H-Y(李海燕),Rong J-D(荣俊冬),et al. Study on the niches of dominant populations on arbor layer in Cyclobalanopsis elebaticostata community. Journal of Fujian College of Forestry(福建林学院学报),2010,30(2):128-132(in Chinese)
[38] Li D-L(李冬林),Huang D(黄栋),Wang J(王瑾),et al. The review of research on Sapium sebiferum.Journal of Jiangsu Forestry Science&Technology(江苏林业科技),2009,36(4):43-47(in Chinese)
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