考虑区域综合能源系统优化运行的配电网扩展规划
|
摘要
随着地理上形成的区域综合能源系统(regional integrated energy system,RIES)逐渐增多,在转向能源互联网的初始阶段中,进行已有配电网络的扩展规划时面临着新的要求。为充分利用RIES可实现多能互补利用的优势,提出一种考虑区域综合能源系统优化运行的配电网扩展规划方法,用于满足负荷增长并促进资源的优化利用。首先,从能源生产、转换、存储和使用出发,构建了含多种能源设备和需求响应负荷的RIES,并分析了RIES内部能量间的转换关系。其次,基于多代理系统(multi-agentsystems,MAS)搭建包含主管层、区域层、设备层的3层交互结构,实现空间尺度上不同实体的相互作用。基于此结构,对含居民、商业、工业类区域综合能源系统的配电网,建立了双层优化模型,上层进行配电网的扩展规划,下层实现区域综合能源系统的优化运行,并分析了上下层模型间的数据传递关系。然后,采用遗传膜算法(genetic membrane algorithm,GMA)和序列二次规划法(sequentialquadraticprogramming,SQP)嵌套求解上下层模型。最后,仿真算例表明,考虑区域综合能源系统优化运行的配电网规划可以减少规划的总成本,提高能源利用效率和新能源消纳率。
With increasing number of regional integrated energy systems(RIESs) in geography, distribution network expansion planning faces new requirements in initial phase of forming energy internet. To take advantage of multi-energy complementation of RIESs, a method of distribution network expansion planning considering RIES optimal operation is proposed to meet increasing power demand and promote optimal use of resources. Firstly, based on production, transformation, restoration and consumption of energy, a model for RIESs with multi-energy producers and customers is established and energy transformation in RIESs is analyzed. Secondly, a tri-level interactive structure, including supervisor, region and device levels, is established based on multi-agent system(MAS). This structure can realize interaction of different entities on spatial scale. Then, a bi-level optimization model is proposed for the distribution network, including residential, commercial and industrial RIESs. The distribution network expansion planning is made in the upper level, and optimal operation of the RIESs is made in the lower level. Data interchange between the upper and lower levels is presented. Genetic membrane algorithm and sequence quadratic programming are used to alternately solve this model. Finally,numerical simulation shows that the distribution network planning considering optimal operation of RIESs can reduce total cost of planning, and improve energy utilization efficiency and renewable energy accommodation.
With increasing number of regional integrated energy systems(RIESs) in geography, distribution network expansion planning faces new requirements in initial phase of forming energy internet. To take advantage of multi-energy complementation of RIESs, a method of distribution network expansion planning considering RIES optimal operation is proposed to meet increasing power demand and promote optimal use of resources. Firstly, based on production, transformation, restoration and consumption of energy, a model for RIESs with multi-energy producers and customers is established and energy transformation in RIESs is analyzed. Secondly, a tri-level interactive structure, including supervisor, region and device levels, is established based on multi-agent system(MAS). This structure can realize interaction of different entities on spatial scale. Then, a bi-level optimization model is proposed for the distribution network, including residential, commercial and industrial RIESs. The distribution network expansion planning is made in the upper level, and optimal operation of the RIESs is made in the lower level. Data interchange between the upper and lower levels is presented. Genetic membrane algorithm and sequence quadratic programming are used to alternately solve this model. Finally,numerical simulation shows that the distribution network planning considering optimal operation of RIESs can reduce total cost of planning, and improve energy utilization efficiency and renewable energy accommodation.
引文
[1]孙宏斌,郭庆来,潘昭光.能源互联网:理念、架构与前沿展望[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(19):1-8.Sun Hongbin,Guo Qinglai,Pan Zhaoguang.Energy internet:concept,architecture and frontier outlook[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(19):1-8(in Chinese).
[2]李杨,刘伟佳,赵俊华,等.含电转气的电-气-热系统协同调度与消纳风电效益分析[J].电网技术,2016,40(12):3608-3688.Li Yang,Liu Weijia,Zhao Junhua,et al.Optimal dispatch of combined electricity-gas-heat energy systems with power-to-gas devices and benefit analysis of wind power accommodation[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(12):3608-3688(in Chinese).
[3]Abapour S,Zare K,Mohammadi-Ivatloo B.Evaluation of technical risks in distribution network along with distributed generation based on active management[J].IET Generation,Transmission&Distribution,2014,8(4):609-618.
[4]贾宏杰,王丹,徐宪东,等.区域综合能源系统若干问题研究[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(7):198-207.J ia Hongjie,Wang Dan,Xu Xiandong,et al.Research on some key problems related to integrated energy system[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(7):198-207(in Chinese).
[5]邵成成,王锡凡,王秀丽,等.多能源系统分析规划初探[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(14):3817-3828.Shao Chengcheng,Wang Xifan,Wang Xiuli,et al.Probe into analysis and planning of multi-energy systems[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(14):3817-3828(in Chinese).
[6]程林,刘琛,朱守真,等.基于多能协同策略的能源互联微网研究[J].电网技术,2016,40(1):132-138.Cheng Lin,Liu Chen,Zhu Shouzhen,et al.Study of micro energy internet based on multi-energy interconnected strategy[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(1):132-138(in Chinese).
[7]Hakimi S M,Moghaddas-Tafreshi S M.Optimal planning of a smart microgrid including demand response and intermittent renewable energy resources[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2014,5(6):2889-2900.
[8]李逐云,雷霞,邱少引,等.考虑“源-网-荷”三方利益的主动配电网协调规划[J].电网技术,2017,41(2):378-386.Li Zhuyun,Lei Xia,Qiu Shaoyin,et al.Coordinated planning of active distribution network considering“source-grid-load”benefits[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(2):378-386(in Chinese).
[9]凡鹏飞,张粒子,熊浩清,等.基于改进BCC算法的含微电网的配电网网架规划[J].电力系统保护与控制,2012,40(10):12-18.Fan Pengfei,Zhang Lizi,Xiong Haoqing,et al.Distribution network planning containing micro-grid based on improved bacterial colony chemotaxis algorithm[J].Power System Protection and Control,2012,40(10):12-18(in Chinese).
[10]方陈,张翔,程浩忠,等.主动管理模式下含分布式发电的配电网网架规划[J].电网技术,2014,38(4):823-829.Fang Chen,Zhang Xiang,Chen Haozhong,et al.Framework planning of distribution network containing distributed generation considering active management[J].Power System Technology,2014,38(4):823-829(in Chinese).
[11]颜炯,万涛,李浩松,等.计及不确定性因素的配电网网架规划方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(18):76-81.Yan Jiong,Wan Tao,Li Haosong,et al.Distribution network planning considering the uncertainties[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(18):76-81(in Chinese).
[12]戴上,张焰,祝达康.含有微电网的配电网规划方法[J].电力系统自动化,2010,34(22):41-45.Dai Shang,Zhang Yan,Zhu Dakang.Distribution network planning method containing micro-grid[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2010,34(22):41-45(in Chinese).
[13]徐玉琴,李雪冬,张继刚,等.考虑分布式发电的配电网规划问题的研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2011,39(1):87-91,117.Xu Yuqin,Li Xuedong,Zhang Jigang,et al.Research on distribution network planning considering DGs[J].Power System Protection and Control,2011,39(1):87-91,117(in Chinese).
[14]白牧可,唐巍,张璐,等.基于机会约束规划的DG与配电网架多目标协调规划[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(10):346-354.Bai Muke,Tang Wei,Zhang Lu,et al.Multi-objective coordinated planning of distribution network incorporating distributed generation based on chance constrained programming[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2013,28(10):346-354(in Chinese).
[15]Zheng C Y,Wu J Y,Zhai X Q,et al.A novel operation strategy for CCHP systems based on minimum distance[J].Applied Energy,2014(128):325-335.
[16]郝然,艾芊,朱宇超,等.基于能源集线器的区域综合能源系统分层优化调度[J].电力自动化设备,2017,37(6):171-178.Hao Ran,Ai Qian,Zhu Yuchao,et al.Hierarchical optimal dispatch based on energy hub for regional integrated energy system[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2017,37(6):171-178(in Chinese).
[17]Ma W W,Fang S,Liu G.Hybrid optimization method and seasonal operation strategy for distributed energy system integrating CCHP,photovoltaic and ground source heat pump[J].Energy,2017(141):1439-1455.
[18]刘涤尘,马恒瑞,王波,等.含冷热电联供及储能的区域综合能源系统运行优化[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(4):113-120,141.Liu Dichen,Ma Hengrui,Wang Bo,et al.Operation optimization of regional integrated energy system with CCHP and energy storage system[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(4):113-120,141(in Chinese).
[19]沈欣炜,朱守真,郑竞宏,等.考虑分布式电源及储能配合的主动配电网规划-运行联合优化[J].电网技术,2015,39(7):1913-1920.Shen Xinwei,Zhu Shouzhen,Zheng Jinghong,et al.Active distribution network planning-operation co-optimization considering the coordination of ESS and DG[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(7):1913-1920(in Chinese).
[20]李阳,郇嘉嘉,曹华珍,等.基于综合能源协同优化的配电网规划策略[J].电网技术,2018,42(5):1393-1400.Li Yang,Huan Jiajia,Cao Huazhen,et al.Dsitribution network planning strategy based on integrated energy collaborative optimization[J].Power System Technology,2018,42(5):1393-1400(in Chinese).
[21]艾芊,刘思源,吴任博,等.能源互联网中多代理系统研究现状与前景分析[J].高电压技术,2016,42(9):2697-2706.Ai Qian,Liu Siyuan,Wu Renbo,et al.Research and prospect of multi-agent system in energy internet system[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(9):2697-2706(in Chinese).
[22]苏海锋,张建华,梁志瑞,等.基于LCC和改进粒子群算法的配电网多阶段网架规划优化[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(4):118-125.Su Haifeng,Zhang Jianhua,Liang Zhirui,et al.Multi-stage planning optimization for power distribution network based on LCC and improved PSO[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(4):118-125(in Chinese).
[23]Zhang X P,Shahidehpour M,Alabdulwahab,et al.Optimal expansion planning of energy hub with multiple energy infrastructures[J].IEEETransactions on Smart Grid,2015,6(5):2302-2311.
[24]吴泓俭,雷霞,刘斌,等.基于遗传膜算法的含风电机组和电动汽车的配电网分时段动态重构[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(2):196-205,220.Wu Hongjian,Lei Xia,Liu Bin,et al.Membrane computing based genetic algorithm for dynamic reconfiguration of distribution network with dividing time and considering electric vehicles and wind turbines[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(2):196-205,220(in Chinese).
[25]陈晓,王新民,周健.基于序列二次规划法优化无人机飞行性能[J].计算机仿真,2012,29(12):99-102,161.Chen Xiao,Wang Xinmin,Zhou Jian.UAV flight performance optimization based on sequential quadratic programming method[J].Computer Simulation,2012,29(12):99-102,161(in Chinese).
[26]田园园,廖清芬,刘涤尘,等.面向综合能源供给侧改革的城市配网规划方法[J].电网技术,2016,40(10):2924-2933.Tian Yuanyuan,Liao Qingfen,Liu Dichen,et al.Planning of urban distribution network considering the integrated energy supply-side reform[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(10):2924-2933(in Chinese).
[27]Abysekera M,Wu J,Jenkins N,et al.Steady state analysis of gas networks with distributed injection of alternative gas[J].Applied Energy,2016(164):991-1002.
[2]李杨,刘伟佳,赵俊华,等.含电转气的电-气-热系统协同调度与消纳风电效益分析[J].电网技术,2016,40(12):3608-3688.Li Yang,Liu Weijia,Zhao Junhua,et al.Optimal dispatch of combined electricity-gas-heat energy systems with power-to-gas devices and benefit analysis of wind power accommodation[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(12):3608-3688(in Chinese).
[3]Abapour S,Zare K,Mohammadi-Ivatloo B.Evaluation of technical risks in distribution network along with distributed generation based on active management[J].IET Generation,Transmission&Distribution,2014,8(4):609-618.
[4]贾宏杰,王丹,徐宪东,等.区域综合能源系统若干问题研究[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(7):198-207.J ia Hongjie,Wang Dan,Xu Xiandong,et al.Research on some key problems related to integrated energy system[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(7):198-207(in Chinese).
[5]邵成成,王锡凡,王秀丽,等.多能源系统分析规划初探[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(14):3817-3828.Shao Chengcheng,Wang Xifan,Wang Xiuli,et al.Probe into analysis and planning of multi-energy systems[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(14):3817-3828(in Chinese).
[6]程林,刘琛,朱守真,等.基于多能协同策略的能源互联微网研究[J].电网技术,2016,40(1):132-138.Cheng Lin,Liu Chen,Zhu Shouzhen,et al.Study of micro energy internet based on multi-energy interconnected strategy[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(1):132-138(in Chinese).
[7]Hakimi S M,Moghaddas-Tafreshi S M.Optimal planning of a smart microgrid including demand response and intermittent renewable energy resources[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2014,5(6):2889-2900.
[8]李逐云,雷霞,邱少引,等.考虑“源-网-荷”三方利益的主动配电网协调规划[J].电网技术,2017,41(2):378-386.Li Zhuyun,Lei Xia,Qiu Shaoyin,et al.Coordinated planning of active distribution network considering“source-grid-load”benefits[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(2):378-386(in Chinese).
[9]凡鹏飞,张粒子,熊浩清,等.基于改进BCC算法的含微电网的配电网网架规划[J].电力系统保护与控制,2012,40(10):12-18.Fan Pengfei,Zhang Lizi,Xiong Haoqing,et al.Distribution network planning containing micro-grid based on improved bacterial colony chemotaxis algorithm[J].Power System Protection and Control,2012,40(10):12-18(in Chinese).
[10]方陈,张翔,程浩忠,等.主动管理模式下含分布式发电的配电网网架规划[J].电网技术,2014,38(4):823-829.Fang Chen,Zhang Xiang,Chen Haozhong,et al.Framework planning of distribution network containing distributed generation considering active management[J].Power System Technology,2014,38(4):823-829(in Chinese).
[11]颜炯,万涛,李浩松,等.计及不确定性因素的配电网网架规划方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(18):76-81.Yan Jiong,Wan Tao,Li Haosong,et al.Distribution network planning considering the uncertainties[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(18):76-81(in Chinese).
[12]戴上,张焰,祝达康.含有微电网的配电网规划方法[J].电力系统自动化,2010,34(22):41-45.Dai Shang,Zhang Yan,Zhu Dakang.Distribution network planning method containing micro-grid[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2010,34(22):41-45(in Chinese).
[13]徐玉琴,李雪冬,张继刚,等.考虑分布式发电的配电网规划问题的研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2011,39(1):87-91,117.Xu Yuqin,Li Xuedong,Zhang Jigang,et al.Research on distribution network planning considering DGs[J].Power System Protection and Control,2011,39(1):87-91,117(in Chinese).
[14]白牧可,唐巍,张璐,等.基于机会约束规划的DG与配电网架多目标协调规划[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(10):346-354.Bai Muke,Tang Wei,Zhang Lu,et al.Multi-objective coordinated planning of distribution network incorporating distributed generation based on chance constrained programming[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2013,28(10):346-354(in Chinese).
[15]Zheng C Y,Wu J Y,Zhai X Q,et al.A novel operation strategy for CCHP systems based on minimum distance[J].Applied Energy,2014(128):325-335.
[16]郝然,艾芊,朱宇超,等.基于能源集线器的区域综合能源系统分层优化调度[J].电力自动化设备,2017,37(6):171-178.Hao Ran,Ai Qian,Zhu Yuchao,et al.Hierarchical optimal dispatch based on energy hub for regional integrated energy system[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2017,37(6):171-178(in Chinese).
[17]Ma W W,Fang S,Liu G.Hybrid optimization method and seasonal operation strategy for distributed energy system integrating CCHP,photovoltaic and ground source heat pump[J].Energy,2017(141):1439-1455.
[18]刘涤尘,马恒瑞,王波,等.含冷热电联供及储能的区域综合能源系统运行优化[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(4):113-120,141.Liu Dichen,Ma Hengrui,Wang Bo,et al.Operation optimization of regional integrated energy system with CCHP and energy storage system[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(4):113-120,141(in Chinese).
[19]沈欣炜,朱守真,郑竞宏,等.考虑分布式电源及储能配合的主动配电网规划-运行联合优化[J].电网技术,2015,39(7):1913-1920.Shen Xinwei,Zhu Shouzhen,Zheng Jinghong,et al.Active distribution network planning-operation co-optimization considering the coordination of ESS and DG[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(7):1913-1920(in Chinese).
[20]李阳,郇嘉嘉,曹华珍,等.基于综合能源协同优化的配电网规划策略[J].电网技术,2018,42(5):1393-1400.Li Yang,Huan Jiajia,Cao Huazhen,et al.Dsitribution network planning strategy based on integrated energy collaborative optimization[J].Power System Technology,2018,42(5):1393-1400(in Chinese).
[21]艾芊,刘思源,吴任博,等.能源互联网中多代理系统研究现状与前景分析[J].高电压技术,2016,42(9):2697-2706.Ai Qian,Liu Siyuan,Wu Renbo,et al.Research and prospect of multi-agent system in energy internet system[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(9):2697-2706(in Chinese).
[22]苏海锋,张建华,梁志瑞,等.基于LCC和改进粒子群算法的配电网多阶段网架规划优化[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(4):118-125.Su Haifeng,Zhang Jianhua,Liang Zhirui,et al.Multi-stage planning optimization for power distribution network based on LCC and improved PSO[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(4):118-125(in Chinese).
[23]Zhang X P,Shahidehpour M,Alabdulwahab,et al.Optimal expansion planning of energy hub with multiple energy infrastructures[J].IEEETransactions on Smart Grid,2015,6(5):2302-2311.
[24]吴泓俭,雷霞,刘斌,等.基于遗传膜算法的含风电机组和电动汽车的配电网分时段动态重构[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(2):196-205,220.Wu Hongjian,Lei Xia,Liu Bin,et al.Membrane computing based genetic algorithm for dynamic reconfiguration of distribution network with dividing time and considering electric vehicles and wind turbines[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(2):196-205,220(in Chinese).
[25]陈晓,王新民,周健.基于序列二次规划法优化无人机飞行性能[J].计算机仿真,2012,29(12):99-102,161.Chen Xiao,Wang Xinmin,Zhou Jian.UAV flight performance optimization based on sequential quadratic programming method[J].Computer Simulation,2012,29(12):99-102,161(in Chinese).
[26]田园园,廖清芬,刘涤尘,等.面向综合能源供给侧改革的城市配网规划方法[J].电网技术,2016,40(10):2924-2933.Tian Yuanyuan,Liao Qingfen,Liu Dichen,et al.Planning of urban distribution network considering the integrated energy supply-side reform[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(10):2924-2933(in Chinese).
[27]Abysekera M,Wu J,Jenkins N,et al.Steady state analysis of gas networks with distributed injection of alternative gas[J].Applied Energy,2016(164):991-1002.