紫金山针阔混交林主要树种空间分布格局及种间关联性
|
摘要
【目的】明晰紫金山针阔混交林主要树种的空间格局及种间关系。【方法】根据1 hm~2典型林分样地调查结果,计算了每个树种重要值,分析了种群胸径分布和主要树种在100 m~2尺度下种群的空间聚集强度指标、种间联结系数与显著度。【结果】在紫金山针阔混交林区,重要值前7位的马尾松、栓皮栎、朴树、紫薇、短柄枹、椤木石楠、黄连木是主要树种;除马尾松外,其余主要树种的幼苗、幼树数量均多于大树数量,属于进展种群。各主要树种种群的空间格局均属于集群分布,聚集强度大小为椤木石楠>紫薇>短柄枹>栓皮栎>朴树>马尾松>黄连木;建群种马尾松空间格局随进展演替趋于随机分布。主要树种种群之间的总体关联性呈不显著正关联。7个主要树种构成的21个种对关联性中,13个呈不显著正联结,1个呈极显著正联结,以及7个呈不显著负联结,其中正联结多集中在地带性乡土树种之间。【结论】紫金山针阔混交林正向含有常绿成分的落叶阔叶林过渡。
【Objective】In this study,we aimed to evaluate the spatial distribution patterns and interspecific associations of dominant tree species in a coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest on the Zijin Mountain.【Method】On the basis of the data collected from a 1 hm~2 plot,important values( IV) of the tree species were calculated and diameter at breast height( DBH) distributions were analyzed. The intensity of spatial aggregation,coefficient of interspecific association and significance of species dominance at the scale of 100 m~2 were also analyzed.【Result】In the broad-leaved forest on Zijin Mountain,Pinus massoniana,Quercus variabilis,Celtis sinensis,Lagerstroemia indica,Quercus glandulifera,Photinia davidsoniae and Pistacia chinensis were defined as the dominant tree species with top seven IVs. Apart from Pinus massoniana,the number of seedlings and saplings were more than bigger tree in the other dominant tree populations belong to growing type. All dominant tree populations showed a contagious spatial distribution,and the aggregation ranking was as follow: Photinia davidsoniae > L. indica > Q. glandulifera > Q. variabilis > C. sinensis > Pinus massoniana >Pistacia chinensis. The spatial distribution of the Pinus massoniana population gradually shifted to a random pattern along the successional process. In general,associations of the dominant tree populations tended to be positively correlated,but statistically non-significant. Among 21 species pairs of the seven tree species,13 pairs were non-significantly positively associa-ted,one pair was significantly positively associated,and seven pairs were non-significantly negatively associated. Besides,the positive associations were mainly concentrated in the zonal native tree species.【Conclusion】Currently,the coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest on the Zijin Mountain is gradually transiting to a deciduous broad-leaved forest withsome evergreen components.
【Objective】In this study,we aimed to evaluate the spatial distribution patterns and interspecific associations of dominant tree species in a coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest on the Zijin Mountain.【Method】On the basis of the data collected from a 1 hm~2 plot,important values( IV) of the tree species were calculated and diameter at breast height( DBH) distributions were analyzed. The intensity of spatial aggregation,coefficient of interspecific association and significance of species dominance at the scale of 100 m~2 were also analyzed.【Result】In the broad-leaved forest on Zijin Mountain,Pinus massoniana,Quercus variabilis,Celtis sinensis,Lagerstroemia indica,Quercus glandulifera,Photinia davidsoniae and Pistacia chinensis were defined as the dominant tree species with top seven IVs. Apart from Pinus massoniana,the number of seedlings and saplings were more than bigger tree in the other dominant tree populations belong to growing type. All dominant tree populations showed a contagious spatial distribution,and the aggregation ranking was as follow: Photinia davidsoniae > L. indica > Q. glandulifera > Q. variabilis > C. sinensis > Pinus massoniana >Pistacia chinensis. The spatial distribution of the Pinus massoniana population gradually shifted to a random pattern along the successional process. In general,associations of the dominant tree populations tended to be positively correlated,but statistically non-significant. Among 21 species pairs of the seven tree species,13 pairs were non-significantly positively associa-ted,one pair was significantly positively associated,and seven pairs were non-significantly negatively associated. Besides,the positive associations were mainly concentrated in the zonal native tree species.【Conclusion】Currently,the coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest on the Zijin Mountain is gradually transiting to a deciduous broad-leaved forest withsome evergreen components.
引文
[1]朱忠保.森林生态学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1991.
[2]王本洋,余世孝.种群分布格局的多尺度分析[J].植物生态学报,2005,29(2):235-241. DOI:10. 3321/j. issn:1005-264X. 2005. 02. 008.WANG B Y,YU S X. Multi-scale analyses of population distribution patterns[J]. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology,2005,29(2):235-241.
[3]郭忠玲,马元丹,郑金萍,等.长白山落叶阔叶混交林的物种多样性、种群空间分布格局及种间关联性研究[J].应用生态学报,2004,15(11):2013-2018. DOI:10. 13287/j. 1001-9332. 2004. 0416.GUO Z L,MA Y D,ZHENG J P,et al. Biodiversity of tree species,their populations'spatial distribution pattern and interspecific association in mixed deciduous broadleaved forest in Changbai Mountains[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2004,15(11):2013-2018.
[4]邓莉萍,白雪娇,李露露,等.辽东山区次生林优势木本植物种间联结与相关分析[J].生态学杂志,2015,34(6):1473-1479. DOI:10. 13292/j. 1000-4890. 2015. 0126.DENG L P,BAI X J,LI L L,et al. Interspecific association and correlation among dominant woody plants of secondary forest in montane region of eastern Liaoning Province,China[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology,2015,34(6):1473-1479.
[5]徐驰,刘茂松,张明娟,等.南京灵谷寺森林50年来的动态变化研究[J].植物生态学报,2004,28(5):601-608. DOI:10. 3321/j. issn:1005-264X. 2004. 05. 003.XU C,LIU M S,ZHANG M J,et al. Fifty years of forest change in Nanjing Spirit Valley[J]. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology,2004,28(5):601-608.
[6]曲仲湘,文振旺,朱克贵.南京灵谷寺森林现况的分析[J].植物学报,1952(1):18-49.QU Z X,WEN Z W,ZHU K G. An analytical study on the forest of the Spirit Valley,Nanjing[J]. Journal of Integrative Plant Biology,1952(1):18-49.
[7]熊文愈,韩福庆,姚琢.南京灵谷寺森林的变化分析[J].南京林产工业学院学报,1983,4(2):1-23. DOI:10. 3969/j.jssn. 1000-2006. 1983. 02. 001.XIONG W Y,HAN F Q,YAO Z. An analytical study on the successional change of the Spirit Valley forest,Nanjing[J]. Journal of Nanjing Technological College of Forest Products,1983,4(2):1-23.
[8]安树青,李升峰,王峥峰,等.南京灵谷寺森林动态变化的研究[J].植物学报,1997(7):661-666.AN S Q,LI S F,WANG Z F,et al. Dynamic change of the forest in the Spirit Valley,Nanjing[J]. Acta Botanica Sinica,1997(7):661-666.
[9]谈多多,李卫忠,王庆,等.黄龙山林区松栎混交林主要树种空间分布格局及其关联性[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2015,43(6):113-120. DOI:10. 13207/j. cnki. jnwafu. 2015. 06. 009.TAN D D,LI W Z,WANG Q,et al. Spatial distribution pattern and association of main tree species in mingled forest of Pinus tabuliformis+Quercus liaotungensis in Huanglong Mountain[J].Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition),2015,43(6):113-120.
[10]张岗岗,王得祥,张明霞,等.秦岭南坡松栎林群落演替过程中种间联结性和相关性研究[J].西北植物学报,2015,35(8):1657-1668. DOI:10. 7606/j. issn. 1000-4026. 2015.08. 1657.ZHANG G G,WANG D X,ZHANG M X,et al. Interspecific association and correlation of main species in the succession process of pine oak forest community on the south-facing slopes in Qinling Mountain[J]. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica,2015,35(8):1657-1668.
[11] KANG H,ZHENG Y,LIU S,et al. Population structure and spatial pattern of predominant tree species in a pine-oak mosaic mixed forest in the Qinling Mountains,China[J]. Journal of Plant Interactions,2017,12(1):78-86. DOI:10. 1080/17429145. 20 17. 1283069.
[12]时培建.空间点格局分析和社会研究[J].社会,2009,29(5):187-205.SHI P J. Spatial point pattern analysis and social investigation[J]. Chinese Journal of Sciology,2009,29(5):187-205.
[13]MANABE T,YAMAMOTO S I. Spatial distribution of Eurya japonica in an old-growth evergreen broad-leaved forest,SW Japan[J]. Journal of Vegetation Science,1997,8(6):761-772.DOI:10. 2307/3237020.
[14]王伯荪.植物群落学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1987.
[15]郭志华,卓正大,陈洁,等.庐山常绿阔叶、落叶阔叶林混交林乔木种群种间联结性研究[J].植物生态学报,1997,21(5):424-432. DOI:10. 3321/j. issn:1005-264X. 1997.05. 004.GUO Z H,ZHUO Z D,CHEN J,et al. Interspecific association of trees in mixed evergreen and deciduous broadleaved forest in LU SHAN Mountain[J]. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology,1997,21(5):424-432.
[16]李刚,朱志红,王孝安,等.子午岭辽东栎群落乔木种间联结与取样面积[J].生态学杂志,2008,27(5):689-696. DOI:10. 13292/j. 1000-4890. 2008. 0175.LI G,ZHU Z H,WANG X A,et al. Interspecific association of trees species in Quercus wutaiensis communities in Ziwu Mountain related to quadrat size[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology,2008,27(5):689-696.
[17]袁在翔,金雪梅,马婷瑶,等.南京灵谷寺栓皮栎种群结构与动态[J].生态学杂志,2017,36(6):1488-1494. DOI:10.13292/j. 1000-4890. 201706. 013.YUAN Z X,JIN X M,MA T Y,et al. The population structure and dynamics of Quercus variadilis in Nanjing Spirit Valley[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2017,36(6):1488-1494.
[18]张维,李海燕,赖晓辉,等.新疆天山峡谷不同坡向野核桃种群分布格局[J].应用生态学报,2016,27(10):3105-3113.DOI:10. 13287/j. 1001-9332. 201610. 004.ZHANG W,LI H Y,LAI X H,et al. Distribution patterns of Juglans cathayensis populations at different slope aspects in Tian shan Valley in Xinjiang,China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2016,27(10):3105-3113.
[19]SCHLUTER D. A variance test for detecting species associations,with some example applications[J]. Ecology,1984,65(3):998-1005. DOI:10. 2307/1938071.
[20]杜道林,刘玉成,李睿.缙云山亚热带栲树林优势种群间联结性研究[J].植物生态学报,1995,19(2):149-157. DOI:10. 3321/j. issn:1005-264X. 1995. 02. 008.DU D L,LIU Y C,LI R. Studies on the interspecific association of dominant species in a subtropical Catanopsis fargesii forest of Jinyun Mountain,China[J]. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology,1995,19(2):149-157.
[21]张金屯.植被数量生态学方法[M].北京:中国科学技术出版社,1995.
[22]康华靖,陈子林,刘鹏,等.大盘山自然保护区香果树种群结构与分布格局[J].生态学报,2007,27(1):389-396. DOI:10. 3321/j. issn:1000-0933. 2007. 01. 045.KANG H J,CHEN Z L,LIU P,et al. The population structure and distribution pattern of Emmenopterys henryi in Dapanshan Natural Reserve of Zhejiang Province[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica,2007,27(1):389-396.
[23]熊能,金则新,顾婧婧,等.千岛湖次生林优势种种群结构与分布格局[J].生态学杂志,2010,29(5):847-854. DOI:10. 13292/j. 1000-4890. 2010. 0133.XIONG N,JIN Z X,GU J J,et al. Population structure and distribution pattern of dominant tree species in a secondary forest on Laoshan island of Qiandao Lake Region[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology,2010,29(5):847-854.
[24]ODUM E P,BARRETT G W. Fundamentals of ecology[M].Philadelphia:Saunders,1971.
[25] MANABE T,NISHIMURA N,MIURA M,et al. Population structure and spatial patterns for trees in a temperate old-growth evergreen broad-leaved forest in Japan[J]. Plant Ecology,2000,151(2):181-197. DOI:10. 1023/A:1026512404110.
[26]WARD J S,PARKER G R,FERRANDINO F J. Long-term spatial dynamics in an old-growth deciduous forest[J]. Forest ecology and management,1996,83(3):189-202. DOI:10.1016/0378-1127(96)03722-X.
[27]赵亚洲,辛雅芬,马钦彦,等.雌雄异株树种黄连木种群性比及空间分布[J].生态学杂志,2010,29(6):1087-1093.DOI:10. 13292/j. 1000-4890. 2010. 0192.ZHAO Y Z,XIN Y F,MA Q Y,et al. Population sex ratio and spatial distribution of dioecious tree species Pistacia chinensis[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2010,29(6):1087-1093.
[28]常伟,党坤良,武朋辉,等.秦岭林区锐齿栎次生林种群空间分布格局[J].生态学报,2016,36(4):1021-1029. DOI:10. 5846/stxb201406291343.CHANG W,DANG K L,WU P H,et al. Spatial pattern of secondary Quercus aliena var. acuteserrata forests in the Qinling Mountains[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica,2016,36(4):1021-1029.
[29]刘智慧.四川省缙云山栲树种群结构和动态的初步研究[J].植物生态学与地植物学学报,1990,14(2):120-128.LIU Z H. A primary study on the structure and dynamics of Castanopsis fargeii population on Jinyun mountain,Sichuan Province[J]. Acta Phytoecologica ET Geobotanica Sinica,1990,14(2):120-128.
[30]DOVCIAK M,FRELICH L E,REICH P B. Discordance in spatial patterns of white pine(Pinus strobus)size-classes in a patchy near-boreal forest[J]. Journal of Ecology,2001,89(2):280-291. DOI:10. 1046/j. 1365-2745. 2001. 00545. x.
[31]周先叶,王伯荪.广东黑石顶自然保护区森林次生演替过程中群落的种间联结性分析[J].植物生态学报,2000,24(3):332-339. DOI:10. 3321/j. issn:1005-264X. 2000. 03. 015.ZHOU X Y,WANG B S. An analysis of interspecific associations in secondary succession forest communities in Heishiding Natural Reserve,Guangdong Province[J]. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology,2000,24(3):332-339.
[32]周刘丽,张晴晴,赵延涛,等.浙江天童枫香树群落不同垂直层次物种间的联结性与相关性[J].植物生态学报,2015,39(12):1136-1145. DOI:10. 17521/cjpe. 2015. 0110.ZHOU L L,ZHANG Q Q,ZHAO Y T,et al. Species association and correlation between vertical layers in the Liquidambar formosana community in Tiantong Region,Zhejiang Province[J]. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology,2015,39(12):1136-1145.
[2]王本洋,余世孝.种群分布格局的多尺度分析[J].植物生态学报,2005,29(2):235-241. DOI:10. 3321/j. issn:1005-264X. 2005. 02. 008.WANG B Y,YU S X. Multi-scale analyses of population distribution patterns[J]. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology,2005,29(2):235-241.
[3]郭忠玲,马元丹,郑金萍,等.长白山落叶阔叶混交林的物种多样性、种群空间分布格局及种间关联性研究[J].应用生态学报,2004,15(11):2013-2018. DOI:10. 13287/j. 1001-9332. 2004. 0416.GUO Z L,MA Y D,ZHENG J P,et al. Biodiversity of tree species,their populations'spatial distribution pattern and interspecific association in mixed deciduous broadleaved forest in Changbai Mountains[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2004,15(11):2013-2018.
[4]邓莉萍,白雪娇,李露露,等.辽东山区次生林优势木本植物种间联结与相关分析[J].生态学杂志,2015,34(6):1473-1479. DOI:10. 13292/j. 1000-4890. 2015. 0126.DENG L P,BAI X J,LI L L,et al. Interspecific association and correlation among dominant woody plants of secondary forest in montane region of eastern Liaoning Province,China[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology,2015,34(6):1473-1479.
[5]徐驰,刘茂松,张明娟,等.南京灵谷寺森林50年来的动态变化研究[J].植物生态学报,2004,28(5):601-608. DOI:10. 3321/j. issn:1005-264X. 2004. 05. 003.XU C,LIU M S,ZHANG M J,et al. Fifty years of forest change in Nanjing Spirit Valley[J]. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology,2004,28(5):601-608.
[6]曲仲湘,文振旺,朱克贵.南京灵谷寺森林现况的分析[J].植物学报,1952(1):18-49.QU Z X,WEN Z W,ZHU K G. An analytical study on the forest of the Spirit Valley,Nanjing[J]. Journal of Integrative Plant Biology,1952(1):18-49.
[7]熊文愈,韩福庆,姚琢.南京灵谷寺森林的变化分析[J].南京林产工业学院学报,1983,4(2):1-23. DOI:10. 3969/j.jssn. 1000-2006. 1983. 02. 001.XIONG W Y,HAN F Q,YAO Z. An analytical study on the successional change of the Spirit Valley forest,Nanjing[J]. Journal of Nanjing Technological College of Forest Products,1983,4(2):1-23.
[8]安树青,李升峰,王峥峰,等.南京灵谷寺森林动态变化的研究[J].植物学报,1997(7):661-666.AN S Q,LI S F,WANG Z F,et al. Dynamic change of the forest in the Spirit Valley,Nanjing[J]. Acta Botanica Sinica,1997(7):661-666.
[9]谈多多,李卫忠,王庆,等.黄龙山林区松栎混交林主要树种空间分布格局及其关联性[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2015,43(6):113-120. DOI:10. 13207/j. cnki. jnwafu. 2015. 06. 009.TAN D D,LI W Z,WANG Q,et al. Spatial distribution pattern and association of main tree species in mingled forest of Pinus tabuliformis+Quercus liaotungensis in Huanglong Mountain[J].Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition),2015,43(6):113-120.
[10]张岗岗,王得祥,张明霞,等.秦岭南坡松栎林群落演替过程中种间联结性和相关性研究[J].西北植物学报,2015,35(8):1657-1668. DOI:10. 7606/j. issn. 1000-4026. 2015.08. 1657.ZHANG G G,WANG D X,ZHANG M X,et al. Interspecific association and correlation of main species in the succession process of pine oak forest community on the south-facing slopes in Qinling Mountain[J]. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica,2015,35(8):1657-1668.
[11] KANG H,ZHENG Y,LIU S,et al. Population structure and spatial pattern of predominant tree species in a pine-oak mosaic mixed forest in the Qinling Mountains,China[J]. Journal of Plant Interactions,2017,12(1):78-86. DOI:10. 1080/17429145. 20 17. 1283069.
[12]时培建.空间点格局分析和社会研究[J].社会,2009,29(5):187-205.SHI P J. Spatial point pattern analysis and social investigation[J]. Chinese Journal of Sciology,2009,29(5):187-205.
[13]MANABE T,YAMAMOTO S I. Spatial distribution of Eurya japonica in an old-growth evergreen broad-leaved forest,SW Japan[J]. Journal of Vegetation Science,1997,8(6):761-772.DOI:10. 2307/3237020.
[14]王伯荪.植物群落学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1987.
[15]郭志华,卓正大,陈洁,等.庐山常绿阔叶、落叶阔叶林混交林乔木种群种间联结性研究[J].植物生态学报,1997,21(5):424-432. DOI:10. 3321/j. issn:1005-264X. 1997.05. 004.GUO Z H,ZHUO Z D,CHEN J,et al. Interspecific association of trees in mixed evergreen and deciduous broadleaved forest in LU SHAN Mountain[J]. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology,1997,21(5):424-432.
[16]李刚,朱志红,王孝安,等.子午岭辽东栎群落乔木种间联结与取样面积[J].生态学杂志,2008,27(5):689-696. DOI:10. 13292/j. 1000-4890. 2008. 0175.LI G,ZHU Z H,WANG X A,et al. Interspecific association of trees species in Quercus wutaiensis communities in Ziwu Mountain related to quadrat size[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology,2008,27(5):689-696.
[17]袁在翔,金雪梅,马婷瑶,等.南京灵谷寺栓皮栎种群结构与动态[J].生态学杂志,2017,36(6):1488-1494. DOI:10.13292/j. 1000-4890. 201706. 013.YUAN Z X,JIN X M,MA T Y,et al. The population structure and dynamics of Quercus variadilis in Nanjing Spirit Valley[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2017,36(6):1488-1494.
[18]张维,李海燕,赖晓辉,等.新疆天山峡谷不同坡向野核桃种群分布格局[J].应用生态学报,2016,27(10):3105-3113.DOI:10. 13287/j. 1001-9332. 201610. 004.ZHANG W,LI H Y,LAI X H,et al. Distribution patterns of Juglans cathayensis populations at different slope aspects in Tian shan Valley in Xinjiang,China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2016,27(10):3105-3113.
[19]SCHLUTER D. A variance test for detecting species associations,with some example applications[J]. Ecology,1984,65(3):998-1005. DOI:10. 2307/1938071.
[20]杜道林,刘玉成,李睿.缙云山亚热带栲树林优势种群间联结性研究[J].植物生态学报,1995,19(2):149-157. DOI:10. 3321/j. issn:1005-264X. 1995. 02. 008.DU D L,LIU Y C,LI R. Studies on the interspecific association of dominant species in a subtropical Catanopsis fargesii forest of Jinyun Mountain,China[J]. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology,1995,19(2):149-157.
[21]张金屯.植被数量生态学方法[M].北京:中国科学技术出版社,1995.
[22]康华靖,陈子林,刘鹏,等.大盘山自然保护区香果树种群结构与分布格局[J].生态学报,2007,27(1):389-396. DOI:10. 3321/j. issn:1000-0933. 2007. 01. 045.KANG H J,CHEN Z L,LIU P,et al. The population structure and distribution pattern of Emmenopterys henryi in Dapanshan Natural Reserve of Zhejiang Province[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica,2007,27(1):389-396.
[23]熊能,金则新,顾婧婧,等.千岛湖次生林优势种种群结构与分布格局[J].生态学杂志,2010,29(5):847-854. DOI:10. 13292/j. 1000-4890. 2010. 0133.XIONG N,JIN Z X,GU J J,et al. Population structure and distribution pattern of dominant tree species in a secondary forest on Laoshan island of Qiandao Lake Region[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology,2010,29(5):847-854.
[24]ODUM E P,BARRETT G W. Fundamentals of ecology[M].Philadelphia:Saunders,1971.
[25] MANABE T,NISHIMURA N,MIURA M,et al. Population structure and spatial patterns for trees in a temperate old-growth evergreen broad-leaved forest in Japan[J]. Plant Ecology,2000,151(2):181-197. DOI:10. 1023/A:1026512404110.
[26]WARD J S,PARKER G R,FERRANDINO F J. Long-term spatial dynamics in an old-growth deciduous forest[J]. Forest ecology and management,1996,83(3):189-202. DOI:10.1016/0378-1127(96)03722-X.
[27]赵亚洲,辛雅芬,马钦彦,等.雌雄异株树种黄连木种群性比及空间分布[J].生态学杂志,2010,29(6):1087-1093.DOI:10. 13292/j. 1000-4890. 2010. 0192.ZHAO Y Z,XIN Y F,MA Q Y,et al. Population sex ratio and spatial distribution of dioecious tree species Pistacia chinensis[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2010,29(6):1087-1093.
[28]常伟,党坤良,武朋辉,等.秦岭林区锐齿栎次生林种群空间分布格局[J].生态学报,2016,36(4):1021-1029. DOI:10. 5846/stxb201406291343.CHANG W,DANG K L,WU P H,et al. Spatial pattern of secondary Quercus aliena var. acuteserrata forests in the Qinling Mountains[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica,2016,36(4):1021-1029.
[29]刘智慧.四川省缙云山栲树种群结构和动态的初步研究[J].植物生态学与地植物学学报,1990,14(2):120-128.LIU Z H. A primary study on the structure and dynamics of Castanopsis fargeii population on Jinyun mountain,Sichuan Province[J]. Acta Phytoecologica ET Geobotanica Sinica,1990,14(2):120-128.
[30]DOVCIAK M,FRELICH L E,REICH P B. Discordance in spatial patterns of white pine(Pinus strobus)size-classes in a patchy near-boreal forest[J]. Journal of Ecology,2001,89(2):280-291. DOI:10. 1046/j. 1365-2745. 2001. 00545. x.
[31]周先叶,王伯荪.广东黑石顶自然保护区森林次生演替过程中群落的种间联结性分析[J].植物生态学报,2000,24(3):332-339. DOI:10. 3321/j. issn:1005-264X. 2000. 03. 015.ZHOU X Y,WANG B S. An analysis of interspecific associations in secondary succession forest communities in Heishiding Natural Reserve,Guangdong Province[J]. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology,2000,24(3):332-339.
[32]周刘丽,张晴晴,赵延涛,等.浙江天童枫香树群落不同垂直层次物种间的联结性与相关性[J].植物生态学报,2015,39(12):1136-1145. DOI:10. 17521/cjpe. 2015. 0110.ZHOU L L,ZHANG Q Q,ZHAO Y T,et al. Species association and correlation between vertical layers in the Liquidambar formosana community in Tiantong Region,Zhejiang Province[J]. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology,2015,39(12):1136-1145.