自动化玉米移栽机送苗装置的运作试验研究
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摘要
为进一步提升玉米移栽机的移栽效率与自动化水平,结合当前国内外玉米移栽机的研究现状,在玉米移栽机的工作原理与送苗装置的结构组成的基础上,对其展开优化研究。依据横纵向送苗机构的运动协调控制与结构参数设计,加入智能自调节控制程序、相应传感器装置及自动检测系统,实现设计目标并通过给定前置条件进行运作试验。试验表明:X、Y轴送苗方向上的参数均得到理想优化效果,最大提升值分别可达7%、15%左右;优化送苗装置作用下,整体移栽伤苗率小于8%,漏栽率控制在5%之内,成功取苗率达93%以上,符合送苗装置及关键机构的设计优化初衷,试验可靠有效,对玉米移栽机的进一步改进和类似作物移栽机械开发有一定的参考价值。
In order to further enhance the transplanting efficiency of the corn transplanting machine and the automation level,considering the current research status of the corn transplanting machine at home and abroad,the optimization research on the automatic corn transplanting machine is done on the basis of the working principle and the seedling the device structure.Through the coordinated motion control and structure parameters design of vertical and horizontal seedling feeding mechanism,with self regulating control program,the corresponding sensor device and automatic intelligent detection system,achieve the design goal and the operation experiment was given by the pre conditions.The experiment showed that the parameters in the direction of X and Y are optimal,with the maximum value of 7% and 15% respectively and the seedling injury rate of the whole transplanting machine was less than 8% under the optimization of the seedling feeding device,the leakage rate of plant was controlled within 5%,the successful seedling rate reached above 93%,and it conformed with original design optimization of the seedling feeding device and key mechanism,the test was reliable and effective,which has certain reference significance for the further improvement of corn transplanting machine and similar crop transplanting machinery development.
In order to further enhance the transplanting efficiency of the corn transplanting machine and the automation level,considering the current research status of the corn transplanting machine at home and abroad,the optimization research on the automatic corn transplanting machine is done on the basis of the working principle and the seedling the device structure.Through the coordinated motion control and structure parameters design of vertical and horizontal seedling feeding mechanism,with self regulating control program,the corresponding sensor device and automatic intelligent detection system,achieve the design goal and the operation experiment was given by the pre conditions.The experiment showed that the parameters in the direction of X and Y are optimal,with the maximum value of 7% and 15% respectively and the seedling injury rate of the whole transplanting machine was less than 8% under the optimization of the seedling feeding device,the leakage rate of plant was controlled within 5%,the successful seedling rate reached above 93%,and it conformed with original design optimization of the seedling feeding device and key mechanism,the test was reliable and effective,which has certain reference significance for the further improvement of corn transplanting machine and similar crop transplanting machinery development.
引文
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[3]贺磊盈,杨太玮,武传宇,等.基于贪心遗传算法的穴盘苗补栽路径优化[J].农业机械学报,2017,48(5):36-43.
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[16]孙慧,毛罕平,胡建平,等.自动移栽机双臂式取苗机构运动学试验分析研究[J].农机化研究,2016,38(3):204-208.
[17]陈科,杨学军,颜华,等.基于Matlab的全自动移栽机取苗机构设计与参数优化[J].农业机械学报,2013,44(S1):24-26,32.
[18]丁文芹,毛罕平,胡建平,等.穴盘苗自动移栽机的结构设计及运动仿真分析[J].农机化研究,2011,33(10):197-201.
[19]王林生,林卫国,刘志刚.穴盘苗自动移栽机液压变速器控制仿真研究[J].农机化研究,2016,38(2):39-43.
[20]石铁.全自动玉米秧苗移栽机的研制与试验[J].农业工程学报,2015(3):23-30.
[2]谭胡心,郑扬.自动化玉米移栽机送苗装置的研究[J].农机化研究,2017,39(7):252-255.
[3]贺磊盈,杨太玮,武传宇,等.基于贪心遗传算法的穴盘苗补栽路径优化[J].农业机械学报,2017,48(5):36-43.
[4]魏新华,包盛,刘晓凯,等.穴盘苗全自动移栽机运动协调控制系统设计与移栽试验[J].农业机械学报,2016,47(12):1-7,52.
[5]韩长杰,刘云,郭辉,等.自动移栽机检测系统的设计[J].农机化研究,2017,39(7):58-61.
[6]叶秉良,易卫明,俞高红,等.不完全非圆齿轮传动钵苗移栽机构缓冲装置研究[J].农业机械学报,2017,48(3):69-75.
[7]倪有亮,金诚谦,刘基.全自动移栽机取送苗系统的设计与试验[J].农业工程学报,2015,(23):10-19.
[8]刘云.基于PLC和触摸屏的自动移栽机检测系统的设计[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆农业大学,2016.
[9]刘凯强,曹卫彬,连国党,等.穴盘苗自动移栽机苗盘输送装置的设计研究[J].农机化研究,2016,38(4):126-129,164.
[10]裘利钢,俞高红.蔬菜钵苗自动移栽机送苗装置的设计与试验[J].浙江理工大学学报,2012,29(5):683-687,692.
[11]俞高红,杜立恒,李革,等.高速水稻钵苗移栽机送秧装置设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2015,46(5):39-45.
[12]赵朋.双行蔬菜钵苗自动移栽机送苗装置的设计与试验[D].杭州:浙江理工大学,2016.
[13]叶秉良,俞高红,陈志威,等.偏心齿轮-非圆齿轮行星系取苗机构的运动学建模与参数优化[J].农业工程学报,2011,27(12):7-12.
[14]田昆鹏,毛罕平,胡建平,等.自动移栽机门形取苗装置设计与试验研究[J].农机化研究,2014,36(2):168-172.
[15]倪有亮.钵体苗自动移栽机取送苗机构设计与试验研究[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2016.
[16]孙慧,毛罕平,胡建平,等.自动移栽机双臂式取苗机构运动学试验分析研究[J].农机化研究,2016,38(3):204-208.
[17]陈科,杨学军,颜华,等.基于Matlab的全自动移栽机取苗机构设计与参数优化[J].农业机械学报,2013,44(S1):24-26,32.
[18]丁文芹,毛罕平,胡建平,等.穴盘苗自动移栽机的结构设计及运动仿真分析[J].农机化研究,2011,33(10):197-201.
[19]王林生,林卫国,刘志刚.穴盘苗自动移栽机液压变速器控制仿真研究[J].农机化研究,2016,38(2):39-43.
[20]石铁.全自动玉米秧苗移栽机的研制与试验[J].农业工程学报,2015(3):23-30.