珠江河口区某景观水体轮虫群落演替及水质评价
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摘要
于2016年2—11月,对珠江河口区某景观水体轮虫群落的演替特征进行了逐月调查,并进行了多样性分析,同时探究了群落演替与典型环境因子之间的关系。经鉴定:共发现轮虫23种,隶属于6科15属。主要优势种为角突臂尾轮虫(Brachionus angularis)、螺形龟甲轮虫(Keratella cochlearis)、广布多肢轮虫(Polyarthra vulgaris)和暗小异尾轮虫(Trichocerca pusilla)。在时间尺度上,轮虫密度无明显的变化趋势,密度在107.2~3 637.5 ind/L之间变化,在3、6、9月出现密度高峰,2月最低;空间尺度上,不同位点轮虫密度在1 412.8~2 800.3 ind/L之间变化,景观水体(S2、S3、S4和S5)轮虫平均密度显著高于引河S1(p<0.05)。Pearson相关性分析表明,轮虫密度与温度、叶绿素a浓度呈极显著正相关(p<0.01),与盐度无显著相关性(r=-0.360,p>0.05)。E/O、Q值(Q=B/T)和污染指示种评价均得出该景观水体处于中度富营养化水平,需加强后期的调控与维护。
The rotifer community succession were investigated monthly in a landscape water of Pearl River Estuary,from February to November,2016. At the same time, the relationship between community succession and typical environmental factors was also explored. A total of 23 species of rotifers were identified, belonging to 6 families and 15 genus. The dominant species included Brachionus Angularis,Keratella Cochlearis,Polyarthra Vulgaris and Trichocerca Pusilla. The rotifers density showed no obvious change trend in temporal dimension, which ranged from 107. 2 ~ 3 637. 5 ind/L. The highest density appeared in March, June and September,and the lowest density was in February. In space dimensions,the rotifers density at different sites varied between 1 412. 8 ~ 2 800. 3 ind/L,while the average density of rotifers in landscape water( S2, S3, S4 and S5) was significantly higher than that in irrigation channel S1( p <0. 05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation with rotifer density,temperature and chlorophyll a concentration( p < 0. 01), but not with salinity( r =-0. 360, p > 0. 05). The E/O, Q value( Q = B/T) and pollution indicator species evaluation all concluded that the landscape water is moderate eutrophication, and the later regulation and maintenance should be strengthened.
The rotifer community succession were investigated monthly in a landscape water of Pearl River Estuary,from February to November,2016. At the same time, the relationship between community succession and typical environmental factors was also explored. A total of 23 species of rotifers were identified, belonging to 6 families and 15 genus. The dominant species included Brachionus Angularis,Keratella Cochlearis,Polyarthra Vulgaris and Trichocerca Pusilla. The rotifers density showed no obvious change trend in temporal dimension, which ranged from 107. 2 ~ 3 637. 5 ind/L. The highest density appeared in March, June and September,and the lowest density was in February. In space dimensions,the rotifers density at different sites varied between 1 412. 8 ~ 2 800. 3 ind/L,while the average density of rotifers in landscape water( S2, S3, S4 and S5) was significantly higher than that in irrigation channel S1( p <0. 05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation with rotifer density,temperature and chlorophyll a concentration( p < 0. 01), but not with salinity( r =-0. 360, p > 0. 05). The E/O, Q value( Q = B/T) and pollution indicator species evaluation all concluded that the landscape water is moderate eutrophication, and the later regulation and maintenance should be strengthened.
引文
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[17]温新利,谢萍,周俊,等.汀棠湖轮虫主要食性功能群及其优势种群的周年动态对水环境变化的响应[J].生态学报,2016,37(23):1-10.
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[19]郑重.海洋浮游生物生态学文集[M].厦门:厦门大学出版社,1986.
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[22]YOSHIDA T,URABE J,ELSER J J.Assessment of‘top-down’and‘bottom-up’forces as determinants of rotifer distribution among lakes in Ontario,Canada[J].Ecological Research,2003,18(6):639-650.
[23]徐少林,李慧明,顾杨亮,等.广东省大沙河水库轮虫群落结构的时空异质性分析[J].生态科学,2016,36(5):18-26.
[2]HERZIG A.The analysis of planktonic rotifer populations:A plea for long-term investigations[J].Hydrobiologia,1987,147(1):163-180.
[3]LIM L C,WONG C C.Use of the rotifer,Brachionus calyciflorus Pallas,in freshwater ornamental fish larviculture[J].Hydrobiologia,1997,358(1-3):269-273.
[4]高原,李新辉,赖子尼,等.珠江三角洲河网浮游轮虫的群落结构[J].应用生态学报,2014,25(7):2114-2122.
[5]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所.湖泊调查技术规程[M].北京:科学出版社,2015.
[6]黄祥飞.湖泊生态调查观测与分析[M].北京:中国标准出版社,2000.
[7]韩茂森,束蕴芳.中国淡水生物图谱[M].北京:海洋出版社,1995.
[8]王家楫.中国淡水轮虫志[M].北京:科学出版社,1961.
[9]诸葛燕.中国典型地带轮虫的研究[D].武汉:中国科学院水生生物研究所,1997.
[10]WALTER KOSTE.Rotatoria:Die Radertiere Mitteleuropas.2 vols[M].Gebürder Borntraeger.Berlin.Stuttgart.West Germany,1978.
[11]HENDRIK SEGERS.Rotifera:Biology,ecology and systematics[M].Ghent:Kenobi Productions,2006.
[12]国家环境保护总局.水和废水监测分析方法[M].4版.北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002.
[13]徐兆礼.长江口北支水域浮游动物的研究[J].应用生态学报,2005,16(7):1341-1345.
[14]郑金秀,胡菊香,彭建华,等.长江口南北支浮游动物群落生态学研究[J].生态环境学报,2011,2(6-7):1102-1106.
[15]HAKKANi.L.On the productivity and ecology of zooplankton and its role as food for fish in some lakes in Central Finland[J].Biological Research Reportsfrom the University of Jyvaskyla,1978,4:1-87.
[16]梁迪文,王庆,魏南,等.广州市不同类型水体轮虫群落结构的时空变动及与理化因子间的关系[J].湖泊科学,2016,29(6):1433-1443.
[17]温新利,谢萍,周俊,等.汀棠湖轮虫主要食性功能群及其优势种群的周年动态对水环境变化的响应[J].生态学报,2016,37(23):1-10.
[18]马文华,张玮,顾琬雯,等.河口区新建河道轮虫群落演替及与水环境的关系[J].环境科学,2014,35(9):3513-3521.
[19]郑重.海洋浮游生物生态学文集[M].厦门:厦门大学出版社,1986.
[20]WINDER M,JASSBY A D.Shifts in zooplankton community structure:implications for food web processes in the Upper San Francisco estuary[J].Estuaries and Coasts,2011,34(10):675-690.
[21]申屠青春,董双林,赵文,等.盐度、碱度对浮游生物和水化因子的影响[J].应用生态学报,2000,11(3):449-454.
[22]YOSHIDA T,URABE J,ELSER J J.Assessment of‘top-down’and‘bottom-up’forces as determinants of rotifer distribution among lakes in Ontario,Canada[J].Ecological Research,2003,18(6):639-650.
[23]徐少林,李慧明,顾杨亮,等.广东省大沙河水库轮虫群落结构的时空异质性分析[J].生态科学,2016,36(5):18-26.