国际产能合作视角下的中国工业绿色转型研究
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摘要
基于国际产能合作和工业绿色转型的内涵,从对外直接投资、出口贸易及对外工程承包方面分析了国际产能合作对工业绿色转型的作用机制,构建了工业绿色转型指数,测度了中国各省份的工业绿色转型程度,并运用固定效应回归和面板门槛模型进行实证检验。研究表明:中国各省份工业绿色转型程度差异较大,整体水平较低;对外工程承包和出口贸易对工业绿色转型总体有阻碍作用,不同区域有所差异;对外直接投资整体上可以促进东、中、西部地区的工业绿色转型,与研发水平、人力资本呈明显的互补关系,与人均GDP、技术差距呈替代关系,不同区域吸收对外直接投资溢出效应的能力存在差异,只有当各地区跨过经济发展水平、研发水平、人力资本、技术差距门槛时,对外直接投资才会显著地促进中国工业绿色转型。在此基础上,基于国际产能合作的视角,提出了促进中国工业绿色转型的对策建议。
Based on the connotation of international production capacity cooperation and industrial green transformation, this paper theoretically analyzes the mechanism of capacity cooperation on industrial green transformation from the aspects of foreign direct investment, export trade and foreign engineering contracting. The industrial green transformation index is constructed and the industrial green transformation degree of China's provinces is measured. The mechanism of action is tested by the fixed effect regression and the panel threshold model. The results show that the degree of industrial green transformation varies greatly and the overall level is low in all provinces of China, and the contracting of foreign projects and export trade hinder the green transformation of industry in general, and there are differences in different regions. As a whole, OFDI can promote the industrial green transformation in East, middle and western regions, and the relationship between OFDI and R&D level and human capital is obviously complementary, OFDI and GDP per capita, the technological gap is substitute relationship. There are differences in the ability of different regions to absorb OFDI spillover effects. Only when each region crosses the threshold of economic development, R&D level, human capital and technology gap, OFDI will significantly promote the green transformation of China's industry. On this basis, based on the perspective of international capacity cooperation, the countermeasures and suggestions to promote the green transformation of Chinese industry are put forward.
Based on the connotation of international production capacity cooperation and industrial green transformation, this paper theoretically analyzes the mechanism of capacity cooperation on industrial green transformation from the aspects of foreign direct investment, export trade and foreign engineering contracting. The industrial green transformation index is constructed and the industrial green transformation degree of China's provinces is measured. The mechanism of action is tested by the fixed effect regression and the panel threshold model. The results show that the degree of industrial green transformation varies greatly and the overall level is low in all provinces of China, and the contracting of foreign projects and export trade hinder the green transformation of industry in general, and there are differences in different regions. As a whole, OFDI can promote the industrial green transformation in East, middle and western regions, and the relationship between OFDI and R&D level and human capital is obviously complementary, OFDI and GDP per capita, the technological gap is substitute relationship. There are differences in the ability of different regions to absorb OFDI spillover effects. Only when each region crosses the threshold of economic development, R&D level, human capital and technology gap, OFDI will significantly promote the green transformation of China's industry. On this basis, based on the perspective of international capacity cooperation, the countermeasures and suggestions to promote the green transformation of Chinese industry are put forward.
引文
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[5]郑强.对外直接投资促进了母国全要素生产率增长吗--基于金融发展门槛模型的实证检验[J].国际贸易问题,2017(7):131-141.
[6]陈琳,朱明瑞.对外直接投资对中国产业结构升级的实证研究:基于产业间和产业内升级的检验[J].当代经济科学,2015(6):116-121.
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[12]孙焱林,李华磊,王春元.中国贸易开放对碳排放作用机制的实证研究[J].国际贸易问题,2015(2):63-71.
[13]Lo C P.International outsourcing,wage gap,and welfare[J].Economic Modelling,2014,43(43):168-172.
[14]肖芍芳,王俊杰.外包与生产率和就业:基于中国的实证[J].国际经贸探索,2012(2):54-66.
[15]刘洋,应瑛.不对称国际研发联盟中的知识转移机制[J].科学学研究,2016(8):1195-1202.
[16]姚星,颜杰,王磊.行业异质性、离岸外包与生产率溢出--基于世界投入产出表的实证分析[J].经济评论,2017(4):57-72.
[17]中国社会科学院工业经济研究所课题组.中国工业绿色转型研究[J].中国工业经济,2011(4):5-14.
[18]李梅,柳士昌.对外直接投资逆向技术溢出的地区差异和门槛效应--基于中国省际面板数据的门槛回归分析[J].管理世界,2012(1):21-32.
[19]李斌,彭星,欧阳铭珂.环境规制、绿色全要素生产率与中国工业发展方式转变--基于36个工业行业数据的实证研究[J].中国工业经济,2013(4):56-68.
[20]涂正革.区域经济和谐发展的全要素生产率研究--基于对1995-2004年28个省市大中型工业企业的非参数生产前沿分析[J].经济评论,2008(1):29-35.
[21]彭星,李斌.贸易开放、FDI与中国工业绿色转型--基于动态面板门限模型的实证研究[J].国际贸易问题,2015(1):166-176.
[2]Padilla-Perez R,Nogueira C G.Outward FDI from small developing economies:Firm level strategies and home-country effects[J].International Journal of Emerging Markets,2016,11(4):693-714.
[3]胡琰欣,屈小娥,董明放.中国对外直接投资的绿色生产率增长效应--基于时空异质性视角的经验分析[J].经济学家,2016(12):61-68.
[4]杨世迪,韩先锋,宋文飞.对外直接投资影响了中国绿色全要素生产率吗[J].山西财经大学学报,2017(4):14-26.
[5]郑强.对外直接投资促进了母国全要素生产率增长吗--基于金融发展门槛模型的实证检验[J].国际贸易问题,2017(7):131-141.
[6]陈琳,朱明瑞.对外直接投资对中国产业结构升级的实证研究:基于产业间和产业内升级的检验[J].当代经济科学,2015(6):116-121.
[7]Coe D T,Helpman E.International R&D spillovers[J].European Economic Review,1995,39(5):859-887.
[8]徐圆,陈亚丽.国际贸易的环境技术效应--基于技术溢出视角的研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2014(1):148-156.
[9]袁丹,占绍文,雷宏振.国际贸易、国内居民消费与产业结构--基于SVAR模型的实证分析[J].工业技术经济,2016(8):100-106.
[10]杨世迪,韩先锋.贸易自由化的绿色生产率增长效应及其约束机制--基于中国省际面板数据的门槛回归分析[J].经济科学,2016(4):65-77.
[11]陈爱贞,钟国强.中国装备制造业国际贸易是否促进了其技术发展--基于DEA的面板数据分析[J].经济学家,2014(5):43-53.
[12]孙焱林,李华磊,王春元.中国贸易开放对碳排放作用机制的实证研究[J].国际贸易问题,2015(2):63-71.
[13]Lo C P.International outsourcing,wage gap,and welfare[J].Economic Modelling,2014,43(43):168-172.
[14]肖芍芳,王俊杰.外包与生产率和就业:基于中国的实证[J].国际经贸探索,2012(2):54-66.
[15]刘洋,应瑛.不对称国际研发联盟中的知识转移机制[J].科学学研究,2016(8):1195-1202.
[16]姚星,颜杰,王磊.行业异质性、离岸外包与生产率溢出--基于世界投入产出表的实证分析[J].经济评论,2017(4):57-72.
[17]中国社会科学院工业经济研究所课题组.中国工业绿色转型研究[J].中国工业经济,2011(4):5-14.
[18]李梅,柳士昌.对外直接投资逆向技术溢出的地区差异和门槛效应--基于中国省际面板数据的门槛回归分析[J].管理世界,2012(1):21-32.
[19]李斌,彭星,欧阳铭珂.环境规制、绿色全要素生产率与中国工业发展方式转变--基于36个工业行业数据的实证研究[J].中国工业经济,2013(4):56-68.
[20]涂正革.区域经济和谐发展的全要素生产率研究--基于对1995-2004年28个省市大中型工业企业的非参数生产前沿分析[J].经济评论,2008(1):29-35.
[21]彭星,李斌.贸易开放、FDI与中国工业绿色转型--基于动态面板门限模型的实证研究[J].国际贸易问题,2015(1):166-176.