酵母硒和酵母铬对羔羊生长性能、胴体品质、血液激素及代谢产物的影响
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摘要
文章旨在研究日粮添加酵母硒和酵母铬对羔羊生长性能、胴体品质、血液相关指标的影响。试验选择平均体重为(26±4.75)kg的呼伦贝尔羔羊60只,随机分为6组,每组10只,每只羊作为1个重复。日粮采用2×3多因子设计,其中2个酵母硒水平(0和0.3 mg/kg,以硒计)和3个酵母铬水平(0、0.2和0.3 mg/kg,以铬计),试验共进行12周。随着酵母铬添加水平的升高,羔羊采食量显著线性升高(P <0.05)。酵母硒组羔羊末重、总增重和日增重随酵母铬添加水平的升高显著线性升高(P <0.05)。无酵母硒组随酵母铬添加水平的升高,血浆葡萄糖水平显著线性升高(P <0.05)。血浆甘油三酯和胰岛素水平随酵母铬添加水平的升高表现为显著二次曲线效应(P <0.05)。酵母硒组血浆甘油三酯和胰岛素水平随酵母铬添加水平的升高显著线性升高(P <0.05),而血浆尿酸含量显著线性下降(P <0.05)。无酵母硒组随酵母铬添加水平的升高,眼肌面积和胴体蛋白沉积量显著线性升高(P <0.05)。酵母硒组添加酵母铬对羔羊胴体相关指标均具有显著影响(P <0.05),其中屠体重、热胴体和冷胴体重、眼肌面积和能量沉积量随酵母铬添加水平表现为显著二次曲线效应(P <0.05),而脂肪含量和脂肪沉积量显著线性降低(P <0.05)。综上所述,硒酵母与铬酵母联合使用可以提高羔羊生产性能和改善胴体组成,改善血液激素和代谢产物,从而提高羊肉品质。
This study was conducted to evaluate the supplementation the diets of selenium(Se)yeast and chromium(Cr)yeast on growth performance,carcass traits and blood hormone and metabolites of lambs. Sixty Hulunbuir lambs with the average body weight(26±4.75)kg were assigned to 6 groups,each of which had 10 lambs. There were 6 diets,namely,2 selenium yeast levels(0 and 0.3 mg/kg Se)and 3 chromium yeast levels(0,0.2 and 0.3 mg/kg Cr). This trial last 12 w. Lambs showed a linear decrease of feed intake as Cr-yeast increased(P <0.05). Final body weight,total gain,and average daily gain of lambs fed Se-yeast,were linearly increased as Cr-yeast increased(P <0.05). There was a linear increase of plasma glucose concentrations as the Cr-yeast increased in lambs without Se-yeast(P <0.05). Cr-yeast had a quadratic effect on triglycerides and insulin concentrations of lambs without Se-yeast(P <0.05). A linear increase of triglycerides and insulin,and a linear decrease of plasma urea were found in lambs fed Se-yeast as Cr-yeast increased(P <0.05). The rib area and carcass retained protein were increased linearly as Cr-yeast increased(P <0.05). Quadratic effects of Cr-yeast were found on carcass fat and protein,retained fat and retained energy(P <0.05),while fat content and retained fat in carcass of Se-yeast supplemented lambs showed a linear reduction as Cr-yeast increased(P <0.05). From the results we got,we induced that selenium-yeast combined with chromium-yeast had positive effects on performance and carcass composition of fi nishing lambs,and they can modify blood hormones and metabolites which could improve lamb meat quality.
This study was conducted to evaluate the supplementation the diets of selenium(Se)yeast and chromium(Cr)yeast on growth performance,carcass traits and blood hormone and metabolites of lambs. Sixty Hulunbuir lambs with the average body weight(26±4.75)kg were assigned to 6 groups,each of which had 10 lambs. There were 6 diets,namely,2 selenium yeast levels(0 and 0.3 mg/kg Se)and 3 chromium yeast levels(0,0.2 and 0.3 mg/kg Cr). This trial last 12 w. Lambs showed a linear decrease of feed intake as Cr-yeast increased(P <0.05). Final body weight,total gain,and average daily gain of lambs fed Se-yeast,were linearly increased as Cr-yeast increased(P <0.05). There was a linear increase of plasma glucose concentrations as the Cr-yeast increased in lambs without Se-yeast(P <0.05). Cr-yeast had a quadratic effect on triglycerides and insulin concentrations of lambs without Se-yeast(P <0.05). A linear increase of triglycerides and insulin,and a linear decrease of plasma urea were found in lambs fed Se-yeast as Cr-yeast increased(P <0.05). The rib area and carcass retained protein were increased linearly as Cr-yeast increased(P <0.05). Quadratic effects of Cr-yeast were found on carcass fat and protein,retained fat and retained energy(P <0.05),while fat content and retained fat in carcass of Se-yeast supplemented lambs showed a linear reduction as Cr-yeast increased(P <0.05). From the results we got,we induced that selenium-yeast combined with chromium-yeast had positive effects on performance and carcass composition of fi nishing lambs,and they can modify blood hormones and metabolites which could improve lamb meat quality.
引文
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[3]Bunting L D,Fernandez J M,Thompson D L et al.Influence of chromium picolinate on glucose usage and metabolic criteria in growing Holstein calves[J].J Anim Sci,1994,72:1591~1597.
[4]Debski B,Zalewski W,Gralak M A et al.Chromium-yeast supplementation of chicken broilers in an industrial farming system[J].J Trace Elem Med Biol,2004,18:47~51.
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[6]Kincaid R L,Rock M,Awadeh F.Selenium for ruminants:comparing organic and inorganic selenium for cattle and sheep[M].In:Proceedings of the Symposium:Biotechnology in the Feed Industry,Nottingham University Press,1999,537~545.
[7]Kitchalong L,Fernandez J M,Bunting L D et al.Influence of chromium tripicolinate on glucose metabolism and nutrient partitioning in growing lambs[J].J Anim Sci,1995,73:2694~2705.
[8]Lawler T L,Taylor J B,Finley J W et al.Effect of supranutritional and organically bound selenium on performance,carcass characteristics,and selenium distribution in finishing beef steers[J].JAnim Sci,2004,82:1488~1493.
[9]Mateo R D,Spallholz J E,Elder R et al.Efficacy of dietary selenium sources on growth and carcass characteristics of growingfinishing pigs fed diets containing high endogenous selenium[J].JAnim Sci,2007,85:1177~1183.
[10]Mertz W.Chromium in human nutrition:a review[J].J Nutr,1993,123:626~633.
[11]Mowat D N,Chang X,Mallard B A.Supplemental chromium and niacin for stressed feeder calves[J].Can J Anim Sci,1995,75:351~358.
[12]Stahlhut H S,Whisnant C S,Lloyd K E et al.Effect of chromium supplementation and copper status on glucose and lipid metabolism in Angus and Simmental beef cows[J].Anim Feed Sci Technol,2006,128:263~265.
[13]Vignola G,Lambertini L,Mazzone G et al.Effects of selenium source and level of supplementation on the performance and meat quality of lambs[J].Meat Sci,2009,81:678~685.
[14]Wang M Q,Xu Z R,Zha L Y et al.Effects of chromium nanocomposite supplementation on blood metabolites,endocrine parameters and immune traits in finishing pigs[J].Anim Feed Sci Technol,2007,139:69~80.
[2]Alsaiady M Y,Alshaikh M A,Almufarrej S Y et al.Effect of chelated chromium supplementation on lactation performance and blood parameters of Holstein cows under heat stress[J].Anim Feed Sci Technol,2004,117:223~233.
[3]Bunting L D,Fernandez J M,Thompson D L et al.Influence of chromium picolinate on glucose usage and metabolic criteria in growing Holstein calves[J].J Anim Sci,1994,72:1591~1597.
[4]Debski B,Zalewski W,Gralak M A et al.Chromium-yeast supplementation of chicken broilers in an industrial farming system[J].J Trace Elem Med Biol,2004,18:47~51.
[5]Dikeman M E.Effects of metabolic modifiers on carcass traits and meat quality[J].Meat Sci,2007,77:121~135.
[6]Kincaid R L,Rock M,Awadeh F.Selenium for ruminants:comparing organic and inorganic selenium for cattle and sheep[M].In:Proceedings of the Symposium:Biotechnology in the Feed Industry,Nottingham University Press,1999,537~545.
[7]Kitchalong L,Fernandez J M,Bunting L D et al.Influence of chromium tripicolinate on glucose metabolism and nutrient partitioning in growing lambs[J].J Anim Sci,1995,73:2694~2705.
[8]Lawler T L,Taylor J B,Finley J W et al.Effect of supranutritional and organically bound selenium on performance,carcass characteristics,and selenium distribution in finishing beef steers[J].JAnim Sci,2004,82:1488~1493.
[9]Mateo R D,Spallholz J E,Elder R et al.Efficacy of dietary selenium sources on growth and carcass characteristics of growingfinishing pigs fed diets containing high endogenous selenium[J].JAnim Sci,2007,85:1177~1183.
[10]Mertz W.Chromium in human nutrition:a review[J].J Nutr,1993,123:626~633.
[11]Mowat D N,Chang X,Mallard B A.Supplemental chromium and niacin for stressed feeder calves[J].Can J Anim Sci,1995,75:351~358.
[12]Stahlhut H S,Whisnant C S,Lloyd K E et al.Effect of chromium supplementation and copper status on glucose and lipid metabolism in Angus and Simmental beef cows[J].Anim Feed Sci Technol,2006,128:263~265.
[13]Vignola G,Lambertini L,Mazzone G et al.Effects of selenium source and level of supplementation on the performance and meat quality of lambs[J].Meat Sci,2009,81:678~685.
[14]Wang M Q,Xu Z R,Zha L Y et al.Effects of chromium nanocomposite supplementation on blood metabolites,endocrine parameters and immune traits in finishing pigs[J].Anim Feed Sci Technol,2007,139:69~80.