摘要
为明晰中国凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)引进群体子一代的遗传多样性特征,于广东的3个对虾主产区采集7个养殖群体的种苗样品,其均为国外引进亲虾繁育的子一代。将之分别命名为TH-A1、TH-A2、THB、US-C1、US-C2、US-C3和US-C4,以微卫星标记检测其遗传多样性。结果显示,7个群体在12个位点呈现不同程度的多态性,其平均等位基因数(Na)、期望杂合度(He)、观测杂合度(Ho)和多态信息含量(PIC)分别为3.333~6.167、0.477~0.670、0.370~0.505和0.414~0.623;44个群体位点显著偏离哈迪-温伯格平衡,和文章中He大于Ho的结果对应。聚类分析显示7个群体共分为3支,其中TH-A1为一支,US-C1、US-C2和TH-A2为一支,其余的聚为一支。结果表明此次采集的养殖群体种苗样品存在一定的遗传差异。该结果可为后续挖掘种苗遗传背景与其养殖性能的关联性提供参考。
Microsatellite DNA markers were used to assess the genetic diversity of first filial generation of seven introduced Litopenaeus vannamei populations, named TH-A1, TH-A2, TH-B, US-C1, US-C2, US-C3 and US-C4, respectively. The results show that the seven populations had varying polymorphism at 12 microsatellite loci, with the mean allele number(Na) ranging from3.333 to 6.167. The mean values of expected(He) and observed(Ho) heterozygosity were 0.477–0.670 and 0.370–0.505, respectively.The polymorphic information content(PIC) for each population varied from 0.414 to 0.623. For Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test, 44 out of 88 exhibited significant deviation(P<0.05), which corresponded with the fact that He was slightly higher than Ho. Cluster analysis shows that the seven populations were clustered into three branches(TH-A1; US-C1, US-C2 and TH-A2; the rest). It is indicated that the genetic characteristics vary in different cultured populations of L. vannamei. The results provide references for further exploration of relevance between genetic characteristics and practical performance of L. vannamei.
引文
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