超级电容器活性炭材料的研究进展
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摘要
作为一种介于传统电容器和锂离子电池之间的新型环境友好型储能体系,超级电容器具有许多其它储能器件无法比拟的优异特性。制备双电层电容器电极的材料主要为多孔碳材料,目前碳电极材料电容器已成功地商业化。本文介绍了活性炭粉的前驱体选择、制备方法、结构与性能的关系。综合叙述了活性炭的气体活化法、化学活化法、化学-物理联用等方法制备的活性炭的性能,活性炭表面含氧、氮、硫和磷表面官能团对超级电容器活性炭电化学性能的影响。通过分析总结,明确了活性炭作为新型能源材料的未来发展方向。
As a fascinating environmental friendly energy storage and conversion system,supercapacitor possesses many advantages over other energy storage devices. The main material for preparing EDLC is porous carbon material, and the EDLCs based on porous carbon electrodes are commercialized successfully in present. This paper introduces the selection of presoma and preparing method of active carbon powder and relation between structure and performance of the materials for EDLC. In particular,the preparation methods are focused on the activation approaches of gases,chemicals and chemical-physical compounds for preparation of supercapacitor activated carbons.The oxygen,nitrogen,sulfur and phosphorus containing functional groups are evaluated for their effects on the charge storage capacity of activated carbons. Finally, the research work in the future are proposed on activated carbons as novel energy materials.
As a fascinating environmental friendly energy storage and conversion system,supercapacitor possesses many advantages over other energy storage devices. The main material for preparing EDLC is porous carbon material, and the EDLCs based on porous carbon electrodes are commercialized successfully in present. This paper introduces the selection of presoma and preparing method of active carbon powder and relation between structure and performance of the materials for EDLC. In particular,the preparation methods are focused on the activation approaches of gases,chemicals and chemical-physical compounds for preparation of supercapacitor activated carbons.The oxygen,nitrogen,sulfur and phosphorus containing functional groups are evaluated for their effects on the charge storage capacity of activated carbons. Finally, the research work in the future are proposed on activated carbons as novel energy materials.
引文
[1]杨森,杨绍斌,李阳,等.煤基活性炭超级电容器的原料优化及工艺探讨[J].硅酸盐通报,2018,37 (4):1213-1220
[2]刘希邈,詹亮,滕娜,等.超级电容器用沥青焦基活性炭的制备及其电化学性能[J].新型炭材料,2006,21(1):48-53
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[15]Y.Miao,L-L.Jian,J.Wang,KOH-activated carbon aerogels derived from sodium carboxymethyl cellulose for high-performance supercapacitors and dye adsorption[ J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2017,310(2):300-306
[16]Olivares Marín M,Fernández González C,Macías García A,et al.,Preparation of activated carbon from cherry stones by chemical activation with Zn Cl2 [J].Appl.Surf.Sci.,2006,252(17):5967-5971
[17]T.E.Rufford,D.Hulicova-Jurcakova,Z.Zhu,et al.,Nanoporous carbon electrode from waste coffee beans for high performance supercapacitors [J].Electrochemistry Communicati ons,2008,10(10):1594-1597
[18]岳晓明,吴雅俊,张双全,物理化学两步活化法制备煤基活性炭电极材料[ J].中国矿业大学学报,2017,46(4):888-894
[19]林星,林冠烽,黄彪,物理化学活化法制备红麻杆基活性炭及其表征[J].材料导报,2019,33(1):198-202
[20]C.Wang,L.Sun,Y.Zhou,et al.,P/N co-doped microporous carbons from H3PO4-doped polyaniline by in situ activation for supercapacitors [J].Carbon,2013,59:537-546
[21]G-Y.Zhao,C.Chen,D-F.Yu,et.al,One-step production of O-N-S co-doped three-dimensionalhierarchical porous carbons for high-performance supercapacitors,Nano Energy,2018,47(5):547-555
[2]刘希邈,詹亮,滕娜,等.超级电容器用沥青焦基活性炭的制备及其电化学性能[J].新型炭材料,2006,21(1):48-53
[3]邢宝林,谌伦建,张传祥,等.中低温活化条件下超级电容器用活性炭的制备与表征[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(7):1200-1205
[4]韩金磊,陈书礼,荣常如,等.超级电容器用玉米芯基活性炭材料的制备和性能研究[J].2015中国汽车工程学会年会优秀论文,16-18
[5]侯敏,孙康,邓先伦,等.椰壳基超级电容活性炭的制备及其电化学性能研究[J].生物质化学工程,2016,50(2):13-18
[6]李诗杰,张继刚,李金晓,等.超级电容器用马尾藻基超级活性炭的制备及其电化学性能 [J].材料工程,2018,46(7):157-164
[7]马小丰,淀粉基活性炭的制备及在超级电容器中的应用,硕士研究生论文,北京化工大学,2012年
[8]胡志杰,郑尊彬,水蒸气活化法制备松籽壳活性炭工艺 [J].林业科技开发,2008,22(6):85-87
[9]杜颜珍,申保收,左宋林,水蒸气活化制备超级电容器木质活性炭的研究[J].林产化学与工业,2018,38(2):29-38
[10]杨巧文,陈思,李鹏飞,磷酸活化法制备糠醛渣活性炭的研究 [J].2015,49(3):23-26
[11]耿克奇,曹斌,宋怀河,等.磷酸活化制备棉杆基活性炭及其超级电容器性能研究[J].炭素技术,2017,36(1):53-57
[12]T.C.Weng,H.S.Teng,Characterization of high porosity carbon electrodes derived from mesophase pitch for electric double-layer capacitors [ J].J Electrochem Soc,2001,148 (4):368
[13] 陈辉,郭燕川,王富等,烟草基活性炭材料用于电化学超级电容器 [ J].新型炭材料,2017,32 (6):592-599
[14] 刘学,刘昉,球形活性炭电极材料的制备及其在超级电容器中的应用[ J].电子元件与材料,2018,37(5):52-56
[15]Y.Miao,L-L.Jian,J.Wang,KOH-activated carbon aerogels derived from sodium carboxymethyl cellulose for high-performance supercapacitors and dye adsorption[ J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2017,310(2):300-306
[16]Olivares Marín M,Fernández González C,Macías García A,et al.,Preparation of activated carbon from cherry stones by chemical activation with Zn Cl2 [J].Appl.Surf.Sci.,2006,252(17):5967-5971
[17]T.E.Rufford,D.Hulicova-Jurcakova,Z.Zhu,et al.,Nanoporous carbon electrode from waste coffee beans for high performance supercapacitors [J].Electrochemistry Communicati ons,2008,10(10):1594-1597
[18]岳晓明,吴雅俊,张双全,物理化学两步活化法制备煤基活性炭电极材料[ J].中国矿业大学学报,2017,46(4):888-894
[19]林星,林冠烽,黄彪,物理化学活化法制备红麻杆基活性炭及其表征[J].材料导报,2019,33(1):198-202
[20]C.Wang,L.Sun,Y.Zhou,et al.,P/N co-doped microporous carbons from H3PO4-doped polyaniline by in situ activation for supercapacitors [J].Carbon,2013,59:537-546
[21]G-Y.Zhao,C.Chen,D-F.Yu,et.al,One-step production of O-N-S co-doped three-dimensionalhierarchical porous carbons for high-performance supercapacitors,Nano Energy,2018,47(5):547-555