秸秆-氯氧镁水泥复合材料制备研究
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摘要
以秸秆为填充材料,氯氧镁水泥为胶结材料,掺加适当比例的矿物掺和料和外加剂,并采用加压锁模工艺,制成秸秆-氯氧镁水泥复合材料(straw-magnesite oxychloride cement composites,SMOCC,以下简称秸秆复合材).首先探究了秸秆种类、长度和含水率(质量分数,下同)对秸秆复合材性能的影响,再通过正交试验,确定秸秆掺量、氯氧镁水泥配合比和砂掺量这3个因素对秸秆复合材抗压强度的影响,最后研究了最优配方情况下秸秆复合材干密度与其抗压强度的关系.结果表明:在秸秆含水率≤10%,氯化镁溶液波美度为23°Bé,养护龄期为28d的条件下,氯氧镁水泥配合比相同且采用加压锁模工艺时,秸秆种类对秸秆复合材抗压强度影响不明显;在秸秆长度改变的情况下,采用小麦秸秆比采用玉米秸秆制备的秸秆复合材性能更加稳定,且秸秆长度为100mm时,其抗压强度最高;正交试验中3个因素对秸秆复合材抗压强度影响程度依次为:氯氧镁水泥配合比、秸秆掺量、砂掺量;在一定范围内,秸秆复合材抗压强度随其干密度的增加而线性增大.
Straw-magnesium oxychloride cement composite material(SMOCC, hereinafter referred to as straw composites) was prepared using straw as a filler, magnesium oxychloride cement as binder, with an appropriate proportion ofmineral admixture and additives added by press process. First the effect of straw type, length, moisture content(by mass,the same below) on material properties was studied, then through orthogonal experiment the influences of three factors of straw content, magnesium oxychloride cement content and sand content on compressive strength were investigated. The relationship between dry density and compressive strength was studied by the optimal formula. The results show that: under the conditions of straw moisture content ≤10%, magnesium chloride solution at 23 °Bé, and conservation for 28 days, with the same ratio of binder and adopted pressure-locked process, different straw types have little effect on compressive strength; with the change of straw length, the addition of wheat straw is more stable than that of corn straw, and the compressive strength of the material is the highest when the straw length is 100 mm; the influence of the three factors on the compressive strength of the material is: cementing material ratio,straw content,sand content; within a certain range, the compressive strength of straw composites increases linearly with the increase of dry density.
Straw-magnesium oxychloride cement composite material(SMOCC, hereinafter referred to as straw composites) was prepared using straw as a filler, magnesium oxychloride cement as binder, with an appropriate proportion ofmineral admixture and additives added by press process. First the effect of straw type, length, moisture content(by mass,the same below) on material properties was studied, then through orthogonal experiment the influences of three factors of straw content, magnesium oxychloride cement content and sand content on compressive strength were investigated. The relationship between dry density and compressive strength was studied by the optimal formula. The results show that: under the conditions of straw moisture content ≤10%, magnesium chloride solution at 23 °Bé, and conservation for 28 days, with the same ratio of binder and adopted pressure-locked process, different straw types have little effect on compressive strength; with the change of straw length, the addition of wheat straw is more stable than that of corn straw, and the compressive strength of the material is the highest when the straw length is 100 mm; the influence of the three factors on the compressive strength of the material is: cementing material ratio,straw content,sand content; within a certain range, the compressive strength of straw composites increases linearly with the increase of dry density.
引文
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[18] 陈国新,黄炜,张荫.内填不同材料填充砌块生态复合墙体抗震性能对比[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2012,43(11):4491-4500.CHEN Guoxin,HUANG Wei,ZHANG Yin .Comparison on seismic behavior of ecological composite walls filled with different materials block[J].Journal of Central South University(Nature Science),2012,43(11):4491-4500.(in Chinese)
[2] 孔令鹏,孙家瑛,李东.农作物秸秆废弃物制备新型墙体材料的研究[J].四川建筑科学研究,2014,40(2):209-212.KONG Lingpeng,SUN Jiaying,LI Dong.Research on preparing new kind of wall material with crops straw[J].Sichuan Building Science,2014,40(2):209-212.(in Chinese)
[3] 李根,张波.农业废弃物秸秆生产新型墙体材料的应用研究[J].工业安全与环保,2013,39(4):46-47,96.LI Gen,ZHANG Bo.Application of straw as agricultural wastes in producing new wall material[J].Industrial Safety and Environmental Protection,2013,39(4):46-47,96.(in Chinese)
[4] 江嘉运,肖力光.用氯氧镁水泥和秸秆生产轻质空心条板[J].混凝土与水泥制品,2004(3):51-54.JIANG Jiayun,XIAO Liguang.Manufacturing of lightweight hollow-cored strip-panel by using magnesium oxychloride cenemt and crop stalks as raw materials[J].China Concrete and Cement Products,2004(3):51-54.(in Chinese)
[5] 谌萌,熊荣生,席凯原.镁水泥木丝板复合原理和制作工艺分析[J].中国建材科技,2012,21(3):23-28.CHEN Meng,XIONG Rongsheng,XI Kaiyuan,The analysis on principle and making technology of the magnesia cement wood fiber board[J].China Building Materials Science & Technology,2012,21(3):23-28.(in Chinese)
[6] 徐学东,周宝木,张丙鹏,等.一种秸秆混凝土保温砌块及生产工艺:104909708A[P].2015-09-16.XU Xuedong,ZHOU Baomu,Zhang Bingpeng,et al.A straw concrete insulation block and production process:104909708A[P].2015-09-16.(in Chinese)
[7] 金开锋,张秋平,张润芳,等.不同秸秆填料对镁质水泥轻质砌块性能的影响[J].混凝土与水泥制品,2014(4):71-73.JIN Kaifeng,ZHANG Quipping,ZHANG Runfang,et al.Effect of different straw fillers on properties of MgO cement lightweight blocks[J].China Concrete and Cement Products,2014(4):71-73.(in Chinese)
[8] 曹旭辉,朱祥,钟春伟,等.稻草纤维/镁水泥复合材料的性能研究[J].混凝土,2010(5):61-63.CAO Xuhui,ZHU Xiang,ZHONG Chunwei,et al.Study of properties for plant fibre/M OC composites[J].Concrete,2010(5):61-63.(in Chinese)
[9] 张长森,刘学军,荀和生,等.建筑垃圾-秸秆-镁水泥墙体保温材料的试验研究[J].混凝土,2011(1):78-80.ZHANG Changsen,LIU Xuejun,XUN Hesheng,et al.Study on the preparation of wall insulation materials with construction waste-straw-magnesite oxychloride cemengt[J],Concrete,2011(1):78-80.(in Chinese)
[10] 童义平.影响氯氧镁水泥强度因素的正交试验研究[J].盐业与化工,1996(2):30-32.TONG Yiping.Orthogonal experimental study on the strength factor of chloroxo-magnesium cement[J].Journal of Salt and Chemical Industry,1996(2):30-32.(in Chinese)
[11] 肖斌,邱战洪,陈明辉,等.氯氧镁水泥配合比的试验研究[J].台州学院学报,2012,34(3):45-50,60.XIAO Bin,QIU Zhanhong,CHEN Minghui,et al.Experimentalstudy of proportion of magnesium oxychloride cement[J].Journal of Taizhou University,2012,34(3):45-50,60.(in Chinese)
[12] 马铭彬.解决氯氧镁水泥制品返卤泛霜的根本途径[J].广西科学,1997,4(3):238-240.MA Mingbin.Essential measures to solve efflorescence of magnesium oxychloride cement products[J].Guangxi Sciences,1997,4(3):238-240.(in Chinese)
[13] 崔春龙,冯启明,童光庆,等.抑制菱镁制品返卤泛霜新方法的试验研究[J].非金属矿,2002,25(1):18-19.CUI Chunlong,FENG Qiming,TONG Guangqing,et al.Experimental study on new method of reproducing halogenation with magnesium products[J].Non-metallic Mines,2002,25(1):18-19.(in Chinese)
[14] 翁端衡,孟保义.解决氯氧镁水泥基材料的吸潮问题[J].中国建材科技,1996,5(3):28-31.WENG Duanheng,MENG Baoyi.Solve the moisture absorption problem of the chloroxy magnesium cement base material[J].China Building Materials Science & Technology,1996,5(3):28-31.(in Chinese)
[15] 徐学东,周宝木,张丙鹏,等.一种秸秆混凝土保温砌块压缩装置:204981655U[P].2016-01-20.XU Xuedong,ZHOU Baomu,et al.A straw concrete insulation block compression device:204981655U[P].2016-01-20.(in Chinese)
[16] 姚久星,周宝木,王付根,等.秸秆混凝土保温性能试验研究[J].新型建筑材料,2017,44(3):86-89.YAO Jiuxing,ZHOU Baomu,WANG Fugen,et al.Experimental study on thermal insulation performance of straw concrete[J].New Building Materials,2017,44(3):86-89.(in Chinese)
[17] 刘一星,韩景泉,张显权,等.水泥基麦秸碎料复合材的制备工艺研究[J].建筑材料学报,2009,12(3):369-374.LIU Yixing,HAN Jingquan,ZHANG Xianquan.et al.Preparation process of cement bonded wheat straw composites[J].Journal of Building Materials,2009,12(3):369-374.(in Chinese)
[18] 陈国新,黄炜,张荫.内填不同材料填充砌块生态复合墙体抗震性能对比[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2012,43(11):4491-4500.CHEN Guoxin,HUANG Wei,ZHANG Yin .Comparison on seismic behavior of ecological composite walls filled with different materials block[J].Journal of Central South University(Nature Science),2012,43(11):4491-4500.(in Chinese)