喀什地区温性荒漠类草地生物量动态研究
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摘要
【目的】本文分析了喀什地区温性荒漠生物量动态规律。【方法】基于新疆维吾尔自治区草地类型图,结合喀什地区温性荒漠类草地区域19个采样点的生物量野外调查数据,对喀什地区温性荒漠生物量动态规律进行了分析。【结果】喀什地区温性荒漠类草地单位面积生物量空间分布具有高度异质性,总生物量在83. 63～4782. 79 g·m-2之间波动,均值为1123. 14 g·m~(-2);地上生物量以灌木为主,草本生物量随海拔增高而显著增多(P <0. 05),灌木生物量和地上生物量均随海拔增高而显著减少(P <0.05),地下生物量与海拔相关性不大;生物量在经纬向上均具有一定线性规律,但无显著相关性关系(P> 0. 05);喀什地区温性荒漠类草地根冠比较大,灌木NPP占比为62. 92%,草地生物量和NPP均与降水具有显著相关性(P <0. 05),但NPP与气温相关性不大(P> 0. 05)。降水是影响喀什地区温性荒漠类草地生物量分布的重要因素。【结论】经纬度的变化、不同的海拔梯度、降水量大小都在一定程度上影响了喀什地区温性荒漠类草地生物量动态分布。
【Objective】This paper aimed to analyze the dynamic law of temperate desert grassland in Kashgar. 【Method】Based on grassland types in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and the field investigation data of 19 sampling sites in the temperate desert grassland of Kashgar region,and the dynamic law of temperate desert grassland in Kashgar was analyzed. 【Result】The spatial distribution of temperate desert grassland biomass per unit area in Kashgar area had a high degree of heterogeneity,and the total biomass ranged from 83. 63-4782. 79 g·m~(-2),with an average of 1123. 14 g·m-2; The aboveground biomass was dominated by shrubs,the herbaceous biomass increased significantly with elevation( P < 0. 05),shrub biomass and aboveground biomass decreased significantly with elevation( P < 0. 05),and the biomass and underground biomass in the altitude was not relevant; The biomass had a certain regularity in longitude and latitude,but there was no significant correlation( P > 0. 05); The rootshoot ratio of temperate desert grassland in Kashi area was relatively large,shrub NPP accounted for 62. 92 % of the total,both grassland biomass and NPP had a significant correlation with precipitation( P < 0. 05),but the correlation between NPP and temperature was not significant( P > 0. 05). Precipitation was an important factor affecting biomass distribution of temperate desert grassland in Kashgar area. 【Conclusion】The biomass dynamic distribution of temperate desert grassland was affected by latitude and longitude,altitude gradient and precipitation to some extent in Kashgar region.
【Objective】This paper aimed to analyze the dynamic law of temperate desert grassland in Kashgar. 【Method】Based on grassland types in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and the field investigation data of 19 sampling sites in the temperate desert grassland of Kashgar region,and the dynamic law of temperate desert grassland in Kashgar was analyzed. 【Result】The spatial distribution of temperate desert grassland biomass per unit area in Kashgar area had a high degree of heterogeneity,and the total biomass ranged from 83. 63-4782. 79 g·m~(-2),with an average of 1123. 14 g·m-2; The aboveground biomass was dominated by shrubs,the herbaceous biomass increased significantly with elevation( P < 0. 05),shrub biomass and aboveground biomass decreased significantly with elevation( P < 0. 05),and the biomass and underground biomass in the altitude was not relevant; The biomass had a certain regularity in longitude and latitude,but there was no significant correlation( P > 0. 05); The rootshoot ratio of temperate desert grassland in Kashi area was relatively large,shrub NPP accounted for 62. 92 % of the total,both grassland biomass and NPP had a significant correlation with precipitation( P < 0. 05),but the correlation between NPP and temperature was not significant( P > 0. 05). Precipitation was an important factor affecting biomass distribution of temperate desert grassland in Kashgar area. 【Conclusion】The biomass dynamic distribution of temperate desert grassland was affected by latitude and longitude,altitude gradient and precipitation to some extent in Kashgar region.
引文
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[16]刘文亭,卫智军,吕世杰,等.短花针茅荒漠草原不同组织尺度地上生物量[J].应用与环境生物学报,2015,21(5):912-918.
[17]阿布都克日木·阿巴司,秦榕,伊力达尔江·吐生,等.喀什地区1961-2010年气候变化特征[J].沙漠与绿洲气象,2012,6(6):35-39.
[18]热汗古丽·吾买尔,满苏尔·沙比提,陆吐布拉·依明.喀什地区近10年地下水资源时空动态变化分析[J].干旱区资源与环境,2011,25(7):63-68.
[19]王文杰,张永福.基于GIS的新疆喀什地区耕地变化及驱动力研究[J].湖北农业科学,2016(17):4560-4564.
[20]朴世龙,方精云,贺金生,等.中国草地植被生物量及其空间分布格局[J].植物生态学报,2004,28(4):491-498.
[21]邓蕾,上官周平.陕西省天然草地生物量空间分布格局及其影响因素[J].草地学报,2012,20(5):825-835.
[22]马文红,杨元合,贺金生,等.内蒙古温带草地生物量及其与环境因子的关系[J].中国科学,2008,38(1):84-92.
[23]李凯辉,胡玉昆,王鑫,等.不同海拔梯度高寒草地地上生物量与环境因子关系[J].应用生态学报,2007,18(9):2019-2024.
[2]钟华平,樊江文,于贵,等.草地生态系统碳循环研究进展[J].草业学报,2005(s1):69-75.
[3]王效科,白艳莹,欧阳志云,等.全球碳循环中的失汇及其形成原因[J].生态学报,2002,22(1):94-103.
[4]郑威,何峰,谭一波,等.两种石漠化区退耕林型的土壤呼吸及模型模拟[J].生态科学,2017,36(5):138-143.
[5]朴世龙,方精云,贺金生,等.中国草地植被生物量及其空间分布格局[J].植物生态学报,2004,28(4):491-498.
[6]张彩琴,张军,李茜若.草地植被生物量动态研究视角与研究方法评述[J].生态学杂志,2015,35(4):1143-1151.
[7]门学慧,盛建东,贾宏涛,等.北疆温性荒漠类草地生物量空间分布及影响因素[J].草地学报,2013,21(5):861-868.
[8]李凯辉,王万林,胡玉昆.不同海拔梯度高寒草地地下生物量与环境因子的关系[J].应用生态学报,2008,19(11):2364-2368.
[9]FENG Q,CHENG G,MASAO M. The Carbon Cycle of Sandy Lands in China and its Global Significance[J]. Climatic Change,2001,48(4):535-549.
[10]LUO Y,SHERRY R,ZHOU X,et al. Terrestrial carbon-cycle feedback to climate warming:experimental evidence on plant regulation and impacts of biofuel feedstock harvest[J]. Annual Review of Ecology Evolution&Systematics,2007,38(38):683-712.
[11]庆强,沈承德,易惟熙,等.土壤碳循环研究进展[J].地球科学进展,1998,131(6):555-563.
[12]王效科,白艳莹,欧阳志云,等.全球碳循环中的失汇及其形成原因[J].生态学报,2002,22(1):94-103.
[13]杨远盛,张晓霞,于海艳,等.中国森林生物量的空间分布及其影响因素[J].西南林业大学学报,2015(6):45-52.
[14]邓蕾,上官周平.陕西省天然草地生物量空间分布格局及其影响因素[J].草地学报,2012,20(5):825-835.
[15]崔夺,李玉霖,王新源,等.北方荒漠及荒漠化地区草地地上生物量空间分布特征[J].中国沙漠,2011,31(4):868-872.
[16]刘文亭,卫智军,吕世杰,等.短花针茅荒漠草原不同组织尺度地上生物量[J].应用与环境生物学报,2015,21(5):912-918.
[17]阿布都克日木·阿巴司,秦榕,伊力达尔江·吐生,等.喀什地区1961-2010年气候变化特征[J].沙漠与绿洲气象,2012,6(6):35-39.
[18]热汗古丽·吾买尔,满苏尔·沙比提,陆吐布拉·依明.喀什地区近10年地下水资源时空动态变化分析[J].干旱区资源与环境,2011,25(7):63-68.
[19]王文杰,张永福.基于GIS的新疆喀什地区耕地变化及驱动力研究[J].湖北农业科学,2016(17):4560-4564.
[20]朴世龙,方精云,贺金生,等.中国草地植被生物量及其空间分布格局[J].植物生态学报,2004,28(4):491-498.
[21]邓蕾,上官周平.陕西省天然草地生物量空间分布格局及其影响因素[J].草地学报,2012,20(5):825-835.
[22]马文红,杨元合,贺金生,等.内蒙古温带草地生物量及其与环境因子的关系[J].中国科学,2008,38(1):84-92.
[23]李凯辉,胡玉昆,王鑫,等.不同海拔梯度高寒草地地上生物量与环境因子关系[J].应用生态学报,2007,18(9):2019-2024.